ABSTRACT
Firstly suicide and parasuicide are defined and their respective characteristics are described. Some classifications of suicide and suicidal behaviors are analysed, mainly those which emphasize the clinical aspects. Certain models which undertake to explain the suicide are briefly reviewed, namely those which see the suicide as a deviant behaviour as well as those which see the suicide as a disease. Some epidemiologic features of suicide and parasuicide in Europe are reported, with special emphasis on Portugal. Suicidal risk factors, namely biomedical, psychological, social, cultural, environmental and symptomatic are analysed. The predictive evaluation of suicide is pointed out and some suicide prevention strategies are discussed. Finally the dependence of suicide on individual life cycles, on psychological, social and cultural conditions and on cultures and societies cycles is considered.
Subject(s)
Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical data , Suicide/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Portugal/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Suicide/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/prevention & control , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Suicide PreventionSubject(s)
Adjustment Disorders/drug therapy , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Dibenzazepines/therapeutic use , Dibenzothiepins/therapeutic use , Dothiepin/therapeutic use , Mianserin/therapeutic use , Adult , Aged , Circadian Rhythm/drug effects , Dothiepin/administration & dosage , Dothiepin/adverse effects , Dothiepin/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Hypochondriasis/drug therapy , Male , Mianserin/administration & dosage , Mianserin/adverse effects , Mianserin/pharmacology , Middle Aged , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/drug therapy , Paranoid Disorders/drug therapy , Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapyABSTRACT
The effect of three anti-depressive psychotropes (Clorimipramine, Doxepine and Dibenzepine) was studied in 107 depressed patients. In each patient the mean value of twelve symptoms was evaluated and compared weekly (for 4 weeks), by statistical methods. In addition, the effect of each drug was analysed in personality stratus. A thymeretic and thymoanaleptic rapid action on 'corporality' and 'endotimic-vital' layer was found with Clorimipramine. Doxepine acts rapidly with sedative and anxiolitic actions on reactive symptoms related with personality super-structures having long term anti-depressive effects. Dibenzepine has a thymeretic rapid and intensive action and a slow thymoanaleptic effect on the same personality stratus of Clorimipramine.
