ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Emotions are theorized to contain the components of affect and action readiness. Affect guides behavior by causing an approach or withdrawal orientation. Action readiness is the individual's degree of willingness to interact with the environment. Emotions contribute to changes in behavior and physiological responses. AIM: The present study applied these notions to sexuality and examined the associations between affect, action readiness, and sexual functioning. METHODS: Participants were male patients with urologic condition (N = 70) with and without sexual problems. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Affect and action readiness were jointly assessed using the latent factor of affective polarity of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Trait affective polarity was assessed questioning generally experienced feelings. State affective polarity was assessed after exposure to an erotic stimulus and questioning momentaneously experienced feelings. Sexual functioning was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Functioning questionnaire. RESULTS: A significant increase of approach-oriented action readiness was found after erotic stimulation, relative to trait levels. In addition, significant associations were found between state approach-oriented action readiness and various aspects of sexual functioning. Interventions based on principles of positive psychology might be developed to reinforce action readiness in men with erectile dysfunction. The strength of the current research concerns the introduction of action readiness as a potential psychological factor implied in sexual functioning. Limitations pertain to the use of the algorithm used to calculate state approach-oriented action readiness and the use of the current sample of patients with urological conditions, limiting generalizability of findings. CONCLUSION: Action readiness was found to correlate positively with all aspects of sexual functioning. Further research into the role of action readiness in sexuality is recommended. Henckens MJMJ, de Vries P, Janssen E, et al. Associations of Affect, Action Readiness, and Sexual Functioning. Sex Med 2020;8:691-698.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We report our long-term experience with 119 cases of N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder. METHODS: Between March 1996 and July 2013, a total of 119 patients (102 men, 17 women) underwent cystectomy with creation of an N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder. The Clavien-Dindo classification score was used for grading early (<3 months postoperative), late, and pouch-related and non-pouch-related complications. Daytime and nighttime continence were evaluated for male and female patients separately, with patients subdivided in three groups: completely continent, use of ≤1 pad, and use of >1 pad. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 75 months (range 3-204). Early complications (15 major, 54 minor) occurred in 39.5 % of 119 patients whereas 53.1 % presented with late complications (56 major, 39 minor; 111 patients evaluated). Urinary infection and outlet obstruction were both the most frequent early and late pouch-related complications; early non-pouch-related complications were mainly infectious and gastrointestinal, and the most common late non-pouch-related problem was wound herniation. At 12 months, 96 and 60 % of the men and 84.6 and 66.7 % of the women respectively achieved daytime and nighttime continence. CONCLUSION: Complication rates of the N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder were relatively high, probably because of meticulous recording and follow-up. Daytime continence rates were better than nighttime rates. N-shaped orthotopic ileal neobladder can be a good option for urinary diversion in selected patients who undergo radical cystectomy.
