[A rare case with excessive congenital arterio-venous angiodysplasy of the upper extremity].

The congenital vascular anomalies of an upper extremity are rare, but may cause serious complications during them development and haemodynamic. We present a case of one patient with congenital arterio-venous malformation of the right arm and fore-arm, advanced and progressed by impossible level of an operation or invasive treatment. The changes in the venous system are with obligate predisposition for dyabrosis, rupture and profuse bleeding from the extremity. The problems by the complex treatment of the congenital arterio-venous vascular diseases are considerable, in spite of all that the lower frequency and manifest expression to them, in particular in the cases with polyorgans comorbidity.

[Vascular complications of Baker's cyst].

The presence of Baker's cyst is clinically demonstrated as compression syndrome of the vessels and nervous stem in the popliteal area. This result frequent in deep venous thrombosis, nervous injuries and blood flow insufficiency distal to the compression site. We present two cases of compression stenosis of the popliteal vessels, clinically manifested. The patients underwent surgical decompression and cystic removal, thus leading to arterial perfusion and/or venous derivation improvement of the lower extremity.

[Profundoplasty in patients with chronic thrombosis of the superficial femoral artery not suitable for distal revascularization].

The deep femoral artery is the main source of blood supply to the leg and foot when the superficial femoral artery is occluded. In this situation, the geometry of the trunk of the deep femoral artery represents a stenosis of 50 per cent interposed between the common femoral artery and the collateral circuit of the deep femoral artery. Intimal thickening of only 0,5 and 1,0 mm increases this anatomic stenosis to 64 and 76 per cent, respectively. Beyond the trunk, the cross-sectional area of the deep femoral artery circuit increases at each arterial division. Any reconstruction of the deep femoral artery intended to increase its inflow must extend down to at least it's first important bifurcation if it is to overcome this trunk "stenosis" and to carry out an anatomic bypass alone. This requirement explains the effectiveness of proper reconstruction of the deep femoral artery in avoiding or delaying amputation in patients with ischemic symptoms and occlusion of the superficial femoral artery who are not candidates for femoropopliteal reconstruction. In this case the absence of high grade stenosis is not a contraindication. The goal of our study was to evaluate the significance and the future perspectives of profundaplasty.

[Analysis of the results of femoro-popliteal arterial bypasses depending on the clinical stage of disease].

The strategy of treating infra inguinal arterial lesions according to the clinical Fontaine stage is very difficult and complicated. Critical limb ischemia is considered a strong indication for revascularization without delay. It is still not clear what operative treatment should be chosen for patients in Fontaine stage II. Early femoro-popliteal bypass reconstruction is a new practical doctrine and the wise alternative before the onset of severe and irreversible changes in the peripheral arterial vessels and the microcirculation. This conception takes a very important part in the evaluation of the long-term perspective of patients.