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1.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 33(4): 265-272, ag. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-216187

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Derivar y validar una escala basada en variables recogidas durante la llamada a un centro coordinador de urgencias (CCU) que permita estratificar el riesgo de mortalidad a 2 días en pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad por COVID-19. Método: Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientes consecutivos $ 18 años durante 3 meses, catalogados como caso sospechoso de COVID-19 después de la entrevista telefónica del CCU y que precisaron evacuación. Se analizaron variables clínico-epidemiológicas, comorbilidades y resultado de muerte a los 2 días. Se derivó una escala con las variables categóricas asociadas de forma independiente con la mortalidad a 2 días mediante regresión logística, en la cohorte de derivación. La escala se validó mediante una cohorte de validación y otra de revalidación obtenida en una provincia distinta.Resultados. Se incluyeron 2.320 pacientes (edad mediana 79 años, 49,8% mujeres). La mortalidad global fue del 22,6% (376 casos en pacientes con SARS-CoV-2). El modelo incluyó edad, localización (zona rural como variable protectora), institucionalización, desaturación, roncus, taquipnea y alteración del nivel de conciencia. El área bajo la curva (ABC) para la mortalidad a 2 días fue de 0,763 (IC 95%: 0,725-0,802; p < 0,001). La mortalidad en los pacientes de alto riesgo (> 2,4 puntos) fue del 60%. Conclusiones: La escala, derivada a través de información obtenida con datos del CCU, es aplicable a pacientes con sospecha de infección por COVID-19, estratifica el riesgo de mortalidad precoz (menos de 2 días) y puede ser una herramienta que ayude en la toma de decisiones, referidas a su evacuación, destino o vector de transporte. (AU)


Objectives: To develop and validate a scale to stratify risk of 2-day mortality based on data collected during calls to an emergency dispatch center from patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Material and methods: Retrospective multicenter study of consecutive patients over the age of 18 years with suspected COVID-19 who were transported from home over the course of 3 months after telephone interviews with dispatchers. We analyzed clinical and epidemiologic variables and comorbidities in relation to death within 2 days of the call. Using data from the development cohort, we built a risk model by means of logistic regression analysis of categorical variables that were independently associated with 2-day mortality. The scale was validated first in a validation cohort in the same province and then in a cohort in a different province. Results: A total of 2320 patients were included. The mean age was 79 years, and 49.8% were women. The overall 2-day mortality rate was 22.6% (376 deaths of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection). The model included the following factors: age, location (rural location as a protective factor), institutionalization, desaturation, lung sounds (rhonchi), and altered mental status. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for death within 2 days was 0.763 (95% CI, 0.725-0.802; P .001). Mortality in patients at high risk (more than 2.4 points on the scale) was 60%. Conclusion: This risk scale derived from information available to an emergency dispatch center is applicable to patients with suspected COVID-19. It can stratify patients by risk of early death (within 2 days), possibly helping with decision making regarding whether to transport from home or what means of transport to use, and destination. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pandemics , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Emergency Medical Dispatch , Retrospective Studies , Logistic Models , ROC Curve
2.
Emergencias ; 33(4): 265-272, 2021 08.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34251139

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a scale to stratify risk of 2-day mortality based on data collected during calls to an emergency dispatch center from patients with suspected coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective multicenter study of consecutive patients over the age of 18 years with suspected COVID-19 who were transported from home over the course of 3 months after telephone interviews with dispatchers. We analyzed clinical and epidemiologic variables and comorbidities in relation to death within 2 days of the call. Using data from the development cohort, we built a risk model by means of logistic regression analysis of categorical variables that were independently associated with 2-day mortality. The scale was validated first in a validation cohort in the same province and then in a cohort in a different province. RESULTS: A total of 2320 patients were included. The mean age was 79 years, and 49.8% were women. The overall 2-day mortality rate was 22.6% (376 deaths of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection). The model included the following factors: age, location (rural location as a protective factor), institutionalization, desaturation, lung sounds (rhonchi), and altered mental status. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for death within 2 days was 0.763 (95% CI, 0.725-0.802; P .001). Mortality in patients at high risk (more than 2.4 points on the scale) was 60%. CONCLUSION: This risk scale derived from information available to an emergency dispatch center is applicable to patients with suspected COVID-19. It can stratify patients by risk of early death (within 2 days), possibly helping with decision making regarding whether to transport from home or what means of transport to use, and destination.


OBJETIVO: Derivar y validar una escala basada en variables recogidas durante la llamada a un centro coordinador de urgencias (CCU) que permita estratificar el riesgo de mortalidad a 2 días en pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad por COVID-19. METODO: Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientes consecutivos 18 años durante 3 meses, catalogados como caso sospechoso de COVID-19 después de la entrevista telefónica del CCU y que precisaron evacuación. Se analizaron variables clínico-epidemiológicas, comorbilidades y resultado de muerte a los 2 días. Se derivó una escala con las variables categóricas asociadas de forma independiente con la mortalidad a 2 días mediante regresión logística, en la cohorte de derivación. La escala se validó mediante una cohorte de validación y otra de revalidación obtenida en una provincia distinta. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 2.320 pacientes (edad mediana 79 años, 49,8% mujeres). La mortalidad global fue del 22,6% (376 casos en pacientes con SARS-CoV-2). El modelo incluyó edad, localización (zona rural como variable protectora), institucionalización, desaturación, roncus, taquipnea y alteración del nivel de conciencia. El área bajo la curva (ABC) para la mortalidad a 2 días fue de 0,763 (IC 95%: 0,725-0,802; p 0,001). La mortalidad en los pacientes de alto riesgo (> 2,4 puntos) fue del 60%. CONCLUSIONES: La escala, derivada a través de información obtenida con datos del CCU, es aplicable a pacientes con sospecha de infección por COVID-19, estratifica el riesgo de mortalidad precoz (menos de 2 días) y puede ser una herramienta que ayude en la toma de decisiones, referidas a su evacuación, destino o vector de transporte.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/mortality , Emergency Medical Dispatch , Aged , Comorbidity , Female , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Logistic Models , Male , ROC Curve , Retrospective Studies
3.
Emergencias ; 31(3): 173-179, 2019 Jun.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31210449

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the ability of the prehospital National Early Warning Score 2 Lactate (preNEWS2-L) to predict early mortality, defined as death within 48 hours of the index event. We also explored the predictive capacity of the score for 7- and 30-day all-cause mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective, observational longitudinal study in patients attended by ambulance responders and transferred to the emergency departments of reference hospitals. We collected demographic, physiologic, clinical, and analytical data and the main diagnosis. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. RESULTS: s. A total of 707 patients were included. Thirty-seven patients (5.2%) died within 48 hours of the index event. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the preNEWS2-L score's prediction of early death was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.83-0.96). The AUCs for death within 7 and 30 days were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79-0.92) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.87), respectively, showing that the score's ability to predict death decreases by almost 10% between 48 hours and 30 days. CONCLUSION: The preNEWS2-L is a useful prognostic tool that can be assessed quickly and easily in prehospital settings.


OBJETIVO: Evaluar la capacidad de la escala Pre-hospital National Early Warning Score 2 lactate (preNEWS2-L) para predecir la mortalidad precoz (antes de 48 h) desde el suceso índice. Además, como objetivo secundario, analizar el rendimiento de la nueva escala para la mortalidad a 7 y 30 días por cualquier causa. METODO: Estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal de pacientes que son atendidos por unidades móviles de emergencias y trasladados a los servicios de urgencias de su hospital de referencia. Se recogieron variables demográficas, fisiológicas, clínicas, analíticas y de diagnóstico principal. La variable de resultado principal fue la mortalidad por cualquier causa. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 707 pacientes. La mortalidad precoz tras el suceso índice antes de las primeras 48 h fue de 37 pacientes (5,2%). La escala preNEWS2-L obtuvo un área bajo la curva (ABC) de la característica operativa del receptor (COR) de 0,91 (IC 95%: 0,83-0,96; p < 0,001), 0,86 (IC 95%: 0,79-0,92; p < 0,001) y 0,82 (IC 95%: 0,76- 0,87; p < 0,0017) para la mortalidad a 2, 7 y 30 días, respectivamente. Su capacidad de valorar la mortalidad desciende prácticamente un 10% entre el ABC-ROC a los 2 días y el ABC a los 30 días. CONCLUSIONES: La escala generada, denominada preNEWS2-L, puede ser considerada una herramienta pronóstico muy útil para ser usada en el medio prehospitalario, por facilidad de manejo, rápida obtención y capacidad de predicción.


Subject(s)
Early Warning Score , Mortality, Premature , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Area Under Curve , Biomarkers/blood , Cause of Death , Female , Humans , Lactic Acid/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , ROC Curve , Time Factors
4.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 31(3): 173-179, jun. 2019. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-182727

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Evaluar la capacidad de la escala Pre-hospital National Early Warning Score 2 lactate (preNEWS2-L) para predecir la mortalidad precoz (antes de 48 h) desde el suceso índice. Además, como objetivo secundario, analizar el rendimiento de la nueva escala para la mortalidad a 7 y 30 días por cualquier causa. Método: Estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal de pacientes que son atendidos por unidades móviles de emergencias y trasladados a los servicios de urgencias de su hospital de referencia. Se recogieron variables demográficas, fisiológicas, clínicas, analíticas y de diagnóstico principal. La variable de resultado principal fue la mortalidad por cualquier causa. Resultados: Se incluyeron 707 pacientes. La mortalidad precoz tras el suceso índice antes de las primeras 48 h fue de 37 pacientes (5,2%). La escala preNEWS2-L obtuvo un área bajo la curva (ABC) de la característica operativa del receptor (COR) de 0,91 (IC 95%: 0,83-0,96; p < 0,001), 0,86 (IC 95%: 0,79-0,92; p < 0,001) y 0,82 (IC 95%: 0,760,87; p < 0,0017) para la mortalidad a 2, 7 y 30 días, respectivamente. Su capacidad de valorar la mortalidad desciende prácticamente un 10% entre el ABC-ROC a los 2 días y el ABC a los 30 días. Conclusiones: La escala generada, denominada preNEWS2-L, puede ser considerada una herramienta pronóstico muy útil para ser usada en el medio prehospitalario, por facilidad de manejo, rápida obtención y capacidad de predicción


Objectives: To evaluate the ability of the prehospital National Early Warning Score 2 Lactate (preNEWS2-L) to predict early mortality, defined as death within 48 hours of the index event. We also explored the predictive capacity of the score for 7- and 30-day all-cause mortality. Methods: Prospective, observational longitudinal study in patients attended by ambulance responders and transferred to the emergency departments of reference hospitals. We collected demographic, physiologic, clinical, and analytical data and the main diagnosis. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 707 patients were included. Thirty-seven patients (5.2%) died within 48 hours of the index event. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the preNEWS2-L score's prediction of early death was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.83-0.96). The AUCs for death within 7 and 30 days were 0.86 (95% CI, 0.79-0.92) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.87), respectively, showing that the score's ability to predict death decreases by almost 10% between 48 hours and 30 days. Conclusion: The preNEWS2-L is a useful prognostic tool that can be assessed quickly and easily in prehospital settings


Subject(s)
Humans , Predictive Value of Tests , Early Diagnosis , Prehospital Care , Hospital Mortality , Lactic Acid , Emergency Medical Services , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Prospective Studies , Longitudinal Studies , Ambulances , Emergency Watch
5.
Intern Emerg Med ; 14(4): 581-589, 2019 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30627928

ABSTRACT

The early warning score can help to prevent, recognize and act at the first signs of clinical and physiological deterioration. The objective of this study is to evaluate different scales for use in the prehospital setting and to select the most relevant one by applicability and capacity to predict mortality in the first 48 h. A prospective longitudinal observational study was conducted in patients over 18 years of age who were treated by the advanced life support unit and transferred to the emergency department between April and July 2018. We analyzed demographic variables as well as the physiological parameters and clinical observations necessary to complement the EWS. Subsequently, each patient was followed up, considering their final diagnosis and mortality data. A total of 349 patients were included in our study. Early mortality before the first 48 h affected 27 patients (7.7%). The scale with the best capacity to predict early mortality was the National Early Warning Score 2, with an area under the curve of 0.896 (95% CI 0.82-0.97). The score with the lowest global classification error was 10 points with sensitivity of 81.5% (95% CI 62.7-92.1) and specificity of 88.5% (95% CI 84.5-91.6). The early warning score studied (except modified early warning score) shows no statistically significant differences between them; however, the National Early Warning Score 2 is the most used score internationally, validated at the prehospital scope and with a wide scientific literature that supports its use. The Prehospital Emergency Medical Services should include this scale among their operative elements to complement the structured and objective evaluation of the critical patient.


Subject(s)
Critical Illness/classification , Early Warning Score , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Patient Acuity , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Critical Illness/epidemiology , Critical Illness/mortality , Emergency Medical Services/methods , Female , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology
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