Burnout syndrome: a preliminary study of a population of nurses in italian prisons.

INTRODUCTION: Burnout is a set of psychological manifestations ("emotional exhaustion", "depersonalization" and reduced "personal accomplishment") that principally affects healthcare professionals. OBJECTIVES: Analysis of the level of burnout among twelve nurses who work in two Italian prisons. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Maslach Burnout Inventory was administered. In order to explore possible correlations between the three dimensions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and such variables as age, years of service in general and years of service in prisons, multiple regression based on the ordinary least squares method (OLS model) was performed. RESULTS: The response rate was 100%, of whom 66.6% female and 33.4% male. The average age is 38.1 years. Over half of the sample had worked from 0 to 10 years in prisons (58.4%), and only one respondent had done so between 21 and 30 years (8.3%). The data indicate that the highest levels of burnout concerned the dimension of "depersonalization" (66.7%) and "personal accomplishment" (41.6%). Emotional exhaustion of nurses in carrying out their work diminished with the increase of the independent variable of "personal accomplishment" (p-value 0.0361); it increased with the increase of the age variable (p-value 0.0117). Personal accomplishment decreased with the increase of the independent variables of emotional exhaustion (p-value 0.0361) and years of service in prisons (p-value 0.0238). For depersonalization, no statistically significant coefficients were observed. Model 1 of multiple regression showed a significant statistical association between the emotional exhaustion (dependent variable) and personal achievement (p-value 0.0361), and increase in age (p-value 0.0117). Model 2 showed significant statistical association between personal achievement (dependent variable) and emotional exhaustion (p=value 0.0361) and years of service nursing in prisons (p-value 0.0238). Model 3 showed no statistical association between depersonalization (dependent variable) and the other variables. CONCLUSIONS: While twelve nurses formed this small sample, the study nonetheless indicated how the variables examined can influence the levels of burnout. Given that thorough inquiries into the levels of burnout among nurses who work in Italian prisons, specifically in the Marche Region, have yet to be conducted, this pilot study can serve as a point of reference for future research to improve evidence-based medicine.

[General complications of local anesthesia in dentistry: prevention and therapy]. / Sulle complicazioni di ordine generale dell'anestesia locale in odontostomatologia: prevenzione e terapia.

The general complications of local anaesthesia in odontostomatology are reviewed and pathogenesis and symptomatology described. Mention is then made of prevention and treatment. Conclusions refer observation in more than 150,000 cases of local anaesthesia, a line of conduct being suggested to prevent complications, from the simplest to the most complex, and consequently medico-legal responsibilities for the specialist.

[Histomorphological features of adamantinoma]. / Considerazioni sui caratteri istomorfologici degli adamantinomi.

The histomorphological features of ameloblastoma and the literature classifications of this form are examined and a personal series of 19 cases involving the mandible and 2 involving the upper jaw is presented. Cord-like and plexiform pictures were followed by follicular, cystic, cylindromatous and stellate forms in order of frequency. Death occurred in two cases of cylindromatous ameloblastoma.

[Reimplantation of a mandibular segment resected for the removal of a voluminous osteoma]. / Reinnesto di segmento mandibolare resecato per l'asportazione di voluminoso osteoma.

Total resection of the host bone for compact voluminous osteoma of the angle and ascending branch of the mandible was followed by immediate reinsertion of the unimpaired segment in its original site. Radiographical check-up 2 yrs later showed that the segment was notably atrophic and flattened, and looked like a long-standing iliac crest graft.

[Histogenesis of adamantinomas]. / Sull'istogenesi degli adamantinomi

Following some general remarks on the histogenesis of adamantinomas, the results of histological research on the periodontal tissues, the walls of dental cysts and 21 cases of adamantinomas are reported. Results back up the hypothesis that adamantinoma-like tumours may derive from epithelial residue in the periodontal tissue in the wall of dental cysts and from cystic epithelium itself. It is also shown that the basal stratum of the oral epithelium may give rise to adamantionoma-like tumours which could be regarded as adamantine baseliomas rather than as odontogenous adamantinomas proper.

[Diftalone in the prevention and therapy of inflammatory complications of dental surgery]. / Ul diftalone nella prevenzione e nella terapia delle complicazioni flogistiche della chirurgia dentaria

The capacity of diphthalone to prevent postoperative inflammation was evaluated in 46 patients who had undergone dental surgery. The drug was always administered at a dose of 1000 mg/die for 5-7 days using two different therapeutic schedules, the before and after the operation in 23 patients and only afterwards in the other half. Results were satisfactory although the most evident benefits were obtained with the first schedule, namely when treatment was commenced two days prior to operation. Tolerance was good.

[Considerations on local-regional anesthesia for ambulatory tooth extractions in patients with heart disease]. / Considerazioni sull'anestesia loco-regionale per estrazioni dentarie ambulatoriali in cardiopatici

Ambulatory dental extraction was performed on 150 patients with various forms of heart disease. No serious complications were noted with an anaesthetic without vasoconstriction (plain 3% carbocaine). The prior history was carefully studied and pressure values were determined. It is felt that heart disease does not form an absolute contraindication to ambulatory dental extraction.