ABSTRACT
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy on the osseointegration process by comparing resonance frequency analysis measurements performed at implant placement and after 30 days and micro-computed tomography images in irradiated vs nonirradiated rabbits. Fourteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of seven animals each, one control group (nonirradiated animals) and one experimental group that received low-level laser therapy (Thera Lase®, aluminum-gallium-arsenide laser diode, 10 J per spot, two spots per session, seven sessions, 830 nm, 50 mW, CW, Ø 0.0028 cm2). The mandibular left incisor was surgically extracted in all animals, and one osseointegrated implant was placed immediately afterward (3.25ø × 11.5 mm; NanoTite, BIOMET 3i). Resonance frequency analysis was performed with the Osstell® device at implant placement and at 30 days (immediately before euthanasia). Micro-computed tomography analyses were then conducted using a high-resolution scanner (SkyScan 1172 X-ray Micro-CT) to evaluate the amount of newly formed bone around the implants. Irradiated animals showed significantly higher implant stability quotients at 30 days (64.286 ± 1.596; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 60.808-67.764) than controls (56.357 ± 1.596; 95 %CI 52.879-59.835) (P = .000). The percentage of newly formed bone around the implants was also significantly higher in irradiated animals (75.523 ± 8.510; 95 %CI 61.893-89.155) than in controls (55.012 ± 19.840; 95 %CI 41.380-68.643) (P = .027). Laser therapy, based on the irradiation protocol used in this study, was able to provide greater implant stability and increase the volume of peri-implant newly formed bone, indicating that laser irradiation effected an improvement in the osseointegration process.
Subject(s)
Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use , Low-Level Light Therapy/methods , Osseointegration/radiation effects , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Male , Mandible , Rabbits , Random Allocation , X-Ray MicrotomographyABSTRACT
This study aimed to describe the frequency of sarcopenia and verify the agreement between instruments for diagnosis. This a cross-sectional study, where we used the algorithm proposed by the European Consensus Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP), calf circumference (CC), muscle mass and body mass index. 167 elderly were evaluated with a mean age of 68.03 ± 6.12 years. The elderly frequency screened by EWGSOP sarcopenia and CC was as follows: 40 (24.0%) 27(16.2%) and 15 (9.0%). A low degree of agreement between CC and the EWGSOP (Ò¡ = 0.192) was found. However, these instruments due to the low financial cost and easy applicability are important auxiliary tools for the screening of sarcopenia in elderly.
Este estudo teve o objetivo descrever a frequência de sarcopenia e verificar a concordância entre instrumentos para o seu diagnóstico. Trata-se de estudo transversal onde foram utilizados o algoritmo proposto pelo Consenso Europeu de Sarcopenia em idosos (EWGSOP), circunferência da panturrilha (CP), massa muscular e índice de massa muscular. 167 idosos foram avaliados com idade média de 68.03±6.12 anos. A frequência de idosos rastreados com sarcopenia pelo EWGSOP e CP foi a seguinte: 27(16.2%) e 15 (9.0%). Foi verificado um fraco grau de concordância entre a CP e o EWGSOP (Ò¡ = 0.192). Contudo, esses instrumentos, devido ao baixo custo financeiro e fácil aplicabilidade são ferramentas auxiliares importantes para o rastreio de sarcopenia em idosos.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir la frecuencia de la sarcopenia y verifique el acuerdo entre los instrumentos para el diagnóstico. Este estudio transversal donde se utilizó el algoritmo propuesto por el Consenso Europeo Sarcopenia en Anciano (EWGSOP), circunferencia de la pantorrilla (CP), la masa muscular y el índice de masa corporal. 167 ancianos fueron evaluados con una edad media de 68,03 ± 6,12 años. Las personas mayores a menudo diagnosticada por EWGSOP sarcopenia y CP fue el siguiente: 27 (16.2%) y 15 (9.0%). Se encontró un bajo grado de correlación entre la CP y el EWGSOP (Ò¡ = 0.192). Sin embargo, estos instrumentos debido al bajo costo financiero y de fácil aplicabilidad son ayudas importantes para la detección y el diagnóstico de la sarcopenia en los ancianos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged , Aging , Anthropometry , Diagnosis , SarcopeniaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Recurrent periapical disease poses a substantial challenge to the dental practitioner. However, the use of novel methods and materials in periapical surgery has increased the success rates of treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) retrofilling and apical sealing with Nd:YAG laser (at 10 Hz, 150 mJ, 1.5 W, in 60 sec pulses) as adjuncts to apicoectomy. METHODS: Perpendicular root end resection was performed with diamond-coated burs on 40 canine teeth previously subjected to endodontic treatment. Teeth were randomly allocated into four groups: group A, apicoectomy alone; group B, apicoectomy+Nd:YAG laser; group C, apicoectomy+MTA retrofilling; group D, apicoectomy+MTA retrofilling+Nd:YAG laser. Specimens were embedded in epoxy resin and sliced lengthwise and crosswise. RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed more homogeneous and canaliculi-free apical surfaces in groups B and D (p<0.01). Marginal gaps between the dentin surface and filling material were observed in decreasing order of gap size in groups B, A, D, and C (p<0.01) for cross-sectional analysis. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) revealed greater phosphorus (p<0.01) and lower calcium (p<0.01) ion content in the Nd:YAG-irradiated groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, Nd:YAG laser irradiation had a positive effect on dentin surface sealing, despite an untoward dimensional effect when associated with MTA retrofilling.
Subject(s)
Apicoectomy/methods , Cuspid/surgery , Dental Marginal Adaptation , Dentin/radiation effects , Lasers, Solid-State , Aluminum Compounds , Analysis of Variance , Calcium Compounds , Dental Bonding/methods , Drug Combinations , Humans , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Oxides , Root Canal Filling Materials , Root Canal Preparation/methods , Silicates , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with aging of the socially-active elderly in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a sample of 400 elderly subjects. Through a conglomerate analysis using the combined results of the Flanagan Scale and the quality of life assessment instrument developed by the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-100), the subjects classified as presenting a higher quality of life were considered to have aged successfully. RESULTS: After having been adjusted for the variables gender, age, level of depression, despair, perceived health status, meaning that personal beliefs give to life, satisfaction with social activities and relations, the following factors maintained their independent and meaningful effect on successful aging: family relations and friendships (OR = 4.93; 95% CI: 2.83-8.60), health and perceived well being (OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.07-2.59), functional capacity (OR = 23.70; 95% CI: 10.98-51.06) and psychosocial support (OR = 7.36; 95% CI: 4.00-13.54). CONCLUSIONS: Independence in performing daily life activities and autonomy, as well as satisfaction with family relations and friendships, were independent predictive factors of successful aging for both men and women. For women in particular, there were various predictive factors: material comfort; feeling physically well; body image and appearance; self-esteem; positive feelings; interpersonal relationships; social support; participation in recreational activities; sexuality; spirituality; and beliefs. The elderly maintain a relationship with themselves, with others and with their beliefs. Family is the main social support system.
