ABSTRACT
Introducción: La resistencia a los antimicrobianos (RAM) es una crisis de salud pública a nivel mundial. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estableció una lista de bacterias resistentes priorizadas para orientar investigaciones y alternativas de mejora. Objetivo: Describir la producción científica del Perú sobre RAM de bacterias priorizadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, entre 2012 y 2021. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional de tipo bibliométrico en revistas indexadas en Scopus durante el período 2012-2021. La selección de los estudios y la extracción de datos se realizó manualmente por duplicado. Se clasificaron las bacterias resistentes estudiadas, según las prioridades (crítica, alta y media). Resultados: Se incluyeron 118 artículos. Durante el período 2014-2021 hubo un aumento de publicaciones. El 61,9 por ciento fueron artículos publicados en inglés, 98,3 por ciento con filiación en Perú y el 77,1 por ciento fueron realizados en Lima. Se publicaron más estudios sobre las bacterias de prioridad crítica que sobre las de alta o media. El 79,7 por ciento buscó determinar la prevalencia o caracterizar y el 26,1 por ciento mencionó algún financiamiento de instituciones del país. Conclusión: La producción científica peruana sobre RAM ha aumentado en los últimos años y se cuenta con más publicaciones de bacterias de prioridad crítica. Sin embargo, estos estudios se centran en Lima y solo la cuarta parte ha sido financiada por alguna entidad peruana(AU)
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a worldwide public health crisis. The World Health Organization (WHO) established a priority list of resistant bacteria to guide research and alternatives for improvement. Objective: To describe the scientific production of Peru on AMR of bacteria prioritized by the World Health Organization, between 2012 and 2021. Methods: Observational descriptive study of bibliometric type in journals indexed in Scopus during the period 2012-2021. The selection of studies and data extraction were performed manually in duplicate. Resistant bacteria studied were classified based on priority (critical, high, and medium). Results: A total of 118 articles were included. During the period 2014-2021, the number of publications increased. The articles published in English accounted for 61.9 percent, 98.3 percent had their affiliation in Peru, and 77.1 percent were conducted in Lima. Most publications focused on bacteria of critical priority than high and medium priority. A total of 79.7 percent sought to determine prevalence or characterize and 26.1 percent referred to funding from Peruvian institutions. Conclusions: Peruvian scientific production on AMR has increased in recent years and there are more publications on critical priority bacteria. However, these studies are centered in Lima and only a quarter of them have been financed by a Peruvian entity(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Drug Resistance, Microbial/immunology , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Social and communication skills play an important role in the relationship between healthcare professionals and their patients. In this field, it is plausible that clinical empathy and loneliness play an important role of influence. However, the knowledge about this roll is still scarce. The main purpose of this review was to collect findings reported on this matter in students and healthcare professionals. The review included: articles published in English or Spanish during the last fifty years that were indexed in MedLine or SCOPUS, with students or health professionals as participants, and where empathy and loneliness had been used as main measures. Eleven articles, published between 1986 and 2020, that met the abovementioned criteria were included in the analysis. From them, eight corresponded to observational studies and three to interventional studies. Eight studies included students and the other three included healthcare professionals in their study samples. A negative correlation between empathy and loneliness was found in four studies. Furthermore, loneliness in the family environment was described as a negative predictor of empathy towards patients. Training programs in empathic skills and group accompaniment proved not only effective in the improvement of empathy in students, but also in the reduction of loneliness. These findings confirm a close relationship between clinical empathy and loneliness. They also show that the improvement in empathic skills not only has a positive effect on the professional ethical behavior towards patients, but it also helps improving the professional's well-being by reducing loneliness.
