Thyroid nodules with minimal cystic changes have a low risk of malignancy

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to determine the risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules with minimal cystic changes. METHODS: A total of consecutive 1,000 thyroid nodules (≥1 cm) with final diagnoses from twoinstitutions were included in this study. The risk of malignancy of thyroid nodules was analyzed according to the internal content, which was categorized as purely solid, minimally cystic (cystic changes ≤10%), and partially cystic (cystic changes >10%). We also assessed the risk of malignancy of nodules with minimal cystic changes depending on echogenicity and presence of any suspicious ultrasonografic (US) features. RESULTS: The overall frequency of purely solid, minimally cystic, and partially cystic noduleswas 730/1,000 (73%), 61/1,000 (6.1%), and 209/1,000 (20.9%), respectively, with risks ofmalignancy of 14.8% (108/730), 3.3% (2/61), and 3.3% (7/209), respectively. The risk ofmalignancy of nodules with minimal cystic changes was significantly lower than that of purelysolid nodules (P=0.013). The risk of malignancy of nodules with minimal cystic changes was also lower than that of purely solid nodules in the group of hypoechoic nodules (P=0.063) and in the group of nodules with suspicious US features (P=0.028), but was not significantly different from that of partially cystic nodules regardless of echogenicity or the presence of suspicious US features (P≥0.652). CONCLUSION: Thyroid nodules with minimal cystic changes have a low risk of malignancy, similar to that of partially cystic nodules regardless of echogenicity or the presence of suspicious US features. The US lexicon could define solid nodules as nodules with purely solid internal content in order to enhance the accuracy of estimated risks of malignancy.

A Case of Nasal Dermoid Sinus Cyst / 대한이비인후과학회지

Nasal dermoid sinus cyst (NDSC) is a rare congenital malformation which results from anomalous embryological development and occurs in the midline of the nose. An accurate diagnosis using CT or MRI is essential for an appropriate surgical treatment, which in some cases entails cooperation between the neurosurgeon and the oromaxillofacial surgeon. Surgical extirpation is the treatment of choice, and various surgical approaches like vertical-dorsal rhinotomy, lateral rhinotomy, transverse rhinotomy, external rhinotomy, and bicoronal flap approach have been advocated. Rut in the case of intracranial extension, the craniofacial approach is required. We report a 5-year-old girl with NDSC who was successfully managed using the external rhinoplasty approach.