Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Arising Within a Mature Ovarian Teratoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Mature cystic teratoma is the most common kind of ovarian germ cell tumor. Malignant transformation is uncommon, with thyroid cancer rarely found. Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma has rarely been described as associated with ovarian teratomas. We report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and an ovarian mass. After surgery, the patient was diagnosed with a follicular variant papillary thyroid microcarcinoma that arose within a mature cystic ovarian teratoma. Based on the small size of the primary lesion and patient preferences, no further treatment was performed. To our knowledge, this is the third reported case of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma arising within a mature ovarian teratoma without struma ovarii. There is no consensus on the surgical approach and postoperative management of this condition. Whether further therapy with total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation may be beneficial is unknown. In conclusion, papillary thyroid microcarcinoma can also arise within mature ovarian teratomas. Although a favorable prognosis is anticipated, there is limited information about its history or prognosis.

CADASIL: comunicación de una familiauruguaya con definición clínica, imagenológica, anatomopatológica y genética molecular / Clinical, imagenology, anatomopathological and molecular genetics results for the diagnosis of CADASIL in a Uruguayan family

Introducción: el síndrome CADASIL (Cerebral Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephlopathy) es una microangiopatía no amiloidea, no ateromatosa que se transmite en forma autosómica dominante y cuyas principales manifestaciones clínicasocurren a nivel cerebral. Su diagnóstico requiere criterios clínicos, imagenológicos y genéticos moleculares.Material y método: se estudiaron anatomopatológicamente mediante biopsia de piel y músculo y estudio genético molecular a tres integrantes de una familia con diagnóstico de CADASIL.Resultados: los exámenes clínicos, paraclínicos, neurológicos y ultraestructural de biopsia de piel mostraron resultados consistentes con CADASIL. La secuenciación de exones 2,3,4,5,8,11,20,23 del gene NOTCH3 detectó una mutación en forma heterocigota en el exón 5 no descripta en la literatura.Conclusiones: destacamos la importancia del diagnóstico precoz de esta enfermedad y la definición molecular que permite el asesoramiento genético a todos los integrantes de lafamilia y, eventualmente, el diagnóstico prenatal.

Introduction: CADASIL syndrome (Cerebral Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephlopathy),the most common form of hereditary stroke disorder is a nonamyloid, non-atheromatous microangiopathy. Main clinical features are found in the brain. The disease may be diagnosed by clinical findings, images and geneticmolecular criteria.Methods: an anatomopathological analysis through a skin and muscle biopsy and molecular study was performed on three members of the same family diagnosed with CADASIL.Results: clinical, paraclinical, neurological and ultrastructuralskin biopsy study's findings were consistent with CADASIL. NOTCH3 sequence exonal analysis(2,3,4,5,8,11,20,23) suggested heterocigotic mutations in exon 5, not previously described in literature.Conclusions: we stress the importance of early diagnosis of this disease and the molecular definition that enablesgenetic counselling to all members of the family and, potentially, prenatal diagnosis of the disease.

Introdução: a síndrome CADASIL (Cerebral Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephlopathy)é uma microangiopatia não amiloidea, não ateromatosa que se transmite de maneira autossômica dominantecujas principais manifestações clinicas são observadas no cérebro. Para seu diagnóstico é necessário realizarprovas clínicas, imagenológicas e de genética molecular.Material e método: foram realizados exames de anatomia patológica e de genética molecular em biopsias depele e músculo a três integrantes de uma família com diagnóstico de CADASIL.Resultados: os exames clínicos, paraclínicos, neurológicos e ultra-estrutural da biopsia de pele mostraram resultados consistentes com CADASIL. A seqüenciação dos exons 2,3,4,5,8,11,20,23 do gene NOTCH3 detectou uma mutação em forma heterozigótica no exon 5 não descritana literatura.Conclusões: destacamos a importância do diagnóstico precoce desta doença e a definição molecular que permite o assessoramento genético a todos os integrantes da família e, eventualmente, o diagnóstico pré-natal.