ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: One of the major challenges of the Brazilian Ministry of Health is to foster interest in breast cancer screening (BCS), especially among women at high risk. Strategies have been developed to promote the early identification of breast cancer mainly by Pink October campaigns. The massive number of queries conducted through Google creates traffic data that can be analyzed to show unrevealed interest cycles and their seasonalities. OBJECTIVES: Using Google Trends, we studied cycles of public interest in queries toward mammography and breast cancer along the last 5 years. We hypothesize that these data may be correlated with collective interest cycles leveraged by national BCS campaigns such as Pink October. METHODS: Google Trends was employed to normalize traffic data on a scale from 0 (<1% of the peak volume) to 100 (peak of traffic) presented as weekly relative search volume (RSV) concerning mammography and breast cancer as search terms. A time series covered the last 261 weeks (November 2011 to October 2016), and RSV of both terms were compared with their respective annual means. Polynomial trendlines (second order) were employed to estimate overall trends. RESULTS: We found an upward trend for both terms over the 5 years, with almost parallel trendlines. Remarkable peaks were found along Pink October months- mammography and breast cancer searches were leveraged up reaching, respectively, 119.1% (2016) and 196.8% (2015) above annual means. Short downward RSVs along December-January months were also noteworthy along all the studied period. These trends traced an N-shaped pattern with higher peaks in Pink October months and sharp falls along subsequent December and January. CONCLUSIONS: Considering these findings, it would be reasonable to bring Pink October to the beginning of each year, thereby extending the beneficial effect of the campaigns. It would be more appropriate to start screening campaigns at the beginning of the year, when new resolutions are taken and new projects are added to everyday routines. Our work raises attention to the study of traffic data to encourage health campaign analysts to undertake better analysis based on marketing practices.
ABSTRACT
A extensa obra fantástica de Jorge Luis Borges tem sido lida como uma crítica contra a ciência tradicional e a lógica, como tendo repudiado a importância do indivíduo, a pressuposição da própria realidade e conseqüentemente, as formas de conhecimento que nos são acessíveis. Neste trabalho, procuramos mostrar um novo ângulo de compreensão da narrativa poética borgeana, evidenciando a capacidade dessa narrativa de apreender fenômenos culturais sob um ponto de vista científico. Apresentamos uma analogia entre a poética narrativa de Borges e a memética, sendo esta uma tentativa de interpretar a natureza humana em termos tanto de genes quanto de memes, ou seja, idéias compreendidas como padrões culturais. Embora qualquer obra literária seja veículo de idéias, acreditamos que Borges, escrevendo de forma extremamente crítica, parece estar especialmente consciente da independência das idéias, e seus personagens poderiam ser vistos como prisioneiros de labirintos de memes.
Jorge Luis Borges' extensive fantasy writings have been read as a critique of traditional science and logic and as a repudiation of the individual's importance, of the presumption of reality itself, and, consequently, of the forms of knowledge accessible to us. The article presents a new way of understanding Borges' poetic narrative, evincing this narrative's ability to grasp cultural phenomenon from a scientific perspective. An analogy is drawn between Borges' poetic narrative and memetics, the latter being an attempt to interpret human nature in terms not only of genes but also of memes - that is, ideas understood as cultural patterns. Although any literary work is a vehicle for ideas, Borges, who writes in an extraordinarily critical fashion, seems particularly aware of the independence of ideas and therefore, the article asserts, his characters can be seen as prisoners inside labyrinths of memes.
