A STUDY OF ADAPTIVE REACTIONS OF THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM IN PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STRESS CONDITIONS.

The article presents modern data on the physiological mechanisms study of the stress resistance development, which occurs in medical students in the dynamics of studying in higher educational institution in junior courses (1-3 courses). The adaptive reactions of the cardiorespiratory system in conditions of psychoemotional load were studied. Results showed that development of adaptation syndrome in those conditions greatly depends on speed of formation and intensity level of intersystem integration in cardiorespiratory system. That relation is revealed most of all on the background of physical activity (load on bicycle ergometer to the full). The variability of stages of adaptation development was found out. In first group of students the first stage of adaptive syndrome is characterized by activation of non-specific adaptive mechanisms (1st year of studies), that is naturally replaced by second stage - specific adaptive reactions, when the intellectual work capacity increases on the background of rationalization of its autonomic supply. In second group of students the second variant of adaptation development occurs - non-specific adaptive mechanisms (1st stage) on the 2nd year of study are changed by the stage of specific adaptation (2nd stage), that is accompanied by excessive psychophysiological indexes. On the 3rd year of study it leads to the depletion of adaptive capabilities (3rd stage). In third group of students the stage of activation of non-specific adaptive mechanisms was rapidly changed by their depletion, that was accompanied by decrease of intersystem integration and intellectual workability. Therefore, the formation of adaptive optimum occurs only in 40% of students. The majority (60%) of students-young women show either the initially insufficient adaptive capabilities, or excessive adaptation. Both insufficient and excessive adaptation naturally leads to psychological and autonomic disorders followed by appearance of psychosomatic neurotic manifestations. The prospects of future research from our point of view should lie in further investigation of gender peculiarities of adaptive reactions development up to psycho-emotional stress that develops in conditions of studying in university. That will make an opportunity to reveal the features of mechanisms of resistance formation depending on gender.

IMPACT OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ON PATIENTS' COMPREHENSION OF HEALTHCARE.

Modern medical practice require close communication both doctors and patients. Development of medicine, especially seen in past decades, promoted changes in medical procedures and documentation, i.e. development of more accurate and valuable informed consent, which is an important part of treatment or diagnostic process. On the other hand, novel researches and achievements in medicine brought new terminology, descriptions and widened medical language, which complicated understanding of information both by practitioners (in any field, including psychiatry), and by patients. Clear understanding of information during diagnostic and treatment process by patients is considered an important factor of success, because researches show increasing of anxiety, depression and indifference, and decrease of involvement of patients in case of incomprehension or misunderstanding of medical information. At the same time, correct insight of information leads to improvement of patient-doctor relationships and is considered as a stimulus to reduction of morbidity and mortality and misuse of health care. Literature analysis have shown both various causes of this and ways to solve this existing problem. Most common ideas include lack of comprehension, low medical literacy and complexity of medical language. Some authors insist on existence of "medical sublanguage", due to plenty of terminology, synonymic words and constructions, which can completely replace "normal" language in some situations. Despite this development, cultural, geographical and historical influence still brings confusion in terminology. Variety of terms, which describe the same structure or process, variety of eponyms, which differ from country to county, frequently bring confusion, especially in patients, who are usually not conceived on what can the information be about. Moreover, in situation of high mobility, those geographical and cultural medical peculiarities are able to confuse even practitioners. This led to development of several classification systems and tools in attempt to equate and classify terminology.