Congenital dislocation of the hip: optimal screening strategies in 2014.

A prospective multi-centre nationwide study of patients with congenital dislocation of the hip (CDH) diagnosed after 3 months of age was conducted with support from the French Society for Paediatric Orthopaedics (Société Française d'Orthopédie Pédiatrique [SoFOP]), French Organisation for Outpatient Paediatrics (Association Française de Pédiatrie Ambulatoire [AFPA]), and French-Speaking Society for Paediatric and Pre-Natal Imaging (Société Francophone d'Imagerie Pédiatrique et Prénatale [SFIPP]). The results showed inadequacies in clinical screening for CDH that were patent when assessed quantitatively and probably also present qualitatively. These findings indicate a need for a communication and educational campaign aimed at highlighting good clinical practice guidelines in the field of CDH screening. The usefulness of routine ultrasound screening has not been established. The findings from this study have been used by the authors and French National Health Authority (Haute Autorité de Santé [HAS]) to develop recommendations about CDH screening. There is an urgent need for a prospective randomised multi-centre nationwide study, which should involve primary-care physicians.

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of the hand and wrist--a possible technique to assess skeletal maturation: methodology and data in normal youths.

Ninety five normal Caucasian subjects (51F, 44M) aged from 2 to 25 y were measured at the hand and wrist level with a small DXA system (pDEXA) in order to obtain the normal values of the bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD) and projected area (A) of carpal (c) and metacarpal (m) bones. BMDc ranged from 0.065 +/- 0.007 g/cm2 to 0.365 +/- 0.035 g/cm2 in females and 0.425 +/- 0.040 g/cm2 in males. It presented a sharp change of increase rate at 15.5 and 17 y of age in girls and boys, respectively. Ac presented the same kind of evolution as BMDc, but had a larger value dispersion. The second metacarpal bone had the highest BMCm value in 85% of females and 90% of males. The sum of BMCmi or Ami values (i = 1-5) and the projected mean density of the 5 metacarpal bones was well correlated with BMCc, Ac and BMDc, respectively (r > 0.90). A volumetric mineral density, dmi, calculated for each of these bones, approximated to a cylinder, was correlated with age (r > 0.85).

[Pulmonary adenomatoid malformation. Prenatal diagnosis]. / Malformation adénomatoïde pulmonaire. Diagnostic prénatal.

A case of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung (Type III) is presented with prenatal ultrasound findings at 21st week. Operation in neonatal period. Association with sequestration. The first healing.

Colonic granulometry in the malabsorption syndromes.

After transit through the small intestine barium enters the large intestine and its characteristics in that gut segment can be studied. The pattern of distribution of barium in the colon is always altered in patients with malabsorption syndromes. The physical basis for this alteration is analysed in a manner analagous to that used in soil mechanics. The dispersal of barium granules within the liquid-solid content of the colon is related to certain factors among which is the polarisation and electrical potential of barium particles. A technique using four radiographs which permits evaluation of barium dispersal in the colon - colonic granulometry - is described. Lastly, the authors point out the necessity of classical barium studies in identifying the rare anatomical anomalies that can be the starting point of a typical clinical coeliac syndrome.