ABSTRACT
Diagnosis of proximal caries is a difficult task. Artificial intelligence (AI) enabled diagnosis is gaining momentum. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) smart phone application for bitewing radiography towards real-time caries lesion detection. The Efficient Det-Lite1 artificial neural network was used after training 100 radiographic images obtained from the department of Oral Medicine. Trained model was then installed in a Google Pixel 6 (GP6) smartphone as artificial intelligence app. The back-facing mobile phone video camera of GP6 was utilised to detect caries lesions on 100 bitewing radiographs (BWR) with 80 carious lesion in real-time. Two different techniques such as scanning the static BWR on laptop with a moving mobile and scanning the moving radiograph on the laptop with stationery mobile were used. The average value of sensitivity/precision/F1 scores for both the techniques was 0.75/0.846 and 0.795 respectively. AI programme using the rear-facing mobile phone video camera was found to detect 75% of caries lesions in real time on 100 BWR with a precision of 84.6%. Thus, the use of AI with smart phone app is useful for caries diagnosis which is readily accessible, easy to use and fast.
ABSTRACT
AIM AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of two different collagen cross-linking agents proanthocyanidin (Grape seed extract [GSE] and 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide) on the surface topography of etched dentin and microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of resin dentin bond. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two sound human 3rd molars were collected, and their occlusal surfaces were ground flat to expose dentin. Dentin surfaces were etched using phosphoric acid and then teeth were randomly divided into four groups, according to the dentin treatment: Group 1: wet bonding technique, Group 2: dry bonding technique, Group 3: 6.5% proanthocyanidin, and Group 4: 0.1M carbodiimide. Scanning electron microscope analysis was done for twenty specimens (n = 5 per group) at ×10,000 and ×30,000 magnification. Remaining 32 specimens were restored with TETRIC N-Bond adhesive systems and resin composite. After 24 h, teeth were sectioned to produce a cross-sectional surface area of 1.0 mm2 and tested for µTBS. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc least significant difference test (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: When acid-etched dentin is treated by 6.5% proanthocyanidin (GSE) and 0.1M carbodiimide, followed by application of adhesives, it results in increased µTBS due to cross-linking of collagen fibrils.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The success of direct pulp capping (DPC) depends on the preoperative assessment of pulpal status, intraoperative judgment after pulp exposure, and the biomaterials used to cap the pulp. AIM: The study aims to compare the clinical and radiographic responses of the pulp-dentin complex after DPC with TheraCal LC, Biodentine, and current gold standard mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Plus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety vital permanent teeth with Class I deep carious lesions were randomly divided into three different groups. After the caries excavation, hemostasis was established using sodium hypochlorite at the site of pulp exposure on which the material was placed. Clinical and radiographic follow-ups were performed at 1-, 3-, and 6-month intervals. RESULTS: Overall success rates of MTA Plus, Biodentine, and TheraCal LC were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: TheraCal LC and Biodentine showed similar success rates when compared to MTA Plus and can be used as an agent in DPC.
