Transforming the preservation of tomato derivatives: Innovations in packaging and storage.

The production and consumption of vegetables, such as tomatoes, have been growing in recent years, due to the combination of several factors, such as market demand, investment in research, education and awareness about health benefits, as well as government incentives and improvements in cultivation technology. The combination of these factors results in an increasing demand for products that offer health benefits, such as tomatoes rich in antioxidants, which help combat free radicals in cells. To maintain most of the nutritional and sensory properties characteristic of the fresh product, it is important to identify the parameters that will help in maintenance. Thus, the study aims to characterize the influence of different packages and storage times with the variables of tomato. The experiment examined the storage of two tomato derivatives (atomized tomato and chips) using various packaging types and storage durations. It utilized a factorial design (2 × 4) with an extra control treatment, comprising 3 replications. Packaging options included low-density polyethylene plastic bags and laminated plastic bags with aluminum foil, while storage durations ranged from 10 to 40 days. Parameters related to color (°Hue and chroma), flavor (pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids, and maturation index), and bioactive compounds (lycopene and ß-carotene) of two tomato derivatives (atomized tomato and chips) were analyzed. After the analyzes, it was observed that the transparent package was the one that allowed the best conservation among the studied variables of the atomized tomato derivative, the same happened for the laminated packaging for the derivative chips. Regarding storage time, 20 days showed the best results regarding the conservation of flavor and bioactive compounds.

Mechanical properties of baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) / Propriedades mecânicas dos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

This paper aimed to verify the influence of moisture content and drying temperature on the values of maximum compression strength for fixed strains (1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; and 7 mm), rupture force, and proportional deformity modulus on the baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) under compression in a natural resting position. Baru fruits with a moisture content ranging from 0.333 to 0.053 (decimal dry basis db) were used. The fruits were uniaxially compressed between two parallel plates, in the natural resting position, and the nuts were dried at temperatures of 60, 80, and 100 °C. The reduction in the moisture content during drying was monitored using a gravimetric method (weight loss) to determine the initial moisture content of the product and the final moisture content. Based on our results, the compression force needed to deform the baru fruit decreased with increasing moisture content, regardless of the drying temperature. The proportional deformity modulus increased with the reduction of moisture content for all the studied temperatures. The reduced moisture content increased the force required to rupture the baru fruit, regardless of the drying temperature. The rupture forces of temperatures of 60 to 100 °C may be represented by one model.(AU)

Neste trabalho objetivou-se verificar a influência do teor de água e da temperatura de secagem nos valores da força máxima de compressão para deformações fixas (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 mm), força de ruptura e no módulo proporcional de deformidade nos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel), submetidos à compressão na posição natural de repouso. Foram utilizados frutos de baru com teores de água variando de 0,333 a 0,053 (decimal b.s.), secos nas temperaturas de 60, 80 e 100 °C. A redução do teor de água ao longo da secagem foi acompanhada pelo método gravimétrico (perda de massa), conhecendo-se o teor de água inicial do produto, até atingir o teor de água final. Concluiu-se que a força de compressão necessária para deformar os frutos de baru diminui com o aumento do teor de água, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. O módulo proporcional de deformidade aumenta com a redução do teor de água para todas as temperaturas estudadas. A redução do teor de água eleva a força necessária à ruptura dos frutos de baru, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. As forças de ruptura para as temperaturas de 60 e 100 °C podem ser representadas por um único modelo.(AU)

Mechanical properties of baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) / Propriedades mecânicas dos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

This paper aimed to verify the influence of moisture content and drying temperature on the values of maximum compression strength for fixed strains (1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; and 7 mm), rupture force, and proportional deformity modulus on the baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) under compression in a natural resting position. Baru fruits with a moisture content ranging from 0.333 to 0.053 (decimal dry basis - db) were used. The fruits were uniaxially compressed between two parallel plates, in the natural resting position, and the nuts were dried at temperatures of 60, 80, and 100 C. The reduction in the moisture content during drying was monitored using a gravimetric method (weight loss) to determine the initial moisture content of the product and the final moisture content. Based on our results, the compression force needed to deform the baru fruit decreased with increasing moisture content, regardless of the drying temperature. The proportional deformity modulus increased with the reduction of moisture content for all the studied temperatures. The reduced moisture content increased the force required to rupture the baru fruit, regardless of the drying temperature. The rupture forces of temperatures of 60 to 100 C may be represented by one model.

Neste trabalho objetivou-se verificar a influência do teor de água e da temperatura de secagem nos valores da força máxima de compressão para deformações fixas (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 mm), força de ruptura e no módulo proporcional de deformidade nos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel), submetidos à compressão na posição natural de repouso. Foram utilizados frutos de baru com teores de água variando de 0,333 a 0,053 (decimal b.s.), secos nas temperaturas de 60, 80 e 100 C. A redução do teor de água ao longo da secagem foi acompanhada pelo método gravimétrico (perda de massa), conhecendo-se o teor de água inicial do produto, até atingir o teor de água final. Concluiu-se que a força de compressão necessária para deformar os frutos de baru diminui com o aumento do teor de água, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. O módulo proporcional de deformidade aumenta com a redução do teor de água para todas as temperaturas estudadas. A redução do teor de água eleva a força necessária à ruptura dos frutos de baru, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. As forças de ruptura para as temperaturas de 60 e 100 C podem ser representadas por um único modelo.

Mechanical properties of baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) / Propriedades mecânicas dos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

This paper aimed to verify the influence of moisture content and drying temperature on the values of maximum compression strength for fixed strains (1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; and 7 mm), rupture force, and proportional deformity modulus on the baru fruit (Dipteryx alata Vogel) under compression in a natural resting position. Baru fruits with a moisture content ranging from 0.333 to 0.053 (decimal dry basis – db) were used. The fruits were uniaxially compressed between two parallel plates, in the natural resting position, and the nuts were dried at temperatures of 60, 80, and 100 °C. The reduction in the moisture content during drying was monitored using a gravimetric method (weight loss) to determine the initial moisture content of the product and the final moisture content. Based on our results, the compression force needed to deform the baru fruit decreased with increasing moisture content, regardless of the drying temperature. The proportional deformity modulus increased with the reduction of moisture content for all the studied temperatures. The reduced moisture content increased the force required to rupture the baru fruit, regardless of the drying temperature. The rupture forces of temperatures of 60 to 100 °C may be represented by one model.

Neste trabalho objetivou-se verificar a influência do teor de água e da temperatura de secagem nos valores da força máxima de compressão para deformações fixas (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 e 7 mm), força de ruptura e no módulo proporcional de deformidade nos frutos de baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel), submetidos à compressão na posição natural de repouso. Foram utilizados frutos de baru com teores de água variando de 0,333 a 0,053 (decimal b.s.), secos nas temperaturas de 60, 80 e 100 °C. A redução do teor de água ao longo da secagem foi acompanhada pelo método gravimétrico (perda de massa), conhecendo-se o teor de água inicial do produto, até atingir o teor de água final. Concluiu-se que a força de compressão necessária para deformar os frutos de baru diminui com o aumento do teor de água, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. O módulo proporcional de deformidade aumenta com a redução do teor de água para todas as temperaturas estudadas. A redução do teor de água eleva a força necessária à ruptura dos frutos de baru, independentemente da temperatura de secagem. As forças de ruptura para as temperaturas de 60 e 100 °C podem ser representadas por um único modelo.

Bioactive Compounds Found in Brazilian Cerrado Fruits.

Functional foods include any natural product that presents health-promoting effects, thereby reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Cerrado fruits are considered a source of bioactive substances, mainly phenolic compounds, making them important functional foods. Despite this, the losses of natural vegetation in the Cerrado are progressive. Hence, the knowledge propagation about the importance of the species found in Cerrado could contribute to the preservation of this biome. This review provides information about Cerrado fruits and highlights the structures and pharmacologic potential of functional compounds found in these fruits. Compounds detected in Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (pequi), Dipteryx alata Vog. (baru), Eugenia dysenterica DC. (cagaita), Eugenia uniflora L. (pitanga), Genipa americana L. (jenipapo), Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangaba), Mauritia flexuosa L.f. (buriti), Myrciaria cauliflora (DC) Berg (jabuticaba), Psidium guajava L. (goiaba), Psidium spp. (araçá), Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill (lobeira), Spondias mombin L. (cajá), Annona crassiflora Mart. (araticum), among others are reported here.

Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de soja (Glycine max. L. ) durante o beneficiamento / Physiological quality of soybean (Glycine max. L. ) seeds during to processing

Na busca de sementes de alto padrão de qualidade, a fase de beneficiamento configura-se como importante etapa. Objetivou com este trabalho avaliar a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cultivares de soja durante o processo de beneficiamento. Empregou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 4 x 5, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro cultivares de soja (Vencedora, Emgopa-313, Luziânia ­ não transgênicas e Valiosa ­ transgênica) coletadas em cinco pontos de amostragem (1º ­ secador; 2º ­ elevadores de caneca número 1; 3º ­ elevadores de caneca número 2; 4º ­ elevadores de caneca número 3 e 5º ­ espiral). A qualidade fisiológica das sementes foi avaliada pelos seguintes testes: germinação, primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado, condutividade elétrica e tetrazólio (viabilidade e vigor). As sementes de soja das cultivares Emgopa-313, Valiosa - RR e Luziânia apresentaram qualidade fisiológica superior à Vencedora, em todas as etapas do beneficiamento. Para as sementes da cultivar Vencedora, o grande número de elevadores de caneca no decorrer das etapas de secagem e no beneficiamento propiciou aumento na porcentagem de dano mecânico à semente.

Processing is an important phase in the seed industry. It encompasses important steps to attain seed quality and high performance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seed cultivars during important steps of that process. A completely randomized design in a 4 x 5 factorial arrangement with four replicates was used. Samples of three soybean cultivars (Vencedora, Emgopa 313, Luziânia - non transgenic and one genetically modified ­ Valiosa) were drawn in five points of the processing chain: 1º - seed dryer; 2º ­ bucket elevator number 1; 3º ­ bucket elevator number 2; 4º - bucket elevator number 3; and 5º ­ seed spiral separator. The following tests were performed: germination, first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity and tetrazolium (viability and vigor). Results obtained indicated that seeds from cultivars Emgopa-313, Luziânia and Valiosa - RR presented physiological quality higher than Vencedora, in all stages of processing. To cultivar seeds of Vencedora, the number of elevators mug during the stages of drying and processing time increased the percentage of mechanical damage to seed.