ABSTRACT
Research in the field of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) has been organized, and has profoundly transformed the quality of life of apneic patients, while even inviting dentofacial orthopedists to contribute to their symptomatic treatment. However, among the points still to be elucidated, the initial cause of the snoring that destabilizes the pharynx occupies a place apart. The objective of this article was to develop the proposal by Jacques Talmant regarding a mechanism capable of explaining the onset of OSA and for a therapy to treat pharyngeal destabilization during sleep. Based on published data, the etiopathogenesis of snoring and its consequences are described. Structural changes secondary to the vibratory trauma caused by snoring can affect each component of the pharyngeal structures and contribute to the collapsibility of this airway segment. By directly optimizing the development of ventilatory capabilities in their patients, orthodontists contribute, indirectly, to optimizing their cardiovascular and neuropsychological functions.
ABSTRACT
Iatrogenic effects of orthodontic forces, in particular root resorption, are described in the literature. However, our knowledge on the risk of osseous defects induced by orthodontic treatment is still scarce. After an overview of histological and biological principles of orthodontically-induced tooth movement, this study focuses on the recent data concerning the occurrence and the treatment of bone resorption associated with orthodontic treatment.
Subject(s)
Iatrogenic Disease , Tooth Movement Techniques/adverse effects , Alveolar Bone Loss/etiology , Alveolar Bone Loss/pathology , Biology , Humans , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Periodontal Diseases/pathology , Periodontal Ligament/pathology , Root Resorption/etiology , Root Resorption/pathology , Stress, MechanicalABSTRACT
Data acquired by means of color Doppler ultrasound very explicitly suggest what the role of the fetal ventilation and nasal capsules in the morphogenesis of the maxillary prognathism, turbinates, nasal valves and nasopharynx could be. Furthermore, the dysmorphologies observed in Apert or Crouzon craniosynostosis, achondroplasia or unilateral cleft lip would also testify that the influence of the fetal ventilatory dynamics goes beyond the limits of the face and extends to the cranial base and the cranium. The wealth of raised hypothesis thanks to the contribution of this imaging system could question the validity of some conceptions of the fetal craniomaxillary morphogenesis.
