ABSTRACT
In a prospective analysis of ocular fireworks injuries over three consecutive years (1997 to 1999) during the Indian festival of Diwali, 42 patients presented with various types of fireworks-related ocular injuries. Twenty two (52%) patients had to be admitted for the management of their ocular injuries.
Subject(s)
Blast Injuries , Explosions/statistics & numerical data , Eye Injuries , Visual Acuity/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Blast Injuries/epidemiology , Blast Injuries/etiology , Blast Injuries/physiopathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Injuries/epidemiology , Eye Injuries/etiology , Eye Injuries/physiopathology , Humans , Incidence , India/epidemiology , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
A 15 year old boy presented with diminution in vision of both eyes, diabetes insipidus and hypopituitarism. MRI was suggestive of a large suprasellar and retrosellar craniopharyngioma with stretching of the optic chiasma. Histopathological findings on the first surgical specimen were interpreted as a craniopharyngioma. He was reoperated on account of clinical deterioration and increase in tumour size. Histological examination this time revealed derivatives of all three germ cell lineages along with areas of embryonal carcinoma, and yolk sac tumour besides squamous cysts, establishing the diagnosis of malignant mixed germ cell tumour. Serum and CSF were strongly positive for alpha foetoproteins.
Subject(s)
Craniopharyngioma/pathology , Germinoma/pathology , Mixed Tumor, Malignant/pathology , Pituitary Neoplasms/pathology , Adolescent , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Optic Chiasm/pathology , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysisABSTRACT
A rare case of a choroidal vascular aneurysm arising from the short posterior ciliary artery is reported in a 40-year-old woman. The aneurysm was detected by fluorescein angiography. It caused recurrent choroidal hemorrhage with blindness as the outcome. The diagnosis of aneurysm would have been missed without fluorescein angiography. A search should be made for choroidal vascular aneurysm in cases of spontaneous choroidal and vitreous hemorrhage both clinically (using fluorescein angiography) and histopathologically (in the event of enucleation of the eyeball).
Subject(s)
Aneurysm/complications , Choroid Hemorrhage/etiology , Choroid/blood supply , Adult , Aneurysm/diagnosis , Blindness/etiology , Ciliary Body/blood supply , Female , Fluorescein Angiography , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Intraocular Pressure , Recurrence , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Fourteen children and six adults presented in 1987 with firework-induced ocular injuries following celebrations of the Prophet Muhammad's birthday in Tripoli, Libya. The children's injuries were, typically, much more severe than those of the adults. Indigenous modifications to the fireworks, which are intended for children's use, render the devices into very dangerous missiles that, in the cases presented, resulted in the loss of one eye and serious damage to another. Educating children of the proper use of legal fireworks, and parents discouraging their children from modifying fireworks should help reduce the incidence of these severe ocular injuries.
Subject(s)
Blast Injuries/etiology , Eye Injuries/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , Blast Injuries/surgery , Child , Child, Preschool , Eye Burns/etiology , Eye Enucleation , Eye Foreign Bodies/etiology , Eye Injuries/surgery , Eye Injuries, Penetrating/etiology , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Three cases of damage to the optic nerves and chiasma following pituitary irradiation with Co60 teletherapy are described. All of them presented with progressive visual impairment months following irradiation and simulated recurrence of the tumour. CT scan was also not helpful in differentiating radionecrosis from tumour recurrence. On exploration the optic nerves and chiasma appeared discoloured and scarred. One case, who also had diffuse radionecrosis of brain parenchyma, died. No satisfactory therapy is currently available for this grave complication but proper safeguards can prevent it.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/etiology , Pituitary Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiation Injuries/etiology , Visual Pathways/radiation effects , Adult , Brain Diseases/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Necrosis , Radiation Injuries/pathology , Visual Pathways/pathologyABSTRACT
The case of a horn-like hyperplasia of the caruncle of the left eye in a 3-month-old child is reported. An atavistic origin of this growth as a vestigial upper incisor is suggested from the anatomical location of the horn.
Subject(s)
Lacrimal Apparatus/pathology , Humans , Hyperplasia , Infant , MaleABSTRACT
Two patients, a brother and sister, presenting with reduced visual acuity, nystagmus, hypopigmentation of the maculae, head nodding, dysarthria and other neuromuscular incoordinations are reported. They were found to be suffering from histidinaemia by aminoacid analysis of urine.
Subject(s)
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors/complications , Histidine/blood , Macula Lutea , Nystagmus, Pathologic/etiology , Pigmentation Disorders/etiology , Vision Disorders/etiology , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Nystagmus, Pathologic/genetics , Pigmentation Disorders/genetics , Retinal Diseases/etiology , Retinal Diseases/genetics , Vision Disorders/genetics , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide 5 mg/mL suspension was used in the treatment of 110 cases of chalazion; 92.3% of the cases resolved completely with one to three injections, irrespective of the duration and consistency of the chalazion. Recurrence and yellow deposits were seen at the site of injection in a minority of patients.
Subject(s)
Cysts/drug therapy , Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy , Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage , Humans , Injections , Meibomian Glands , Triamcinolone Acetonide/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Eyelid Diseases/pathology , Granuloma/pathology , Tuberculosis, Ocular/pathology , Adult , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Eye Neoplasms , Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A young man had an occlusion of the cilioretinal artery. Recirculation in the vessel was established within 48 hours. The retinal damage has been permanent with no improvement in visual acuity. Fluorescein angiography during the stages of occlusion and established recirculation have been described. Vascular spasm of a short posterior ciliary artery due to smoking is the likely causal factor. The site of obstruction and the hemodynamic factors have been discussed.
Subject(s)
Arterial Occlusive Diseases , Ciliary Body/blood supply , Retinal Artery , Adult , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/complications , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/diagnosis , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/physiopathology , Fluorescein Angiography , Humans , Male , Scotoma/etiology , Visual Acuity , Visual FieldsSubject(s)
Eye Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous , Retinoblastoma/genetics , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Cholesterol/blood , Diabetic Retinopathy/blood , Lipoproteins/blood , Humans , Middle Aged , Triglycerides/bloodSubject(s)
Conjunctivitis/complications , Encephalitis/etiology , Hemorrhage , Acute Disease , Adult , Cranial Nerve Diseases/etiology , Humans , Male , Paralysis/etiologyABSTRACT
In a study of congenital cataract in northern India, 76 patients (146 eyes) were evaluated for morphological patterns and etiology. Partial cataracts were found to be three times more common than total cataracts, the lamellar types being the most common among the partial cataracts. Hereditary cataracts had a 19.7% incidence. The majority (46.05%) of cases of congenital cataract were of idiopathic origin. A few cases were associated with metabolic disorders (Marfan's and Marchand's). Strabismus and nystagmus were the most common associated ocular abnormalities (28.94% and 15.79%), and mental retardation was the most commonly associated systemic abnormality. Rubella cataract was seen far less frequently than expected.
