Effect of diabetes self-management education on health-related quality of life of Tunisian children with type1 diabetes mellitus and their parents: A randomized controlled trial.

AIM: To assess the effect of diabetes self-management education (DSME) on health related quality of life (HRQoL) of Tunisian children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their parents. METHODS: This monocentral study used a randomized controlled trial design, during five-month intervention and five-month follow-up and including 110 patients (54 in the DSME intervention group and 56 in the Individual Education by Pediatrician (IEP) control group) and their parents. Pediatric Generic Core Quality-of-Life Inventory 4.0-Scale (PedsQL4.0) evaluated HRQoL. RESULTS: At baseline, both groups had similar clinical features and PedsQL4.0 scores (p>0.05). In DSME, clinical outcomes were significantly improved from baseline to follow-up (p<0.001), while in the IEP group, which received no intervention, these outcomes remained unchanged. During follow-up, DSME showed higher PedsQL4.0 scores in parents' proxy-report and children/adolescents self-report (p<0.001). According to parents' proxy-report, PedsQL4.0 scores were significantly higher during follow-up compared to baseline in DSME (p<0.001) while they remained the same in IEP (p>0.05). DSME had higher percentage of change in the PedsQL4.0 scores than IEP (p<0.01). The median change varied from -5.01% to 0% vs 5.41% to 36.36% in IEP and DSME, respectively. CONCLUSION: Encouraging healthcare professionals to incorporate these interventions could enhance the HRQoL of diabetic children and bolster their self-esteem.

Self-Reported Smoking Status 10-Months After a Single Session Intervention Including an Education Conference About Smoking Harms and Announcement of Spirometric Lung-Age.

BACKGROUND: Studies investigating the effects of announcing spirometric lung-age (SLA) on the smokers' self-reported smoking status reported conflicting results. MAIN OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a single session intervention including an education conference about smoking harms and announcement of SLA on the participants' self-reported smoking status. METHODOLOGY: An interventional study was conducted in a cable factory. The intervention included four steps: PowerPoint presentation about raising smoking hazards awareness; general questionnaire; measurement of the anthropometric and spirometric data, and announcement of SLA; and evaluation of the smokers' self-reported smoking status 10 months later (quitted smoking, decreased consumption; stable consumption, increased consumption). RESULTS: Thirty-six smokers completed the four steps. Ten months after the intervention, 11.1% of smokers quitted smoking, 52.7% decreased their consumption by 7 ± 4 cigarettes/day, 30.5% kept a stable consumption, and 5.5% increased their consumption by 9 ± 6 cigarettes/day. CONCLUSION: Providing an education conference combined with announcing SLA motivated 64% of smokers to quit smoking or to reduce their cigarette consumption.