Hydatid Disease Involved in the Heart, Liver, and Kidney That Caused Sudden Death: Case Report.

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation caused by ingestion of eggs of echinococcal species. For Echinococcus granulosus, the definitive host is the dog, and sheeps are the usual intermediate hosts. Humans are accidental intermediate hosts, infected by ingestion of food contaminated with eggs shed by dogs or foxes. The most common organs that hydatid disease encountered are the liver and lungs. Involvement of the kidney is rare and usually accompanies the other organ involvements. Cardiac involvement of echinococcosis is also very rare. We report the case of a 31-year-old woman with a 6-year history of asthma who collapsed after strenuous activity and died despite the interventions carried out. At autopsy, cystic masses were detected in the apex of the heart, in the right kidney, and in the liver. There were no macroscopic pathologic findings in the other organs. Microscopic examination revealed the diagnosis of hydatid cyst in the heart, right kidney, and liver besides medial hypertrophy of the lung vessels. Cause of death was attributed to hydatid cyst and its complications. Patients who have symptoms akin to asthma at clinical presentation have to be further investigated for organic cardiac and pulmonary diseases such as hydatid cyst, especially in endemic countries.

Evaluation of incest cases of Turkey in terms of DNA profiling difficulties.

We scanned suspicious 1200 paternity cases and 650 sexual abuse victims in Council of Forensic Medicine of Turkey between 2011 and 2014 and detected 50 incest cases and evaluated the forensic and genetic data of incest cases for source of DNA evidence, gender, age, SES (Socioeconomic status) and geographic location of victim, abusive person, extent of incest, pregnancy from incest and date of gestation termination and also aimed to discuss some DNA profiling difficulties. We detected incest from DNA evidences of curettage material (34%; Chorionic Villi (12%) and fetal tissue (22%)), alive baby after pregnancy (28%), sperm in vaginal swab (10%), sperm in anal swab (2%), sperm on clothing (24%) and in one case both sperm on clothing and in vaginal swab (2%). It was found that the most common incestuous relationship was elder-brother-sister incest (34%) and the second most common relationship was father-daughter incest (28%). The rarest incest was mother-son incest with only one reported case (2%). Forty-three victims (86%) were younger than 18 years old and 7 victims (14%) were older than 18 years old. Thirty-eight cases described full sexual intercourse and 31 of them culminated in pregnancy and 14 of them gave birth at the end of pregnancy. We had paternity rejection problem 3 (10%) of 31 incest cases between tested genetically related alleged fathers. Totally 20 STR loci did not discriminate the alleged fathers in two cases and we treated this problem increasing the number of STR loci and finally got the discrimination. In one case we detected same triallelic variant pattern at the same D3S1358 STR locus in both tested parents but child had not got STR variant; had only two alleles at this loci. We then evaluated the peak height values of STR variant alleles of tested persons and concluded a tetra-allelic baby without any STR incompatibility of 15 STR loci. Finally, forensic experts should aware of some DNA profiling difficulties while analyzing paternity incest cases due to increasing intra familial allelic share. We suggested that first try increasing the number of compared STR loci and secondly use alternative genetic markers and also be careful while evaluating triallelic STR variants.

Facial emotion recognition in male antisocial personality disorders with or without adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate facial emotion recognition abilities in violent individuals with antisocial personality disorder who have comorbid attention deficient hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or not. METHOD: The photos of happy, surprised, fearful, sad, angry, disgust, and neutral facial expressions and Wender Utah Rating Scale have been performed in all groups. RESULTS: The mean ages were as follows: in antisocial personality disorder with ADHD 22.0 ± 1.59, in pure antisocial individuals 21.90 ± 1.80 and in controls 22.97 ± 2.85 (p>0.05). The mean score in Wender Utah Rating Scale was significantly different between groups (p<0.001). The mean accurate responses to each facial emotion between groups were insignificant (p>0.05) excluding disgust faces which was significantly impaired in ASPD+ADHD and pure ASPD groups. Antisocial individuals with attention deficient and hyperactivity had spent significantly more time to each facial emotion than healthy controls (p<0.05) while pure antisocial individual had more time to recognize disgust and neutral faces than healthy controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Study of complex social cognitive abilities in adults with ADHD and violent behaviors is lacking. This study is the first, investigating the differences according to social cognition cues in violent individual that revealed no significance within pure antisocial individuals and antisocial individuals with ADHD.

Psychopathy and facial emotion recognition ability in patients with bipolar affective disorder with or without delinquent behaviors.

BACKGROUND: It is well known that patients with bipolar disorder are more prone to violence and have more criminal behaviors than general population. A strong relationship between criminal behavior and inability to empathize and imperceptions to other person's feelings and facial expressions increases the risk of delinquent behaviors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the deficits of facial emotion recognition ability in euthymic bipolar patients who committed an offense and compare with non-delinquent euthymic patients with bipolar disorder. METHOD: Fifty-five euthymic patients with delinquent behaviors and 54 non-delinquent euthymic bipolar patients as a control group were included in the study. Ekman's Facial Emotion Recognition Test, sociodemographic data, Hare Psychopathy Checklist, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale were applied to both groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between case and control groups in the meaning of average age, gender, level of education, mean age onset of disease and suicide attempt (p>0.05). The three types of most committed delinquent behaviors in patients with euthymic bipolar disorder were as follows: injury (30.8%), threat or insult (20%) and homicide (12.7%). The best accurate percentage of identified facial emotion was "happy" (>99%, for both) while the worst misidentified facial emotion was "fear" in both groups (<50%, for both). The total accuracy rate of recognition toward facial emotions was significantly impaired in patients with delinquent behaviors than non-delinquent ones (p<0.05). The accuracy rate of recognizing the fear expressions was significantly worse in the case group than in the control group (p<0.05). In addition, it tended to be worse toward angry facial expressions in criminal euthymic bipolar patients. The response times toward happy, fear, disgusted and angry expressions had been significantly longer in the case group than in the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study is the first, searching the ability of facial emotion recognition in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder who had delinquent behaviors. We have shown that patients with bipolar disorder who had delinquent behaviors may have some social interaction problems i.e., misrecognizing fearful and modestly anger facial emotions and need some more time to response facial emotions even in remission.