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Children with cancer in low- and middle-income countries were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but little is known about how adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer were affected. Sixty-seven physicians and nonphysician providers were interviewed about their experiences caring for AYAs with cancer in Latin America. Quotes related to the COVID-19 pandemic were identified and grouped into themes. Barriers from the COVID-19 pandemic included limited space, restrictions on travel, reduced funding, limited staff, limited services, and changes to treatment. However, improvements to care that arose from the COVID-19 pandemic included better access to distance learning and telemedicine.
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The growth of spoilage and pathogenic bacteria during storage represents significant losses in marketing raw milk cheeses. Thus, reducing NaCl in these products is challenging, as sodium has a critical antimicrobial role. Despite advances in non-thermal technologies, the short shelf life still limits the availability of raw goat cheese. Thus, combined preservation methods can be promising because their synergies can extend shelf life more effectively. In this context, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to variables to investigate the effect of pequi waste extract (PWE), a native Brazilian fruit, combined with UV-C radiation (CEU) and vacuum packaging (CEV) on the preservation of low-sodium raw goat cheese. CEV samples had lower loadings for Staphylococcus subsp. and Enterobacteriaceae than other treatments in PC2, having a count's reduction up to 3-fold (P < 0.05) compared to vacuum alone. In contrast, CEU showed an increase of up to 1.2-fold on staphylococcal count compared to UV-C alone. Still, the addition of PWE to UV-C-treated cheeses resulted in 8.5% protein loss. Furthermore, PWE, especially in CEV, delayed post-acidification during storage. It made CEV up to 4.5 and 1.6-fold more stable for color and texture, respectively than vacuum alone. These data strongly suggest that PWE may be a novel and promising synergistic agent in the microbial and physicochemical preservation of low-sodium raw milk cheese when combined with the vacuum.
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Introducción: La actuación de enfermería y el desarrollo de su práctica social están guiadas, de manera general, por los conceptos propuestos por las diferentes teorías y modelos de la profesión y el método científico que mediante una adecuada valoración de las necesidades afectadas contribuye al bienestar físico y psicológico del paciente oncológico. Objetivo: Identificar los referentes teóricos que sustentan la actuación de los profesionales de enfermería en el cuidado a los pacientes con cáncer. Métodos: Se efectuó una sistematización de la literatura científica en repositorios y bases de datos electrónicas en revistas nacionales e internacionales de las bases de datos SciELO, Medline, Dialnet y Scopus, sobre los sustentos teóricos que respaldan la actuación de los profesionales de enfermería en el cuidado de personas con diagnóstico médico de cáncer. Resultados: La revisión realizada permitió documentar la aplicabilidad de las teorías y modelos en el cuidado del paciente oncológico, son la Teoría de los Síntomas Desagradables, el Modelo de Promoción de Salud (MPS), la Teoría del Déficit de Autocuidado y la Teoría de la Transculturación, expuestos en las dimensiones de fatiga, actividad física, autocuidado y cuidados culturales. Conclusiones: La sistematización realizada permitió identificar algunos referentes teóricos que sustentan la actuación del profesional de enfermería en el cuidado al paciente con cáncer. Todo esto ha quedado documentado de forma tal que sirva como modelo a seguir en la asistencia al relacionar los diferentes tratamientos y los cuidados que se brindan con un respaldo científico, que se traduce en una atención de calidad(AU)
Introduction: Nursing performance and the development of nursing as a social practice are guided, in general, by the concepts proposed by the different theories and models of the profession and the scientific method that, through an adequate assessment of the affected, contributes to the physical and psychological well-being of the oncology patient. Objective: To identify the theoretical referents that support the performance of nursing professionals in the care of cancer patients. Methods: A systematization was carried out with the scientific literature from repositories and electronic databases in national and international journals of the SciELO, Medline, Dialnet and Scopus databases, about the theoretical foundations that support the performance of nursing professionals in the care of people with a medical diagnosis of cancer. Results: The review carried out allowed documenting the applicability of theories and models with respect to the care of the oncological patient: the unpleasant symptom theory, the health promotion model, the self-care deficit theory, and the transculturation theory, exposed in the dimensions of fatigue, physical activity, self-care, and cultural care. Conclusions: The systematization carried out allowed the identification of some theoretical referents that support the performance of the nursing professional in the care of the patient with cancer. All this has been documented in such a way that it serves as a model to be followed in the assistance, by relating the different treatments and care provided with scientific support, which translates into quality care(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Quality of Health Care , Culturally Competent Care/methods , Neoplasms , Nursing Care/methods , Periodicals as Topic , Self Care , ExerciseABSTRACT
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00114.].
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Despite goat milk having health benefits over cow milk, goat milk yogurt (GY) presents low consistency and viscosity, which reduces its overall acceptability by the consumer. Thus, new innovative methods can be an alternative to improve the quality of GY. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound (US) treatment with different sonication times on quality parameters of probiotic GY during refrigerated storage. US treatment was conducted at 20 KHz for 3, 6, and 9 min in yogurt. Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 were sensitive to US treatment, presenting a decrease in the yogurts stocked. This loss of viability led to reduced post-acidification due to smaller lactose metabolization in yogurt samples submitted to the US. Among tested treatments, the application of 6 min enhanced the apparent viscosity and consistency index of GY yogurts. In addition, this time also reduced tyramine and total biogenic amine (BAs) content. These findings suggest that 6 min of sonication is a promising way to improve the rheological properties and reduce the acidity and BAs content in GY. Further studies should be performed to optimize the US setting conditions to preserve the probiotic culture viability in yogurts.
Subject(s)
Probiotics/chemistry , Ultrasonic Waves , Yogurt/microbiology , Animals , Cattle , Lactobacillus acidophilus/isolation & purification , Lactobacillus acidophilus/radiation effects , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/isolation & purification , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Nowadays, green-chemistry principles offer an approach that fits to ensure chemical process sustainability by the use of low-cost renewable raw materials, waste prevention, inherent safer designs, among others. Based on this motivation, this study presents a novel methodology for sustainable process design that comprises the synthesis of a multifeedstock optimal biorefinery under simultaneous optimization of economic and environmental targets and further sustainability evaluation using the sustainability weighted return on investment metric (SWROIM). The first step of the proposed method is the formulation of an optimization model to generate the most suitable process alternatives. The model took into account various biomasses as available raw materials for production of ethanol, butanol, succinic acid, among others. Process technologies such as fermentation, anaerobic digestion, gasification, among others, were considered for biorefinery design. Once the model synthesizes the optimal biorefinery, we used environmental, safety, economic, and energy analyses to assess the process, which is a case study for north Colombia. Process simulation generated the data needed (extended mass and energy balances, property estimation, and modeling of downstream) to develop the process analysis stage via the Aspen Plus software. Results for the environmental and economic analyses showed that the assumption considered to solve the optimization problem was adequate, yielding promising environmental and economic outcomes. Finally, the overall sustainability evaluation showed a SWROIM of 27.29%, indicating that the case study showed higher weighted performance compared to the return on investment (ROI) metric of 14.33%.
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Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen that constantly threatens food safety in developed countries and underdeveloped countries such as Brazil, where it is responsible for 38% of notified cases of foodborne illness. Swine are one of the main meat-producing species that may asymptomatically carry Salmonella, periodically shedding the bacteria through feces. The state of Rio de Janeiro is not a major producer of swine meat, but small slaughterhouses are operational and produce meat for consumption within the state, although few studies have been conducted in the region. In this context, this study was designed to evaluate Salmonella contamination in carcasses, lymph nodes, feces, utensils, and the environment of three small slaughterhouses in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A total of 344 samples from carcasses, utensils, equipment, water, and the environment were collected from these slaughterhouses in the northwestern region of Rio de Janeiro. Salmonella was isolated from 36 (10.5%) samples: 10 of 48 carcasses, 19 of 96 lymph nodes, 4 of 48 fecal samples, 2 of 6 water samples, and 1 of 6 bleeding knives; 55 isolates were recovered. Serotyping revealed the predominance of Salmonella Typhimurium (20 isolates) followed by Salmonella Abony (10 isolates), Salmonella Give (7 isolates), Salmonella Heidelberg (4 isolates), and Salmonella Infantis (1 isolate). Ten isolates were only partially typeable, with only their O antigen identified, and three isolates had rough, nontypeable colonies. Despite the overall low prevalence of Salmonella in this study, all three slaughterhouses had poor hygienic and sanitary conditions, providing easy routes for carcass and, consequently, meat contamination. Thus, it is imperative to enforce sanitary inspections in these establishments and to apply good manufacture practices to assure the safety of the produced pork.
Subject(s)
Abattoirs , Food Contamination/analysis , Meat/microbiology , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Animals , Brazil , Prevalence , Red Meat , Salmonella Infections, Animal , Serotyping , SwineABSTRACT
Scientific collaboration has been studied by researchers for decades. Several approaches have been adopted to address the question of how collaboration has evolved in terms of publication output, numbers of coauthors, and multidisciplinary trends. One particular type of collaboration that has received very little attention concerns advisor and advisee relationships. In this paper, we examine this relationship for the researchers who are involved in the area of Exact and Earth Sciences in Brazil and its eight subareas. These pairs are registered in the Lattes Platform that manages the individual curricula vitae of Brazilian researchers. The individual features of these academic researchers and their coauthoring relationships were investigated. We have found evidence that there exists positive correlation between time of advisor-advisee relationship with the advisee's productivity. Additionally, there has been a gradual decline in advisor-advisee coauthoring over a number of years as measured by the Kulczynski index, which could be interpreted as decline of the dependence.
Subject(s)
Interpersonal Relations , Research Personnel , Authorship , Bibliometrics , Brazil , Earth Sciences , Humans , MentorsABSTRACT
A child with osteogenic sarcoma of the sacral spine has complex nursing and interdisciplinary team needs. The course of one patient is discussed, both from the patient and family's perspective and that of her inter-disciplinary care team. The need for a coordinated, holistic approach to care that involves advance planning, continual reassessment of goals, and clear communication among the team members and consulting services is clearly demonstrated.
Subject(s)
Osteosarcoma/diagnosis , Sacrum/pathology , Spinal Diseases/diagnosis , Child , Female , Humans , Oncology Nursing , Osteosarcoma/nursing , Osteosarcoma/physiopathology , Patient Care Team , Patient-Centered Care , Sacrococcygeal Region , Spinal Diseases/nursing , Spinal Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Los esquemas de tratamiento actuales para la mayoría de las enfermedades autoinmunes son algunas únicamente paliativos y otros muy agresivos, y provocan la aparición de efectos colaterales o secundarios que después de mucho tiempo producen nuevas molestias a los pacientes y por ello las enfermedades se hacen más severas. Esto ocurre con frecuencia en el tratamiento de las enfermedades autoinmunes, como en la Artritis Reumatoide que hasta la fecha no cuenta con un tratamiento certero ni satisfactorio que pueda "curar" la enfermedad en forma definitiva. El presente trabajo pretende dar una orientación mucho más aceptable acerca del tratamiento de la Artritis Reumatoide, con la inducción de tolerancia en animales de experimentación, como conejos y ratones, a quienes se les administró colágeno de pollo por vía intradérmica para provocar respuesta inmune humoral; y por la vía oral para inducir tolerancia. Se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios evaluados por la técnica de inumnodifusión doble, como una disminución drástica en el título de anticuerpos en los animales tratados versus los controles, donde despues de comprobar la presencia de anticuerpos a colageno, se logró inducir tolerancia en los animales administrándoles por vía oral dicho antígeno
