ABSTRACT
The possible influence of 9 beta-chloro-16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (nocloprost) on the effect of 137Cs gamma irradiation was investigated comparatively in human normal fibroblasts and colon adenocarcinoma cells. By itself, the compound did not influence the proliferation of cells of either cell type or the clonogenic capacity of carcinoma cells. Moreover, nocloprost did not induce any DNA strand breakage, as evaluated by neutral elution, in cells of either cell type. A 2-h incubation with nocloprost before irradiation induced an enhancement of fibroblast survival after an exposure of 10 Gy. This protective effect was not observed in adenocarcinoma cells under the same treatment conditions. The amount of double-strand breaks induced by 50 Gy was reduced in normal cells but not in tumor cells exposed to the prostaglandin analog before irradiation. Moreover, incubation with nocloprost for 2 h after irradiation remarkably enhanced the rate of rejoining of DNA breaks in fibroblasts but not in adenocarcinoma cells. Overall, these findings indicate a specific radioprotective effect of nocloprost in normal cells and no influence of the compound on the cytotoxic effect of ionizing radiation on colon adenocarcinoma cells.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Prostaglandins F, Synthetic/pharmacology , Cell Division/drug effects , Cell Division/radiation effects , Cell Survival/radiation effects , Cells, Cultured , DNA Damage/radiation effects , DNA Repair/drug effects , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Humans , Tumor Cells, CulturedSubject(s)
Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Josamycin/pharmacokinetics , Josamycin/therapeutic use , Acne Keloid/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/classification , Administration, Oral , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Humans , Josamycin/administration & dosage , Male , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The adult volunteers were given 1 g of ceftezole as a single intramuscular dose to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of this new cephalosporin. The peak average serum concentration, reached 2 h after injection, was 22.5 micrograms/ml, and the t1/2 beta was 1.5 h; urinary recovery was over 80% within 24 h, the majority of injected ceftezole being excreted within 3 hours.
Subject(s)
Cefazolin/analogs & derivatives , Adult , Cefazolin/administration & dosage , Cefazolin/metabolism , Humans , Injections, Intramuscular , Kinetics , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The effect on bioperiodic parameters of hypertension elicited by the beta-blocking agent mepindolol, administered as a single dose of 10 mg at 8 a.m. vs 10 mg at 8 p.m., was evaluated in this study. Circadian blood pressure monitoring was performed in age-matched patients with essential hypertension after a two-week wash-out period with placebo and four weeks treatment. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two treatment groups. Standard blood chemistry and electrocardiogram were performed at the beginning and end of the treatment period. Statistical analysis of blood pressure circadian rhythm characteristics (mesor, amplitude, acrophase) showed a significant decrease of mesor of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. Values of the mesor were not significantly different between the two groups. Interestingly, changes of acrophase and amplitude induced by the drug were different in regard to the time mepindolol was administered. Side effects were generally mild.
Subject(s)
Circadian Rhythm , Hypertension/drug therapy , Pindolol/analogs & derivatives , Adult , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Male , Pindolol/administration & dosage , Pindolol/therapeutic use , Random AllocationABSTRACT
Josamycin propionate, a tasteless josamycin derivative suitable for the preparation of paediatric oral suspension, was employed in a large, multicentre clinical study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness and safety of the drug. Two hundred paediatric practitioners participated in the study, and 1908 children (mean age 5.27 years) were treated. Respiratory and pararespiratory infections were the most common diagnosis. The mean daily dose of josamycin was 53.5 mg/kg and the drug was administered for an average of 7.31 days. Josamycin proved to be a highly effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment of infections occurring in paediatric practice, with a success rate of 97.1%. The drug also showed a high degree of acceptance by the young patients and was very well tolerated: only 98 children (5.14%) developed side-effects during the treatment. However, the side-effects observed were reliably attributable to josamycin in only 10 out of 300 subjects who were not receiving other drugs; among these the frequency rate was 3.33%.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Josamycin/analogs & derivatives , Leucomycins/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Pediatrics , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Scarlet Fever/drug therapy , Whooping Cough/drug therapySubject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Leucomycins/therapeutic use , Adult , Child , Drug Evaluation , Drug Tolerance , Female , Humans , Leucomycins/adverse effects , MaleSubject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Cephalexin/administration & dosage , Cloxacillin/analogs & derivatives , Floxacillin/administration & dosage , Adult , Cephalexin/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Female , Floxacillin/adverse effects , Gastrointestinal Diseases/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/drug therapy , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Skin Diseases/drug therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapySubject(s)
Eye/metabolism , Leucomycins/metabolism , Palatine Tonsil/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Cataract Extraction , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , TonsillectomyABSTRACT
Acebutolol, a new cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, has been studied in 40 hypertensive patients (pts.) for a period of 6 months, 25 patients (group A) had never taken any antihypertensive agent, 15 pts. (group B) were previously treated with antihypertensives. This two groups are statistically different for the age (39.8 y. group A; 49.6 y. group B) for the values of basal blood pressure (BP) (175/105 mmHg group A; 197/114 mmHg group B) and for disease duration (9.9 months group A; 39.0 months group B). A significant antihypertensive response was obtained already at the 15th therapy day for the two groups, treated with acebutolol. Further, a little reduction of BP was obtained at the 3rd month going on with therapy; then the BP values showed non significant variation till the end of the study. Orthostatic hypotension were not remarked. After 3 months, acebutolol treatment 41% pts. rised diastolic BP (DBP) below 90 mmHg and 35% pts. had a DBP between 90 and 100 mmHg. The average values of heart rate have been significantly reduced after 15 days of therapy with sligh variations during the following month. The optimal mean daily dosages of the drug were obtained with titration in three months (540 mg/day group A and 740 mg/day group B). Regarding side effects rised during therapy, one patient showed "paradox hypertension" and another bradycardia which justified the interruption of the treatment. In our opinion, on the basis of the results obtained acebutolol shows a good efficacy in the treatment of hypertension and a very high tollerability.
