A randomized clinical trial: timing of indwelling urethral catheter removal following transurethral resection of prostate.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate early versus delayed removal of the indwelling urethral catheter (IUC) following transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Methods: In this clinical trial conducted between July 2016 and June 2020, 90 patients underwent TURP were randomized equally into: group A, early IUC removal (24 h), and group B, delayed IUC removal (72 h). Results: The mean length of hospital stay was longer among the patients in group B. There were no significant differences in recatheterization, secondary bleeding, or UTI between groups A and B. The mean VAS score and CRBD were higher in group B. Conclusion: Early IUC removal following TURP is safe approach with favorable clinical outcomes. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT04363970 (clinicaltrials.gov).

Urethral catheter insertion is an important step after prostate surgery. It may cause urinary infection and distressing symptoms. In this study we evaluated early versus delayed catheter removal, and we found that early IUC removal is safe approach with favorable clinical outcomes.

For patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate due to benign prostate hyperplasia, early urethral catheter removal after 24 h is safe approach with favorable clinical outcomes.

Does post-void residual urine volume affect potential recurrence risk for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer?

Aim: Bladder cancer is the second most common urological malignancy after prostate cancer. Increase in the post-void residual (PVR) volume may result in an increase in the risk of cancer recurrence. Methods: Patient demographic data, tumor stage and grade, PVR volume and 2 years follow-up data for recurrence were obtained and evaluated. Results: One-hundred-and-nineteen patients were subdivided into three groups according to PVR urine volume. The increase of PVR volume was related to short recurrence-free survival (RFS) especially for patients with PVR volume of 60 ml or more. Conclusion: Low PVR volume in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer may play a role in reducing cancer recurrence. However further research is needed in this field.

Aim: Bladder cancer is the second most common urological malignancy after prostate cancer. Increase in the post-void residual (PVR) volume may result in an increase in the risk of cancer recurrence. Methods: Patient demographic data, tumor stage and grade, PVR volume and 2 years follow-up data for recurrence were obtained. Results: The increase of PVR volume was related to short recurrence-free survival (RFS) especially for patients with PVR volume of 60 ml or more. Conclusion: Low PVR volume in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer may play a role in reducing cancer recurrence. However further research is needed in this field.

Preference of and factors that influence future specialty among medical students in Jordan: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Choosing future specialty is an important issue that face undergraduate medical students during their university years. Several factors may assist to formulate students' final decision. We aimed to explore the future specialty preferences and the factors that influence the choice of undergraduate students in medical schools in Jordan. METHODS: A cross sectional study conducted among the sixth year students of two medical schools in Jordan. A questionnaire was used to collect data from the students. It consisted of demographic data in form of gender, GPA, family income, and parents' level of education. In addition to data about preferred specialties, and factors that influence medical students' choice of future specialty. RESULTS: A total of 223 medical students from two medical schools were recruited to participate. Males were 49.3% while females were 50.7%, and around 22% scored an excellent GPA. Most parents of the students were bachelor degree holders (63.6% for fathers and 62.3% for mothers). Medicine (19.4%), dermatology (12.6%), and obstetrics and gynecology (11.7%) were the most chosen future specialties. Specialty appeal and thoughts of future creativity was the most chosen factor that influenced future specialty (55.2%) choice, followed by family time and less on-call duties (14.8%). Students who selected chances of fellowships as an influencing factor were more likely to prefer medicine as future specialties (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Medicine, dermatology, and obstetrics and gynecology were the most popular future specialty choices among undergraduate medical students. Most of our medical students claimed that selection of their specialty is based on the interest and potential creativity, family time and less on call duties. Further studies are required in a wide range to accommodate more students from the other academic years.

Functional Balance and Gait Characteristics in Men With Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare gait characteristics and functional balance Babilities in men with LUTS secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to those of community-dwelling older adults under different conditions of increasing difficulties, and to aid health-care providers to identify those patients with decreased level of activity and increased risk of falls. We recruited a group of 43 men diagnosed with symptomatic BPH and a control group of 38 older men. Participants performed the timed up and go and 10-m walking tests under different conditions-namely, single task, dual-task motor, and dual-task cognitive. Time to complete the tests and spatial and temporal gait parameters were compared between groups and conditions via mixed-design ANOVA. Under dual-task conditions, individuals in both groups performed significantly worse compared to the single functional balance and walking tasks. As the complexity of the walking task increased-from dual-task motor to dual-task cognitive-significant differences between groups emerged. In particular, men with BPH performed worse than older adults in tasks demanding increased attentional control. Results suggest that dual-task decrements in functional balance and gait might explain decreased level of physical activity and increased risk of falls reported in men with LUTS. Health-care providers for men with LUTS due to BPH should assess for abnormal gait and remain vigilant for balance problems that may lead to decreased mobility and falls. The dual-task approach seems a feasible method to distinguish gait and balance impairments in men with BPH.

Antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections in children in Jordan.

Background: Most acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children are due to viral etiology; however, over-prescribing of antibiotics for ARIs is common. The aim of this investigation was to identify antibiotic prescribing prevalence for children with ARIs and to identify predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing. Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional study in a sample of ambulatory care settings in Jordan. Children (<18 years) presenting with ARIs were assessed in terms of patient's demographics, antibiotic prescription and clinical diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription. Results: Antibiotics were prescribed for 78.4% (4575/5829) of children with ARIs. Antibiotic prescription for ARIs for which antibiotics are not indicated was 69.2% (2688/3883). Broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription occurred in 51.1% (2337/4575) of all antibiotic-prescribed participants. Some of the predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescription were: otitis media (OR 4.93 [95% CI 3.44-7.14]), tonsillitis (OR 6.03 [95% CI 4.39-8.33]), age 0-5 years (OR 1.17 [95% CI 1.02-1.38]) compared to age 6-12 years, fever (OR 2.14 [95% CI 1.78-2.59]), outpatient setting (OR 73 [95% CI 2.17-3.42]) and military sector (OR 2.29 [95% CI 1.82-2.90]). Conclusions: Antibiotic prescribing is high and often inappropriate. Predictors of broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing were identified. Health policy initiatives should involve all stakeholders to minimize inappropriate antibiotic prescription and to prevent poor outcomes associated with such practice.