ABSTRACT
Objetivo. Revisar la literatura sobre la filosofía en Odontología para Bebés. Síntesis de datos. A pesar de que la promoción de la salud es muy practicada en todas las áreas de la salud, la odontología se caracteriza por restar importancia a la prevención de enfermedades bucales y a los tratamientos preventivos, cuando estos son realizados, ya los dientes deciduos se encuentran altamente comprometidos por la caries dental. Los resultados alcanzados a través de la enseñanza de tratamiento odontológico a bebés, en diferentes partes del mundo, tienen un futuro promisorio, ya que enfatiza las particularidades de su crecimiento y desarrollo infantil, considera al bebé como un todo, y no solamente desde el punto de vista de salud bucal. Conclusiones. La buena práctica de la odontología para bebés brinda la posibilidad de fomentar la salud y prevenir la enfermedad, de una forma muy simple, eficaz y de bajo costo.
Objetivo: Revisar a literatura sobre a filosofia da Odontologia para Bebês. Síntese dos dados: Embora a promoção e a manutenção de saúde sejam muito preconizadas atualmente em todas as áreas da saúde, a Odontologia tem se caracterizado por uma prática que pouco privilegia a prevenção da ocorrência das doenças e as ações preventivas e quando são empregadas, ocorrem tardiamente, quase sempre quando a dentição decídua já se encontra em grande parte comprometida pela cárie dentária. Os resultados alcançados através da Odontologia para Bebês, em diversas partes do mundo, têm apontado para um futuro promissor, que enfatiza as particularidades do crescimento e desenvolvimento infantis e considera o bebê como um todo, e não apenas do ponto de vista de saúde bucal. Conclusões: Uma boa prática odontológica para bebês possibilita promover a saúde e prevenir a doença de uma forma simples, eficaz e de baixo custo.
Objective: To review the literature concerning the philosophy of Dentistry for Babies. Data synthesis: Although the promotion and maintenance of health have been very recommended currently in all areas of health, dentistry has been characterized by a practice with little focus on prevention of diseases and the preventive actions, when employed, often occur late, when the primary dentition is already largely compromised by tooth decay. The results achieved by Dentistry for Babies, in various parts of the world, have pointed to a promising future. That emphasize the particularities of children's growth and development and considered the baby as a whole, and not only by the point of view oral health. Conclusion: The practice of dentistry for babies allows the possibility to promote health and prevent disease, in a highly simple, effective and low cost manner.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Dental Care for Children , Oral Health , Preventive Dentistry , Health PromotionABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Although studies have recently shown that osteocytes embedded in mineralized bone matrix play an important role in bone diseases, the participation of cementocytes in apical periodontitis has not been evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible involvement of cementocytes in the development of apical periodontitis. METHODS: Apical periodontitis was experimentally induced in the lower first molars of wild-type mice by pulp exposure to the oral environment. At 0, 7, 21, and 42 days after pulp infection, the animals were euthanized, and the jaws were prepared for analysis under conventional and fluorescence microscopy (morphologic and morphometric analysis), immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B [RANK], receptor activator of the nuclear factor kappa-B ligand [RANKL], and osteoprotegerin [OPG]), enzyme histochemistry (osteoclasts and cementoclasts), and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RANK, RANKL, OPG, and cathepsin K). RESULTS: At 7, 21, and 42 days after pulp exposure, there was a progressive increase in periodontal ligament, cementum and bone resorption areas, osteoclasts, and cementoclast counts as well as higher messenger RNA levels of RANK, RANKL, OPG, and cathepsin K. In intact teeth, cementocytes and osteocytes did not express RANKL. After infection, RANKL was strongly expressed in cementocytes, but not in osteocytes, and its expression increased with lesion progression. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that cementocytes express RANKL in response to endodontic infection and may be involved in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis.
Subject(s)
Dental Cementum/cytology , Periapical Periodontitis/metabolism , RANK Ligand/metabolism , Animals , Cathepsin K/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Molar , Osteoprotegerin/metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the bite force and masseter and temporal muscle thickness in individuals with maxillary and mandibular osteoporosis. 72 individuals were distributed into two equal groups: (1) facial osteoporosis and (2) healthy controls. Bite force on the right and left molar regions was recorded with a dynamometer and the highest value out of three measurements was recorded as the maximal bite force. Muscle thickness was measured with a SonoSite Titan ultrasound scanner. Ultrasound images were obtained of the bilateral masseter and temporal muscles at rest and at maximal voluntary contraction. The means of the measurements in each clinical condition were analyzed with multivariate statistical analysis (SPSS 19.0). Student's t test indicated no significant difference for muscle thickness, but indicated significantly lower bite force values in the osteoporosis group (p>0.05). Lower bite force in individuals with facial bone loss demonstrates functional impact of osteoporosis on the complex physiological stomatognathic system.
Subject(s)
Mandibular Diseases , Osteoporosis , Bite Force , Electromyography , Humans , Masseter Muscle , Masticatory Muscles , Muscle Contraction , Temporal MuscleABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to examine the bite force and masseter and temporal muscle thickness in individuals with maxillary and mandibular osteoporosis. 72 individuals were distributed into two equal groups: (1) facial osteoporosis and (2) healthy controls. Bite force on the right and left molar regions was recorded with a dynamometer and the highest value out of three measurements was recorded as the maximal bite force. Muscle thickness was measured with a SonoSite Titan ultrasound scanner. Ultrasound images were obtained of the bilateral masseter and temporal muscles at rest and at maximal voluntary contraction. The means of the measurements in each clinical condition were analyzed with multivariate statistical analysis (SPSS 19.0). Student's t test indicated no significant difference for muscle thickness, but indicated significantly lower bite force values in the osteoporosis group (p>0.05). Lower bite force in individuals with facial bone loss demonstrates functional impact of osteoporosis on the complex physiological stomatognathic system.
Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a forca de mordida e a espessura dos musculos masseter e temporal em individuos com osteoporose maxilar e mandibular. 72 individuos distribuidos em dois grupos equivalentes: (1) osteoporose facial e (2) controles saudaveis. Forca de mordida nas regioes de molar direita e esquerda foi gravada com o dinamometro e o valor mais alto das tres medidas foi registrado como a forca de mordida maxima. A espessura muscular foi mensurada com ultrassom SonoSite Titan. As imagens de ultrassom foram obtidas dos musculos masseter e temporais bilateral em repouso e em contracao voluntaria maxima. As medias das medidas em cada condicao clinica foram analisadas com a analise estatistica multivariada (SPSS 19.0). Teste t de Student nao revelou diferencas significativas para a espessura musculos, mas indicou valores significativamente mais baixos de forca de mordida no grupo com osteoporose (p> 0,05). Forca de mordida menor em individuos com perda ossea facial demonstra um impacto funcional da osteoporose na fisiologia complexa do sistema estomatognatico.
Subject(s)
Humans , Osteoporosis , Mandibular Diseases , Temporal Muscle , Bite Force , Electromyography , Masseter Muscle , Masticatory Muscles , Muscle ContractionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Fixed implant-supported prostheses according to All-on-Four® (Nobel Biocare, Goteborg, Sweden) principles have become an accepted treatment modality in totally edentulous patients, whereas the functional effect of this therapy is limited. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the muscular function of patients totally rehabilitated with All-on-Four. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study evaluated 63 patients. Twenty-one patients were successfully rehabilitated with maxillary and mandibular All-on-Four (no dropout implants, satisfactory aesthetic and function demands prosthesis), 21 patients were dentate, and 21 were rehabilitated with double complete dentures. Electromyography was carried out during clenching, nonhabitual and habitual chewing, and rest. All values were standardized as percentage of a maximum voluntary contraction. Data were analyzed by ANOVA to compare groups and paired t-test was used for comparison between sides within each group. RESULTS: All groups presented symmetric muscular activity. The All-on-Four and dentate groups had a similar muscles surface electromyography (sEMG) contraction pattern, that is, a higher sEMG activity of masseter than temporalis muscles, differing (p ≤ .05) from those of denture group. Not one statistical difference was found between All-on-Four and dentate groups. CONCLUSION: The muscular function similarity of All-on-Four and dentate patients shows that this treatment concept may be considered as a good option for oral rehabilitation in edentulous patients.
Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported , Denture, Complete , Immediate Dental Implant Loading , Masseter Muscle/physiology , Mastication/physiology , Adult , Aged , Electromyography , Esthetics, Dental , Female , Humans , Jaw, Edentulous/rehabilitation , Jaw, Edentulous, Partially/rehabilitation , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography, PanoramicABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to detect possible differences in the EMG (electromyography) activity, chewing rate (CR), cycle duration (CD) and preferred chewing side (PCS) between children with and without unilateral posterior crossbite. Thirty-seven children aged from 7 to 10 years were selected from the clinic of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, Brazil, and divided into two groups: unilateral posterior crossbite (UPCB group, n = 17), and normal occlusion (NOccl group, n = 20). The PCS was determined using a visual spot-checking method. The EMG activity was recorded during mastication, and two chewing sequences of 20 s were evaluated to establish each subject's CR (cycles/sec) and CD. UPCB and NOccl groups did not have a PCS. The EMG activity and the cycle characteristics did not differ between the groups. The correlations between CD, CR and EMG activity were statistically significant for the masseter and anterior temporalis muscles only in the NOccl group, in which there was also a significant correlation between the EMG activity of masseter and anterior temporalis. In conclusion, these findings suggest that although children with and without UPCB presented a bilateral masticatory pattern with similar CR and CD, balanced EMG activity of masseter and anterior temporalis muscles was observed only in the NOccl group. These results indicate that in children, UPCB can alter the coordination of masticatory muscles during mastication.
Subject(s)
Malocclusion/physiopathology , Mastication/physiology , Masticatory Muscles/physiology , Child , Electromyography , Functional Laterality/physiology , Humans , Masseter Muscle/physiology , Temporal Muscle/physiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUÇÃO: os aparelhos expansores maxilares com cobertura oclusal têm sido sugeridos para controlar o aumento na dimensão vertical da face após a expansão rápida da maxila, porém ainda não há um consenso na literatura sobre seus reais efeitos. OBJETIVO: o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações cefalométricas verticais e anteroposteriores associadas à expansão da maxila realizada com o aparelho expansor com cobertura oclusal. MÉTODOS: a amostra foi composta por 25 crianças, de ambos os gêneros, com idades entre 6 e 10 anos, portadoras de mordida cruzada posterior esquelética. Após a expansão maxilar, o próprio aparelho expansor foi utilizado como contenção fixa. Foram analisadas telerradiografias em norma lateral tomadas antes do início do tratamento e após a remoção do aparelho expansor. CONCLUSÃO: com base nos resultados, pôde-se concluir que o uso do aparelho expansor com cobertura oclusal não alterou significativamente as medidas cefalométricas verticais e anteroposteriores das crianças.
INTRODUCTION: Bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliances have been suggested to control increases in the vertical dimension of the face after rapid maxillary expansion but there is still no consensus in the literature concerning its actual effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the vertical and anteroposterior cephalometric changes associated with maxillary expansion performed using bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliances. METHODS: The sample consisted of 25 children of both genders, aged between 6 and 10 years old, with skeletal posterior crossbite. After maxillary expansion, the expansion appliance itself was used for fixed retention. Were analyzed lateral teleradiographs taken prior to treatment onset and after removal of the expansion appliance. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, it can be concluded that the use of bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance did not significantly alter the children's vertical and anteroposterior cephalometric measurements.
ABSTRACT
This paper describes the case of a 12-year-old male patient who presented a severe lateral luxation of the maxillary central incisors due to a bicycle fall. Treatment involved suture of the soft tissues lacerations, and repositioning and splinting of the injured teeth, followed by endodontic treatment and periodontal surgery. After a 2-year follow-up, clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed that the incisors presented satisfactory esthetic and functional demands.
Subject(s)
Alveolar Process/injuries , Fracture Fixation/methods , Incisor/injuries , Maxillary Fractures/therapy , Tooth Avulsion/therapy , Bicycling/injuries , Child , Dentition, Permanent , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation/instrumentation , Humans , Lip/injuries , Male , Maxillary Fractures/complications , Multiple Trauma , Nose/injuries , Orthodontic Wires , Periodontal Splints , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to analyze the electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles of children having rapid maxillary expansion (RME) with a bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance. METHODS: The sample consisted of 27 children (mean age, 8.6 years) with posterior crossbite who required RME treatment. Electromyographic activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles was analyzed before treatment and after the appliance was removed. The mean interval between the 2 analyses was 5 months. Muscular activity was electromyographically analyzed in rest position, and with maximum voluntary dental clenching and chewing. Differences in the 2 measurements were evaluated by using paired t tests. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Electromyographic analysis showed that activity of the masseter and temporalis muscles increased significantly after the expansion appliance was removed during rest, dental clenching, and habitual chewing.
Subject(s)
Electromyography , Masseter Muscle/physiopathology , Palatal Expansion Technique , Temporal Muscle/physiopathology , Child , Dentition, Mixed , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Malocclusion/therapy , Mastication/physiology , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Orthodontic Appliance Design , Orthodontic Retainers , Palatal Expansion Technique/instrumentation , Vertical DimensionABSTRACT
This paper describes the case of a 12-year-old male patient who presented a severe lateral luxation of the maxillary central incisors due to a bicycle fall. Treatment involved suture of the soft tissues lacerations, and repositioning and splinting of the injured teeth, followed by endodontic treatment and periodontal surgery. After a 2-year follow-up, clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed that the incisors presented satisfactory esthetic and functional demands.
Este artigo apresenta o caso de um paciente de 12 anos de idade que apresentou uma luxação lateral severa dos incisivos centrais superiores decorrente de uma queda de bicicleta. O tratamento envolveu a sutura dos tecidos moles dilacerados e reposicionamento e fixação dos dentes traumatizados, seguidos por tratamento endodôntico e cirurgia periodontal. Após um acompanhamento de 2 anos, a avaliação clinica e radiográfica revelou que os incisivos apresentavam exigências estéticas e funcionais satisfatórias.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Alveolar Process/injuries , Fracture Fixation/methods , Incisor/injuries , Maxillary Fractures/therapy , Tooth Avulsion/therapy , Bicycling/injuries , Dentition, Permanent , Follow-Up Studies , Fracture Fixation/instrumentation , Lip/injuries , Multiple Trauma , Maxillary Fractures/complications , Nose/injuries , Orthodontic Wires , Periodontal Splints , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing literature about the effects of bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance (BRMEA) on vertical and sagittal dimensions, and the possible advantages of its use. Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in Medline, Pubmed, and Web of Science full-text electronic journal databases to retrieve English-language articles referring to BRMA. The inclusion criteria to initially select abstracts were: human clinical trials involving the use of BRMEA, measurements made from lateral cephalometric radiographs, no surgical treatments or clinical reports. From a total of 24 abstracts dealing BRMEA, only 7 fulfilled all inclusion criteria. After reading the full text articles, 4 remained. Results: Critical review of these papers revealed a great heterogeneity in the methodologies regarding the evaluation periods, sample characteristics, linear and angular cephalometric measurements. The studies presented on this review showed that the vertical effects are only partially controlled with bonded devices. Conclusion: There is not sufficient evidence to support the use of BRMEA to control the undesirable effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME). There is a need to study RME with BRMEA considering the patients facial patterns in order to determine whether this appliance is actually efficient in controlling the undesirable effects of RME.
