[Changes of cytokine levels in the serum in patients with acute pancreatitis as an early symptom for diagnosis]. / Zminy kontsentratsiï tsytokiniv syrovatky krovi na hostryi pankreatyt iak rannii diahnostychnyi kryterii.

Changes of concentration of proinflammatory cytokines--tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1, growth transforming factor, granulocyte--macrophage colony stimulating factor in the blood serum of patients with probable diagnosis of an acute pancreatitis (AP) were examined. Seven days before the disease occurrence the TNF concentration rise was observed, what proved, by the authors opinion, its significance as an early diagnostic criterion for AP. Other diagnostic methods did not prove their information value in determination of the disease occurrence during the 7 day premorbid period.

[Complex of measures aimed at prevention of breast cancer]. / O komplekse profilakticheskikh meropriiatii v otnoshenii raka molochnoi zhelezy.

Comprehensive approach to prevention, detection, and treatment of pretumor diseases of mammary glands was practiced in a region of a city with 52,000 female population during 15 years. Local therapists and gynecologists were involved in the work, which resulted in 2.5 time decrease in the incidence of edematous infiltrative breast cancers, increase in the number of older patients, and decrease of mortality from 42.7 to 24.4%.

[Improved classification of x-ray images of the breast parenchyma]. / Usovershenstvovanie klassifikatsii rentgenograficheskikh izobrazhenii parenkhimi molochnykh zhelez.

Classification after J. Wolfe is the most popular classification of mammographic images of the breast to date. It distinguishes four (N1, P1, P2 and DY) types of breast parenchyma according to size of a shadow observed. P2 (subtotal) and DY (total involvement) types imply the highest risk of cancer. The study showed that criteria of the types distinguished are indistinct making it difficult to identify true high risk conditions. It is suggested that J. Wolfe's classification be detailed further, viz. conditions with and without nodular structures (N+ and N0) should be distinguished as well as types with homogeneous and nonhomogeneous non-nodular structures (P1a, P1b, P2a, P2b, etc.). The analysis of 167 mammograms of verified cancer and precancer showed the modified classification to more clearly identify various types of breast parenchyma and to more reliably define those carrying the highest risk for cancer.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of prophylactic examination for the early detection of breast cancer]. / Otsenka éffektivnosti profilakticheskikh osmotrov v vyiavlenii rannikh form raka molochnoi zhelezy.

The report deals with an experience in taking a complex of measures aimed at early diagnosis of breast cancer. The study group included 5,000 healthy females examined at a large out-patient hospital. A group at risk was found to amount to 12%. Breast cancer was detected in 17 (2.8%) members of the risk group, stage I tumor being identified in 9 cases (52.9%). Self-examination procedures as part of a complex of measures of active identification of breast tumors are discussed.