ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Capsicum or chilli is an important crop in India which exhibits immense structural and genetic variations reflecting their intra- and inter-specific relationships. The aim of this study was to establish relationships amongst 54 Capsicum accessions through analysis of genetic and population structure using ISSR markers. RESULTS: Out of 19, successful DNA amplifications were shown by 7 ISSR primers and a total of 80 bands were identified ranging between 8 and 14 with an average of 11.43 bands/primer. A significant degree of polymorphic information content (PIC), discriminating power (DP), resolving power (RP), effective multiplex ratio (EMR), and marker index (MI) were identified as 0.39, 0.70, 6.40, 5.88, and 2.30, respectively, using ISSR markers in chillies. The cross-transferability ranged from 8.0 to 72.15% with an average of 52.63% among chillies. Amongst genetic information, grand mean values were 0.264, 0.180, 0.376, 0.296, and 0.180, which correspond to Shannon's information index (I), expected heterozygosity (He), Nei's gene diversity, total diversity among species (Ht), diversity within species (Hs), respectively. Further, the coefficients of gene differentiation (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) were 0.393 and 0.773, representing higher genetic variation among the population which was confirmed by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). CONCLUSION: ISSR markers represented a potent system for the estimation of relationships or variation studies and generated information useful for planning crop management and improvement strategies in chilli breeding.
ABSTRACT
India has a diverse range of agro-ecological conditions which support the cultivation of different rice varieties differing in the adaptation which is so important for sustainable development of rice crop. Specific ecotypes of rice adapted to diverse conditions have divergence in their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular function, agronomy, and stress response. In the present study, 12 different rice varieties viz., PB-1, PB-1509, Pusa-RH-10, CSR-30, HKR-47, PR-126, Govind, Sharbati, ADT-37, ADT-39, ADT-45, White Ponni, were selected for the study of intrinsic biochemical behaviour and these varieties belong to different Agro-ecological zones and basmati or non-basmati rice varieties. Amongst intrinsic biochemicals activity, the differential response of radical scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) activities, were observed in the selected rice varieties at 14 days old seedling stage, developed under controlled growth conditions. Comparatively, North India region rice varieties displayed an enhanced intrinsic biochemical response than south India region rice varieties. Similarly, basmati rice varieties showed increased biochemical response compared to non-basmati rice varieties. Thus, the differential biochemical responses (radical scavenging, SOD, CAT, and POX activities) observed creates a significant difference between rice varieties and provides valuable information about rice ecotype-biochemical interaction for sustainable adaptive value under different ecological conditions.
