ABSTRACT
Sexual harassment is a social problem that needs urgent attention to reduce its frequent occurrence. This paper is a systematic literature review (SLR) that summarizes the previous studies of sexual harassment from Islamic state universities (UIN) in Indonesia. Data were collected from the final year bachelor's theses available in the online library repository of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, UIN Walisongo Semarang, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, UIN Ar-Raniry Aceh, UIN Alauddin Makassar and UIN Raden Fatah Palembang with open-access facilities. The SLR and Meta-analysis were used to investigate the background, perpetrator-victim involvement, and resolution of sexual harassment. This research used 20 eligible and relevant theses for the study of sexual harassment have been published from 2007 to 2022. The result showed that most cases occurred in urban areas, where the perpetrators are people known to the victim, such as family members, colleagues at work, neighbors, and playmates. Therefore, the role of non-governmental organizations and local governments is very helpful for victims to form coping strategies and report criminal cases. Sexual harassment needs to get more public attention by strengthening litigation and non-litigation needs, accompanied by the provision of sexuality education for parents, children, and the community.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increasingly agonized daily lives worldwide. As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has various physical and social environments, which implies that each region has a different response to the pandemic. This study aims to analyze the spatial differentiation of COVID-19 in Indonesia and its interactions with socioenvironmental factors. METHODS: The socioenvironmental factors include seven variables, namely, the internet development index, literacy index, average temperature, urban index, poverty rate, population density (PD) and commuter worker (CW) rate. The multiple linear regression (MLR) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models are used to analyze the impact of the socioenvironmental factors on COVID-19 cases. COVID-19 data is obtained from the Indonesian Ministry of Health until November 30th 2020. RESULTS: Results show that the COVID-19 cases in Indonesia are concentrated in Java, which is a densely populated area with high urbanization and industrialization. The other provinces with numerous confirmed COVID-19 cases include South Sulawesi, Bali, and North Sumatra. This study shows that the socioenvironmental factors, simultaneously, influence the increasing of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the 34 provinces of Indonesia. Spatial interactions between the variables in the GWR model are relatively better than those between the variables in the MLR model. The highest spatial tendency is observed outside Java, such as in East Nusa Tenggara, West Nusa Tenggara, and Bali. CONCLUSION: Priority for mitigation and outbreak management should be high in areas with high PD, urbanized spaces, and CW.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , COVID-19/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Humans , Indonesia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Nuclear energy is a choice to meet the electricity needs of West Kalimantan, Indonesia to support new industrial areas. Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) require an appropriate location in terms of biogeophysical, socio-economic, and disaster considerations. This study aims to determine potential sites for NPPs using spatial-weighted multicriteria analysis. GIS and analytical hierarchical processes (AHP) were combined to produce suitable NPPs site. This study showed that West Kalimantan has a very high suitability area covering 16,321.66 Km2 (25.81 %) for NPPs. The NPPs are proposed to operate with water reactor coolants, thereby prioritizing areas of about five kilometres from the shoreline. We discovered twelve sites, but only two suitable priority sites for NPPs were found in Ketapang after overlapping with national/regional planning and the existing state. These sites will not significantly impact the environment, socio-economic, and policies, also will support electricity for the new capital region for Indonesia.
