ABSTRACT
The methanol fraction of the root extract of Tragia involucrata was investigated for psychopharmacological activity in rodents. It produced an alteration of behavioural pattern and a reduction in spontaneous motility. A significant potentiation of pentobarbitone-induced sleep, a decrease of body temperature, suppression of the aggressive behaviour pattern and of the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) were observed with the fraction. These suggest that the methanol fraction of the T. involucrata root extract possesses significant central nervous system depressant action.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Central Nervous System/drug effects , Euphorbiaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Roots/chemistry , Aggression/drug effects , Animals , Anticonvulsants/chemistry , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Avoidance Learning/drug effects , Body Temperature/drug effects , Brain Chemistry/drug effects , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Female , Male , Mice , Movement/drug effects , Muscle Tonus/drug effects , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Rats , Sleep/drug effects , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/analysisABSTRACT
Studies were carried out to evaluate the influence of the methanol fraction of Pluchea indica Less root extract (PIRE), the dual inhibitors (BW 755C and phenidone) and vitamin on both in vivo and in vitro free radical-scavenging activities, CCl(4)-induced lipid peroxidation and the metabolism of arachidonic acid by lipoxygenase. PIRE produced significant antiinflammatory activity against glucose oxidase-induced paw oedema (in vivo), inhibited hydroxyl radical and superoxide generation, lysis of erythrocytes induced by hydrogen peroxide, CCl(4)-induced lipid peroxidation and also dioxygenase activity of lipoxygenase (both in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide). Significantly higher free radical-scavenging activity was observed with BW 755C and phenidone compared with PIRE. However, both BW 755C and phenidone stimulated hydroxyl radical generation compared with the observed inhibitory effects of PIRE and vitamin E.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Asteraceae/chemistry , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Methanol/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Roots/chemistry , 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Arachidonic Acid/metabolism , Carbon Tetrachloride/pharmacology , Edema/drug therapy , Edema/pathology , Free Radical Scavengers/chemistry , Free Radical Scavengers/pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Glucose Oxidase/metabolism , Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism , Hydroxyl Radical/metabolism , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/pathology , Lipoxygenase/metabolism , Mice , Phytotherapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Pyrazoles/pharmacology , Superoxides/metabolism , Vitamin E/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Psychopharmacological studies were conducted on an extract of Andrographis paniculata herbs. The extract exhibited a significant alteration in behaviour pattern and a reduction in spontaneous motility. The extract also produced a prolongation of the pentobarbitone-induced sleeping time and lowered the body temperature in different experimental animal models.
Subject(s)
Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Magnoliopsida , Pain/prevention & control , Plants, Medicinal , Psychotropic Drugs/pharmacology , Seizures/prevention & control , Acetic Acid , Animals , Mice , Pain/chemically induced , Pain Measurement/drug effects , Pentylenetetrazole , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Psychotropic Drugs/therapeutic use , Rats , Seizures/chemically induced , StrychnineABSTRACT
Tragia involucrata has been widely used in the traditional medicinal system for the treatment of a variety of diseases. The effect of methanolic extract of T. involucrata was studied in different experimental animal models and it was revealed that the extract possesses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Euphorbiaceae/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/toxicity , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/toxicity , Carrageenan , Edema/chemically induced , Edema/prevention & control , Granuloma/chemically induced , Granuloma/pathology , Granuloma/prevention & control , India , Male , Methanol , Mice , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Plant Roots/chemistry , Rats , SolventsABSTRACT
The coherent stochastic resonance is observed and studied with a multistep periodic signal in a continuous medium having two absorbing boundaries. The general features of this process are exhibited. The universal features at the resonance point are demonstrated. The kinetic behaviors around the resonance point are also presented.
