[Influence of gastroesophageal reflux on the reparative process in burn of the esophagus]. / Vliianie zheludochno-pishchevodnogo refliuksa na techenie reparativnykh protsessov pri ozhoge pishchevoda.

Experience in endoscopic examination and treatment of 282 patients with isolated and combined chemical burn of the esophagus (CBE) of different severity is presented. Endoscopic treatment, performed in combination with chemotherapy, consisted in irradiation of burn surface with low-energy laser 'Mustang' through the canal of the endoscope. The procedure was performed 3 times a week up to complete epithelization of burn ulcers. Both in primary esophagogastroduodenoscopy and in repeated examinations sphincter function of the cardia, presence and sizes of axial hiatal hernia, changes of esophageal mucosa and presence of gastroesophageal reflux were analyzed. It is demonstrated that CBE was associated with dysfunction of the cardia in more than 90% cases. Rate of erosive and ulcerous reflux-esophagitis was 24.6-34%; cicatrix stricture of the esophagus - 6.3-12.2% in isolated and combined CBE, respectively. Severity of reflux-esophagitis and its complications was determined by severity of chemical burn.

[Morphological diagnosis of the inhalation trauma and criteria of efficacy of the endobronchial laser therapy based on the biopsy material]. / Morfologicheskaia diagnostika ingaliatsionnoi travmy i kriterii éffektivnosti éndobronkhial'noi lazernoi terapii po biopsiinomu materialu.

The results of 424 biopsies obtained at fibrobronchoscopy (FBS) from 45 patients with inhalation trauma (IT) are presented. The standard and endoscopic laser treatment (ELT) have been used (24 and 21 patients, respectively). It is demonstrated that precise visual assessment of IT severity is possible under dynamic endoscopic observation only. Healing of mucous defects of the tracheo-bronchial tree was shorter in the ELT group. Morphologically, early and continuous ELT was not associated with signs of severe purulent inflammation and, therefore, produced no early additional, damage to the wall. This may explain accelerated formation of the granulation tissue at the ulcer bottom and epithelization at the margin areas.

[Possibilities of fiber bronchoscopy in complex diagnosis and treatment of inhalation injuries of the tracheobronchial tree]. / Vozmozhnosti fibrobronkhoskopii v kompleksnoi diagnostike i lechenii ingaliatsionnoi travmy verkhnikh dykhatel'nykh putei.

The treatment of patients with burn injuries of the tracheobronchial tree is a pressing problem today, because of rather high prevalence of this injury and high mortality (90%). Clinical signs during the first 24 h do not allow evaluating the severity of the injury. Based on analysis of case histories of 24 patients, the authors sum up results of complex examinations including fibrobronchoscopy, microbiological, and histological studies. Fibrobronchoscopy precisely showed the degree and extension of airway involvement in burn injuries, while accessory microbiological and histological studies help timely predict the development of pyoseptic complications. Endoscopic methods of therapy promote a more rapid reduction of inflammation and healing of erosive ulcerative involvement of the tracheobronchial mucosa.