Prolonged Tpeak-Tend interval is associated with ventricular fibrillation during reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

AIM: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) during reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Dispersion of ventricular repolarization contributes to ventricular vulnerability during ischemia. Tpeak-Tend interval was proposed as a ventricular repolarization dispersion marker, however its value for prediction of reperfusion VF remains uncertain. We aimed to assess whether Tpeak-Tend before PCI in STEMI is associated with reperfusion VF. METHODS: STEMI patients admitted for primary PCI were retrospectively assessed for VF during reperfusion. Pre-PCI ECGs recorded in 40 patients with reperfusion VF (rVF group; age 65 ±â€¯13 years, 80% male) were compared with 374 consecutive patients without reperfusion arrhythmias (No-rVF group; age 67 ±â€¯12 years; 68% male). Digital ECGs were automatically processed and Tpeak-Tend interval computed on a per-lead basis. The global Tpeak-Tend was calculated between the earliest Tpeak and the latest Tend in any lead, and tested for association with reperfusion VF using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The leftward shift of Tpeak toward QRS complex in ischemic leads resulted in Tpeak-Tend prolongation. Global Tpeak-Tend in rVF group was higher than in No-rVF group (142 ±â€¯24 vs 130 ±â€¯27 ms; p = 0.007). Global Tpeak-Tend ≥ 131 ms predicted reperfusion VF (OR = 3.41; 95% CI 1.66-7.04; p = 0.001) and remained a significant predictor of reperfusion VF in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION: Tpeak-Tend interval before PCI in STEMI was an independent predictor of reperfusion VF. Our findings warrants further research aimed at prospective validation of Tpeak-Tend as a marker of periprocedural arrhythmic risk.

[Electrocardiogram in acute period of myocardial infarction: from ischemia severity and size of myocardial injury to clinical outcome].

Electrocardiogram (ECG) registered in acute period of myocardial infarction (MI) can be used not only for diagnostic purposes, but also for prediction of extent of myocardial injury and assessment of prognosis. This review covers assessment of acute ischemia in MI using Sclarovsky-Birnbaum classification and Anderson-Wilkins score, prediction of myocardial injury and necrosis size using changes of repolarization and depolarization and relation of these characteristics to clinical outcome. The importance of ECG-assessment during reperfusion, particularly using continuous ECG-monitoring, is also discussed.

Chemical analysis of ZnGeP2 as a new line of research of heterogeneity in bulk crystals.

Chemical analysis coupled with the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy is proposed as a suitable method for determination of the phase heterogeneity of bulk ZnGeP(2) crystals, which are excellent materials for non-linear infrared technique. The crystal phase heterogeneity is resulting from impurity phases ZnP(2) or Ge, which are undetectable by traditional x-ray diffraction method because of their low content. The precise analytical procedure was developed using a well characterized homogeneous ZnGeP(2) crystal as a standard reference material to analyze a series of bulk ZnGeP(2) crystals with a low content of ZnP(2) or Ge. In this case, all static (instrumental and methodical) errors of the analysis were corrected, and dispersion of the analytical results (random errors) for crystals tested was related to a spatial variation of the impurity phase content and its irregular distribution. The spread of the analytical results found for 15 independent weights of each test crystal is demonstrated graphically.

[Information-wave technologies: rationale and guidelines for their use in pediatrics].

The mechanisms of action of information-wave technologies on human beings are analyzed in detail and their use in pediatrics is substantiated. The approach using a now-frequency pulse electromagnetic field as an information factor is optimal due to the synchronization of an oscillatory process of a low-frequency pulse electromagnetic field and the rhythm of functioning of different systems of the body, which causes the bioresonance actions the function of an organ or a system.

[Hypotensive, organoprotective, and metabolic effects of Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor moexipril in women with postmenopausal syndrome].

Hypotensive, organoprotective, and metabolic effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor moexipril (7.5-15 mg/day for 16 weeks) with or without combination with hydrochlorothiazide was studied in 34 women (mean age 59.6+/-1.6 years) with postmenopausal metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Thirty four women had dyslipidemia, 22 -- disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism, 18 -- obesity (mean body mass index 31.1+/-0.8 kg/m(2)). Treatment was associated with lowering of office systolic(-20.1%) and diastolic (-17.4%) blood pressure (BP). Target BP (140/90 mm Hg) was achieved in 27 patients. There also occurred significant lowering of mean 24 hour, diurnal, and nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP (p<0.05), significant changes of values of systolic and diastolic BP time indexes, normalization of which was observed both during day and night hours. Significant lowering of total cholesterol (-11.6%, p<0.05), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (-16.3%, p<0.02), and in patients with obesity of triglycerides (-27%, p<0.02) was revealed at the background of treatment with moexipril. In a group as a whole we observed significant lowering of excretion of albumins and b2-microglobulin; most pronounced antiproteinuretic effect was noted in patients with high microproteinuria and obesity. Vasodilating function of vessels improved in all patients with postmenopausal metabolic syndrome, mainly at the account of increment of endothelium dependent vasodilation and normalization of index of vasodilatation.

[Comparative efficacy and safety of contemporary Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors moexipril and spirapril in women with postmenopausal metabolic syndrome].

Moexipril (7.4-15 mg/day) was given to 34, spirapril (3-6 mg/day) -- to 18 postmenopausal women with hypertension and metabolic syndrome for 16 weeks. Hydrochlorthiazide was added when therapy was not sufficiently effective. Both angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors had similar hypotensive activity: blood pressure normalized in 71 and 61% of moexipril and spirapril treated women, respectively. Both drugs promoted normalization of metabolism of lipid (lowering of levels of cholesterol, atherogenic lipoproteins and triglycerides) and carbohydrates (lowering of hyperinsulinemia). Patients with postmenopausal metabolic syndrome had elevation of leptin level up to 27.5+/-5.5 pg/ml. Moexipril and spirapril caused lowering of elevated levels of leptin. These drugs did not affect levels of sex hormones. They exerted vasoprotective (normalization of endothelium dependent and independent vasodilatation) and nephroprotective (attenuation and normalization of microalbuminuria) effects. Thus spirapril and moexipril are effective in treatment of hypertension in patients with postmenopausal metabolic syndrome.

[Moexipril influence on quality of life in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension].

AIM: To evaluate a hypotensive effect and metabolic neutrality and safety of ACE inhibitor moexipril in postmenopausal women with arterial hypertension (AH), influence on quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty two hypertensive postmenopausal women (age 63.1 +/- 0.8 years) received moexipril for 4 months. The history of AH was 10.4 +/- 2.3 years, on the average. After a free of drugs week moexipril was given in a dose 7.5 mg/day with titration to 15 mg in 2 weeks and addition (if the target pressure was not achieved) of hydrochlorothiaside in a dose 12.5 mg. The examination included 24-h monitoring of blood pressure, estimation of microalbuminuria (MAU), endothelial function and blood biochemistry. Initially and after 4 weeks of the treatment quality of life was assessed (scales SF-36 and EuroQol). RESULTS: The initial level of office BP was 164.33/94.50 mm Hg, in 3 months a target level was achieved (136/84 mm Hg). It persisted for the next month. Moexipril corrected endothelial function and vascular elasticity in all the patients. MAU fell from 28.28 to 8.10 mg/l. Quality of life improved. Lipid and carbohydrate changes were not registered. CONCLUSION: Moexipril has a hypotensive and nephroprotective effects, improves endothelial function and quality of life in hypertensive postmenopausal women.

[Circadian dynamics of heart rate variability in patients with paroxysmal form of atrial fibrillation].

Circadian dynamics of heart rate variability (HRV) was studied in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, with IHD and stable angina without clinically significant arrhythmia and healthy subjects of the same age. Special emphasis was placed on spontaneous changes of HRV parameters on short term ECG recordings obtained during unrestricted activity of a patient and dynamics of HRV parameters preceding nocturnal attacks of atrial fibrillation. The findings were decrease of total HRV, lowering throughout 24 hours of low and very low frequency power, and absence of circadian dynamics of characteristics of high frequency component of variability. HRV changes preceding attacks of atrial fibrillation were variable and in most cases both low and high frequency components were involved. This could evidence for participation in triggering of atrial fibrillation of both sympathetic and parasympathetic influences.

Isolation of an anti-HIV diprenylated bibenzyl from Glycyrrhiza lepidota.

The organic soluble extract from the leaves of Glycyrrhiza lepidota showed moderate activity in the US National Cancer Institute in vitro anti-HIV-1 bioassay. Chromatographic separation of this extract resulted in the identification of a new diprenylated bibenzyl as the compound responsible for the observed anti-viral activity. Extensive spectroscopic experiments provide the complete 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral assignments to support the proposed structure. Known compounds glepidotin B and glepidotin A were also isolated from the extract and shown to be inactive in the anti-viral assay.

[The pharmacological correction of recurrent immediate-type allergic reactions]. / Farmakologicheskaia korrektsiia povtornykh allergicheskikh reaktsii nemedlennogo tipa.

The effect of drugs on the early and late phases of repeated allergic reactions (RAR) was studied in experiments on rabbits. The action of the drugs was estimated by the number of challenge doses of antigen, endured by survived and dead rabbits, percentage of the animals' death, and by the place of each group on the lethality scale. Diphenhydramine, ouabain and their combinations, silver nitrate (20 mg/kg) and DOCA enhanced whereas histamine, unithiol, cholesterol, and silver nitrate (20 and 0.2 mg/kg) decreased allergization in the period of RAR. The characteristic features of the action of the drugs on RAR were revealed and compared to the first allergic reaction. Qualitative and quantitative differences were shown in the action of different drug doses and combinations on RAR. The authors provide evidence for the possibility of treating allergic diseases by drug administration in a quiet period.

[The effect of sulfur-containing preparations on the development of immediate allergization]. / Vliianie serosoderzhashchikh preparatov na razvitie allergizatsii nemedlennogo tipa.

The effects of sulfur-containing drugs and an inhibitor of sulfhydryl groups on the development of allergization of immediate type were studied. In experiments on rabbits and guinea pigs it was shown that the effects of sulfur-containing drugs depend on the dose, the stage of the allergic process. The donors of sulfhydryl groups significantly reduce anaphylactic shock and repeated allergic reactions of immediate type. The inhibitor of sulfhydryl groups produces the dose-dependent increase or decrease of the allergic reaction. The studied drugs change the dynamics of the content of sulfhydryl groups during sensitization.