ABSTRACT
We present a case of Nd:YAG laser treatment of nearly total airway obstruction by malignant tumor in which an endobronchial fire occurred. The patient survived without complications of the fire and was followed-up until death over 22 months after the fire. The events leading to the fire are presented and recommendations provided to prevent similar occurrences.
Subject(s)
Bronchi/injuries , Fires , Intraoperative Complications , Lasers/adverse effects , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Humans , Laser Therapy , Light Coagulation , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Palliative Care/methodsABSTRACT
The first case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the frontal sinus is reported. The aggressive nature of the tumor despite its relatively benign histologic pattern and value of electron microscopy are emphasized. Ultrastructural examination reveals a progression of several principal cell types, lending support to the multi-potent mesenchymal cell origin of these malignancies. These cells may have arisen from the supporting stroma of the ectodermally derived respiratory epithelium of the paranasal sinuses. Wide local excision is currently the primary mode of therapy. The value of radiation therapy or chemotherapy in this tumor in unproven.
Subject(s)
Frontal Sinus , Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
Instrumented anthropomorphic dummy surrogates of humans have been used in automobile occupant crash protection research and development programs for many years. Lower leg instrumentation provides the safety engineer with a valuable tool for gaining otherwise unavailable insights into occupant restraint system performance. Instrumentation described in this paper constitutes an advancement of the state of the art of dummy test technology. A more comprehensive study of crash victim leg loadings is possible with only the traditional femur (upper leg) axial force transducer. Each lower leg has five electrical resistance strain gage circuits to monitor orthogonal bending moments and axial force. Stress analysis and Wheatstone bridge theories are combined in the paper to define strain gage locations and predict transducer sensitivities. Transducer fabrication and calibration precedures are also discussed.
