[Tick-born encephalitis]. / L'encéphalite virale à tiques.

INTRODUCTION: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a disease contracted through tick bites, is caused by a Flavivirus. Its geographical distribution comes from the geographical distribution of the reservoir of infection--i.e., mainly the tiny mammals living in the forests and bushes. The endemic area spreads from the Rhine to the Urals, from Scandinavia to Italy and Greece. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: Symptoms usually evolve in three phases: at first a nonspecific phase with fever and myalgia, then an afebrile phase, and finally a phase with neurological manifestations, such as meningitis, meningoencephalitis and/or myelitis, and fever. Motor neurological sequelae are possible. The cases occurring in the East are characterized by their greater severity compared to those occurring in the West. The diagnosis, easily established given a history of a tick bite in an endemic area, is confirmed by the presence of specific IgM in the blood and/or cerebral spinal fluid. FUTURE PROSPECT AND PROJECTS: There is no specific treatment. Prevention consists of individual prophylactic measures (self-examination and systematic extraction of ticks after exposure, use of repellents), and in immunization. The vaccine, prepared from inactivated viruses, should be used for target populations, that is, for people exposed to tick bites during their professional or leisure outdoor activities.

[Central neurologic manifestations of Crohn disease]. / Les manifestations neurologiques centrales de la maladie de Crohn.

INTRODUCTION: Neurological involvement in Crohn's disease is unusual. EXEGESIS: We report two cases of Crohn's disease. Central nervous system deficit was observed in the first patient, while psychiatric disorders were present in the second patient. In both cases, MRI confirmed the presence of a T2 hypersignal in the white matter. CONCLUSION: Central neurological disorders could either be part of extra-intestinal symptoms in Crohn's disease or precede diagnosis. However, their frequency is not well known or documented. The association of Crohn's disease with multiple sclerosis may obscure the diagnosis. Cerebrovascular accident, seizures, headaches, focal neurological deficits, or sometimes severe psychiatric disorders are encountered. Numerous pathophysiological hypotheses have been advocated. The high frequency of abnormalities that have been observed during systematic MRI provide confirmation of the hypothesis of neurological disorders occurring during Crohn's disease.

[Normolipemic plane xanthomas and non-Hodgkins malignant lymphomas]. / Xanthomes plans disséminés normolipémiques et lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens.

INTRODUCTION: The association between diffuse normolipemic plane xanthomatosis and monoclonal dysglobulinemia is well known. The presence of cutaneous xanthomas with normal serum lipid levels is due to the antibetalipoproteic activity of the monoclonal immunoglobulin. METHODS: A 51-year-old female patient had generalized polyadenopathy and diffuse normolipemic plane xanthomatosis of 3 years duration. The clinical status of the patient was fluctuating. Lipids levels were in the normal range. Weight loss and new nodal enlargements revealed high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the development of diffuse normolipemic plane xanthomatosis in association with dysglobulinemia revealing non Hodgkin's lymphoma. The association has not been reported earlier in the literature.

[Granular-cell tumor: review of the literature apropos of a case of bronchial site]. / Tumeur à cellules granuleuses: revue de la littérature à propos d'une localisation bronchique.

Abrikossoff's tumor, also called granular cell tumor, is an uncommon condition, generally benign, which can affect every organ and specially skin and tongue. The authors report an observation of a bronchial tumor and review the literature. Possible relapse after treatment, locally or everywhere in the body, may occur as local or regional complication that may necessit heavy surgery. It appears that a benign tumor can have macroscopic and even microscopic aspect of malignancy, when real malignant tumors are extremely rare. Wide excision still remain current treatment of Abrikossoff's tumor. Endoscopic methods are an interessant and less invasive alternative to treat some deep tumors.