[The regulatory effect of mexidol on the hemoglobin level under acute stress conditions].

Experiments on a group of 39 Wistar albino male rats showed that, 2 and 5 days after a model acute stress procedure, the total amount of erythrocytes is increased. This process is accompanied by a hypochromia of red cells and by a decrease in the concentration of serum iron. Single administration of mexidol (100 mg/kg) before stress induction prevents changes in the amount of blood erythrocytes, as well as in their saturation with hemoglobin. Mexidol also prevents a decrease in the level of serum iron. The drug does not influence the hematological parameters and iron concentration in blood serum of intact animals 2 and 5 days after injection.

[The effect of mexidol on the process of glycolysis in rats under acute stress conditions]. / Vliianie meksidola na protsessy glikoliza pri ostrom stresse.

Pretreatment with mexidol (100 mg/kg) protected white male rats (n = 29) under the conditions of acute (3 h) immobilization stress. This was evidenced by monitoring of the levels of glucose, pyruvic, and lactic acid in the rat brain, liver, spleen, thymus, and blood serum. In both brain and peripheral organs, mexidol the shifted the equilibrium toward pyruvate--an energetically more favorable substrate of enzymatic oxidation.

[Pharmacological activity of mexidol in the stress-induced liver damage]. / Farmacologicheskaia aktivnost' meksidola pri stressornykh povrezhdeniiakh pecheni.

Pretreatment with mexidol (100 mg/kg) offered protection under the conditions of acute (3 h) liver damage in rats under the conditions of immobilization stress. The drug inhibited lipid peroxidation, enhanced intrinsic antioxidant protection function, and normalized the activity of enzymes-markers of hepatocyte damage. In addition, the treatment with mexidol normalized the level of bilirubin in the blood serum and stimulated the detoxicating function of liver in the bromsulphalein test.

[Characteristics of lipid peroxidation in various tissues during acute stress and its correction by pyracetam and cerebrolysin]. / Osobennosti protsessov perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v razlichnykh tkaniakh pri ostrom stresse i ego korrektsii piratsetamom i serebrolizinom.

The process of lipid peroxidation (LPO), the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the effects of piracetam (300 mg/kg) and cerebrolysin (0.1 ml/kg) were studied in the brain, liver, thymus, spleen, and blood serum of white male rats under acute stress (immobilization) conditions. The results of analyses confirmed that the stress syndrome development involves the LPO acceleration and retardation stages not coinciding in various tissues. The antioxidant effect of the nootropic agents in CNS has a permanent character, being independent of the initial status of the animal organism. The effect of both drugs upon the LPO level in peripheral tissues has a modulative character and can be considered as a sum of the central antistressor action and the direct influence upon the functional activity of effectors.

[Interrelationship of the immune status with the degree of reactive anxiety in patients with gastroduodenal disease]. / Vzaimosviaz' immunnogo statusa i stepeni reaktivnoi trevozhnosti u patsientov s iazvennoi bolezn'iu zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

Interrelationship of the immune state of patients with the reactive anxiety degree in patients suffering gastroduodenal ulcer disease was established. The most pronounced inhibition of the immunity cell link along with moderate activation of its humoral link was noted in patients with low degree of anxiety, and less pronounced one--with high degree of anxiety, in patients with middle degree of anxiety the changes were absent.

[Effect of mexidol and its structural components on carbohydrate level and lipid peroxidation in acute stress]. / Vliianie meksidola i ego strukturnykh komponentov na soderzhanie uglevodov i perekisnoe okislenie lipidov pri ostrom stresse.

The influence of mexidol (3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-ethylpyridine succinate) and its structural components (3-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-ethylpyridine and sodium succinate) and pyridoxine hydrochloride on carbohydrate content and lipid peroxidation was studied in the mouse liver under conditions of stress. Under stress conditions mexidol and pyridoxine exerted positive effects on peroxidation processes; mexidol also normalised glycogen content in the liver.

[The effect of mexidol on the development of experimental peroxide athero-arteriosclerosis]. / Vliianie meksidola na razvitie éksperimental'nogo perekisnogo ateroarterioskleroza.

A rabbit model of peroxide atherosclerosis was used to examine the new psychotropic drug Mexydol for its angioprotective properties. The agent was found to inhibit atheroarteriosclerotic manifestations such as hyperlipemia, activated lipid peroxidation, lower activity of the antioxidative system and to produce protective effects on the local vascular mechanisms of atherogenesis, by diminishing the severity of aortic lesion.

[Indices of the cellular reactions of the immune process in acute stress and its thymopentin correction]. / Pokazateli kletochnykh reaktsii immunnogo protsessa pri ostrom stresse i ego korrektsiia timopentinom.

The correlative analysis has determined the peculiarities of the integration of immune cells reactions under the acute stress. They are characterized by an increase in the role of polymorphonuclear leucocytes closely associated with blood superoxide dismutase activity. Thymopentin exerts an adaptive effect on the morphofunctional parameters of immune and antioxidant systems.

[The proteinase and alpha 1-antitrypsin activities in the tissues during emotional stress in rabbits]. / Aktivnost' proteinaz i al'fa 1-antitripsina v tkaniakh pri émotsional'nom stresse u krolikov.

The experiments on rabbits under acute emotional stress have revealed a rise in activity of proteinases of blood serum, salivary glands and no changes of this activity in watery moisture of an eye. The activity of alpha-antitrypsin in watery moisture of an eye, unlike the blood serum, significantly increased, that evidently prevented the activation of proteolysis in it. The emotional stress is also accompanied by the intensification of fibrinolysis, one of the most important proteolytic systems of the blood.

[The adrenergic mechanisms of the inhibition of the gastric acid-forming function in acute stress]. / Adrenergicheskie mekhanizmy tormozheniia kislotoobrazuiushchei funktsii zheludka pri ostrom stresse.

It was demonstrated in experiments on Wistar rats that blockade of central adrenergic structures by thymopentin and beta-adrenergic receptors by inderal prevents stress inhibition of hydrochloric acid secretion. Normalization of the antioxidative protection of the stomach which prevents activation of the processes of free-radical oxidation in it plays an essential role in the mechanism of the stress-protective effect of adrenergic influences blockade on the gastric acid-producing function.

[The immunomodulating action of thymopentin in acute and chronic stress]. / Immunomoduliruiushchee deistvie timopentina pri ostrom i khronicheskom stresse.

Thymopentin, an active centre of the thymic hormone, was shown to possess a marked immunomodulatory effect on the cellular immune reactions of immunity in rats under acute and chronic stress. Thymopentin ensures adaptation of the organs of immunogenesis by increasing viability of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and normalization of the phagocytic activity of the leukocytes.

[Characteristics of the stress reaction of various rat organs during adrenoreceptor blocking by inderal]. / Osobennosti stressornoi reaktsii razlichnykh organov krys v usloviiakh blokady adrenoretseptorov inderalom.

Dissimilar sensitivity to the stress-effects of various tissues exhibiting distinct levels of the antioxidant protection was found in rats. Stable activity of superoxide dismutase was found in myocardium under usual conditions of stress, while the enzymatic activity was increased during inderal effect as distinct from some other tissues--blood, stomach, liver and spleen tissues.

[Effect of acute stress on glucose resorption by an isolated loop of the small intestine]. / Vliianie ostrogo stressa na rezorbtsiiu gliukozy izolirovannoi petlei tonkoi kishki.

In the experiments on rats acute stress is found to accelerate glucose resorption by isolated loop of small intestine in situ and it probably depends on increased level of corticosteroids. Glucose resorption changes in small intestine is of adaptable character during stress.

[Characteristic of gastric response to acute and chronic stress and to their combination]. / Osobennosti reaktsii zheludka na ostryi i khronicheskii stressy, a takzhe na ikh sochetanie.

Experiments on 39 rats subjected to the effect of acute, chronic stresses and to that of their combination have revealed a parallelism between the degree of the ulcerogenic effect and depression of antioxidant activity of the stomach tissue cells.

[Antioxidant deficiency and reaction of tissues on the acute emotional-pain stress]. / Antioksidantnaia nedostatochnost' i reaktsiia tkanei na ostryi émotsional'no-bolevoi stress.

Activity of physiological antioxidant system was decreased while lipid peroxidation was increased in blood, brain, paradontium and submaxillary salivary gland under conditions of acute pain-emotional stress, deficiency of antioxidants and of their combined effect. Deficiency of antioxidants caused the most pronounced stress-dependent activation of lipid peroxidation in parodontium; less distinct reactions were observed in brain and submaxillary salivary gland.

[Correction of lipid peroxidation in stress with the peptide bioregulator thymopentin]. / Korrektsiia perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov pri stresse peptidnym bioreguliatorom timopentinom.

Experiments on rats subjected to acute stress have revealed protective effect of thymopentin pentapeptide on somatic disorders and the state of the antioxidation system and the processes of lipid peroxidation in blood and brain.

[The protective action of thymopentin on stress damage to the stomach]. / Zashchitnoe deistvie timopentina na stressornoe povrezhdenie zheludka.

The influence of peptide thymopentin on ulcer effects of the stomach mucous membrane in rats and the state of its processes in acute and chronic stress as well as their combination influence were investigated. The intercommunication of frequency of the formation of ulcer and the activity of superoxide dismutase in stomach fibers was established. Thymopentin displayed a marked antiulcerogenic effect in all kinds of stress.

[Dependence of lipid peroxidation on the typologic characteristics of the nervous system and their relation to the resistance of the body to exertion]. / Obuslovlennost' perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov tipologicheskimi osobennostiami nervnoi sistemy i ikh sviaz' s ustoichivost'iu organizma k fizicheskoi nagruzke.

Resistance of animals with different type of the nervous activity to physical exercises depends on the activity of lipid peroxidation processes in tissues. The highest degree of adaptation to prolonged running is observed in the inhibitory-type rats as against the excitable and even-tempered ones.

[Lipid peroxidation in tissues during subliminal electrostimulation of limbic system structures in the brain]. / Protsessy perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v tkaniakh pri podporogovoi élektrostimuliatsii struktur limbicheskoi sistema mozga.

The experiments on rats have shown that during prolonged subliminal electrostimulation of limbic brain system structures peroxidation is enhanced in the blood and tissues (myocardium, liver, parodontium), with it being realized via activation of sympathoadrenal and hypothalamo-hypophyseal systems and stipulated by the failure of physiologic antioxidative mechanisms.