Oral health status and associated factors among 12 to 15-year-old Chinese adolescents in Southeast China: A cross-sectional study.

This study assessed oral health conditions and associated factors (including sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported oral health-related behaviors) among Chinese adolescents. This cross-sectional study enrolled 3840 adolescents aged 12 to 15 years from 12 middle schools in Foshan, Southeast China, in 2016, using multistage, stratified cluster sampling. Participants underwent a clinical oral examination and completed a questionnaire. The prevalence of dental caries, probe bleeding, and calculus was 37.6%, 46.2%, and 39.7%, respectively; the mean decayed/missed/filled teeth index was 0.86 ±â€…1.58. A mean of 2.09 ±â€…3.65 and 1.85 ±â€…3.52 teeth showed probe bleeding and calculus, respectively. Only 0.3% and 0.1% of adolescents aged 15 years had periodontal pockets (depth ≥ 4 mm) and attachment loss, respectively, which were most common in tooth positions 46 and 36 (Federation Dentaire International 2-digit system). Regarding oral health-related behavior, 49.1% of the participants failed to brush their teeth at least twice daily, 98.5% never or rarely used dental floss, and 58.7% reported middle-high frequency sugar consumption. Older age, female, administrative region, maternal education lower than university, brushing teeth less than twice daily, flossing less than once daily, and frequent sugar consumption were significant risk factors of caries. Older age, female, administrative region, brushing less than twice daily, and flossing less than once daily significantly increased periodontal risk. Despite the overall low prevalence of adverse dental conditions among adolescents in Foshan, their oral hygiene habits were undeveloped. Thus, their identified risk factors need close monitoring, and families, schools, communities, and the government should jointly promote adolescents' oral health.

Palliative care and Chinese medicine in a centenarian with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 27-month follow-up: A case report.

The number of centenarians with cancer is increasing as the global population ages. The diagnosis and treatment for centenarians with tumor sometimes are specific, and there are currently less appropriate guidelines as references. We report a 104-year-old man with asymptomatic primary liver cancer (PLC) whose family decided to receive conservative and palliative care. The patient has been followed up for 27 months. He has been mainly received Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), nutritional support and thymalfasin injection intermittently, etc. During the 27-month follow-up, the patient has showed good compliance and tolerance without any complications of the tumor. Conclusion: Individualized palliative care and complementary medicine, based on multidisciplinary evaluation, traditional Chinese medicine, consultation with patients and their families about treatment options, etc., may help improve the life quality of centenarians with end-stage tumors.

[Effects of Isorhapontigenin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice].

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of isorhapontigenin (ISO) in the protection of mice from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods RAW264.7 cells were cultured in vitro with different concentrations of ISO and the viability of the cells was measured by CCK-8 assay.Further,RAW264.7 cells were induced with 200 ng/ml LPS and then treated with ISO and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA).Western blotting was employed to determine the expression of inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1ß,IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),P65,phospho-P56 (p-P65),IκB,phospho-IκB (p-IκB),inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),and high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)] and autophagy markers (LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ,Beclin1,and P62).The reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of the cells was measured with the DCFH-DA probe.The mouse model of ALI was established by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (15 mg/kg).The pathological changes of the lung tissue were observed via HE staining.The expression of inflammatory cytokines and autophagy markers in the lung tissue was determined by Western blotting and the content of ROS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by flow cytometry. Results ISO down-regulated the expression of IL-1ß,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS,COX-2,and HMGB1 and inhibited the ROS production in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells (all P<0.05).Furthermore,it promoted the expression of LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ and Beclin1 and inhibited the expression of P62,thereby activating autophagy (all P<0.05).However,the addition of 3-MA up-regulated the expression of p-P65/P65,p-IκB,iNOS,COX-2,and HMGB1,down-regulated that of IκB (all P<0.001),and promote the production of ROS.ISO mitigated the pathological changes in the lung tissue of ALI mice.It down-regulated the expression of p-P65/P65,p-IκB,iNOS,COX-2,and HMGB1 and up-regulated that of IκB in the lung tissue (all P<0.001) and decreased the ROS production in BALF.However,such protective effect was reversed by 3-MA. Conclusion ISO may induce autophagy of macrophages to protect mice from LPS-induced ALI.

Oral health-related quality of life and associated factors of Chinese adolescents in Foshan City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate oral health related quality of life and associated factors of adolescents between 12 and 15 years old, and to provide countermeasures and suggestions for oral health promotion of adolescents.@*Methods@#This cross-sectional study recruited 3 840 adolescents aged 12-15 through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The oral clinical examination and oral health questionnaire were conducted. Descriptive analysis, non-parametric testing and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the oral health-related quality of life and associated factors.@*Results@#Oral problems showed moderate to severe impact on quality of life,especially on eating (27.1%). Ordinal Logistic regression analysis showed that low sugar intake frequency, few teeth with gingival bleeding, no history of dental pain in the past 12 months,no history of tooth injuries, and administrative region of residence (Nanhai, Shunde) were associated with higher oral health-related quality of life,(OR=0.6-0.8，P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The oral health-related quality of life of adolescents in Foshan was slightly better than the average national level. It is recommended to accurately formulate and ensure the full implementation of oral public health measures based on the comprehensive analysis of the local area, and combine various efforts to strengthen education on reducing excessive intake of sugar, prevent gingival bleeding, relieve and treat toothache in time, pay attention to adolescents with histories of dental trauma, and update the concepts of receiving oral health examination for the adolescents themselves, parents and teachers, and help adolescents develop the habit of regular oral examinations.

An extensive DeBakey type IIIb aortic dissection with massive right pleural effusion presenting as abdominal pain and acute anemia: particular case report.

We describe the case of a 79-year-old male presented with sudden onset of abdominal pain and mild breathlessness, and complicated acute progressive anemia with haemoglobin which declined from 120 g/L to 70 g/L within five days. An urgent computed tomography angiography showed acute thoracic aortic dissection, DeBakey type IIIb, a dissecting aneurysm in the proximal descending thoracic aorta starting immediately after the origin of the left subclavian artery and extending distally below the renal arteries with evidence of rupture into the right pleural cavity for massive pleural effusion. Plasma D-dimer, brain natriuretic peptide and C reactive protein level were elevated. Our case showed that D-dimer can be used as a 'rule-out' test in patients with suspected aortic dissection. A raised BNP may exert a protective role through anti-inflammatory endothelial actions in the systemic circulation.