A Comprehensive Investigation into the Crystallology, Molecule, and Quantum Chemistry Properties of Two New Hydrous Long-Chain Dibasic Ammonium Salts CnH2n+8N2O6 (n = 35 and 37).

Through the salification reaction of carboxylation, successful attachment of the long-chain alkanoic acid to the two ends of 1,3-propanediamine was realized, which enabled the doubling of the long-chain alkanoic acid carbon chain. Hydrous 1,3-propanediamine dihexadecanoate (abbreviated as 3C16) and 1,3-propanediamine diheptadecanoate (abbreviated as 3C17) were synthesized afterward, and their crystal structures were characterized by the X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. By analyzing their molecular and crystal structure, their composition, spatial structure, and coordination mode were determined. Two water molecules played important roles in stabilizing the framework of both compounds. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed the intermolecular interactions between the two molecules. The 3D energy framework map presented the intermolecular interactions more intuitively and digitally, in which dispersion energy plays a dominant role. DFT calculations were performed to analyze the frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO). The energy difference between the HOMO-LUMO is 0.2858 eV and 0.2855 eV for 3C16 and 3C17, respectively. DOS diagrams further confirmed the distribution of the frontier molecular orbitals of 3C16 and 3C17. The charge distributions in the compounds were visualized using a molecular electrostatic potential (ESP) surface. ESP maps indicated that the electrophilic sites are localized around the oxygen atom. The crystallographic data and parameters of quantum chemical calculation in this paper will provide data and theoretical support for the development and application of such materials.

Correction: Two Ln-based metal-organic frameworks based on the 5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid ligand: syntheses, structures, and photocatalytic properties.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA07159E.].

Two Ln-based metal-organic frameworks based on the 5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid ligand: syntheses, structures, and photocatalytic properties.

Two new metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) having the formula [Ln2(H2O)3(L)3·3H2O] n (Ln = Sm for MOF-Sm and Tb for MOF-Tb) have been synthesized solvothermally by reacting LnCl3·6H2O with 5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid (H2L) and characterized. Single crystal X-ray analyses for MOF-Sm and MOF-Tb revealed that both MOFs are isostructural and display a (6,8)-connected 3D structure with a point symbol of (35·44·66)(35·46·517). The natures of weak interactions existing in both MOFs have been assessed using Hirshfeld surface analyses and fingerprint plots. The utility of MOF-Sm as a photocatalyst for the safe photodegradation of the model aromatic dye methyl violet (MV) is also checked. The photocatalysis results showed that MOF-Sm offers reasonable photocatalytic degradation of this dye. The plausible photocatalytic mechanism of MOF-Sm aided photocatalysis has been explained with the help of band gap calculations using density of states (DOS) and partial DOS plots.

L-Cysteine-Assisted Synthesis of Urchin-Like γ-MnS and Its Lithium Storage Properties.

MnS has been attracting more and more attentions in the fields of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of its high energy density and low voltage potential. In this paper, we present a simple method for the preparation of urchin-like γ-MnS microstructures using L-cysteine and MnCl2 · 4H2O as the starting materials. The urchin-like γ-MnS microstructures exhibit excellent cycling stability (823.4 mA h g-1 at a current density of 500 mA g-1, after 1000 cycles). And the discharge voltage is about 0.75 V, making it a good candidate for the application as the anode material in LIBs. SEM, TEM, and XRD were employed to inspect the changes of the active materials during the electrochemical process, which clearly indicate that the structural pulverization and reformation of the γ-MnS microstructures play important roles for the maintenance of the electrochemical performance during the charge/discharge process.

Crystal structures, lattice potential energies, and thermochemical properties of crystalline compounds (1-C(n)H(2n+1)NH3)2ZnCl4(s) (n = 8, 10, 12, and 13).

As part of our ongoing project involving the study of (1-C(n)H(2n+1)NH(3))(2)MCl(4)(s) (where M is a divalent metal ion and n = 8-18), we have synthesized the compounds (1-C(n)H(2n+1)NH(3))(2)ZnCl(4)(s) (n = 8, 10, 12, and 13), and the details of the structures are reported herein. All of the compounds were crystallized in the monoclinic form with the space group P2(1)/n for (1-C(8)H(17)NH(3))(2)ZnCl(4)(s), P21/c for (1-C(10)H(21)NH(3))(2)ZnCl(4)(s), P2(1)/c for (1-C(12)H(25)NH(3))(2)ZnCl(4)(s), and P2(1)/m for (1-C(13)H(27)NH(3))(2)ZnCl(4)(s). The lattice potential energies and ionic volumes of the cations and the common anion of the title compounds were obtained from crystallographic data. Molar enthalpies of dissolution of the four compounds at various molalities were measured at 298.15 K in the double-distilled water. According to Pitzer's theory, molar enthalpies of dissolution of the title compounds at infinite dilution were obtained. Finally, using the values of molar enthalpies of dissolution at infinite dilution (Δ(s)H(m)(∞)) and other auxiliary thermodynamic data, the enthalpy change of the dissociation of [ZnCl(4)](2-)(g) for the reaction [ZnCl(4)](2-)(g)→ Zn(2+)(g) + 4Cl(-)(g) was obtained, and then the hydration enthalpies of cations were calculated by designing a thermochemical cycle.

Penta-decyl-ammonium methyl sulfate.

In the crystal of the title compound, C(15)H(34)N(+)·CH(3)SO(4) (-), the cations and anions are joined together via strong N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into layers parallel to (001).

n-Tridecyl-amine chloride monohydrate.

In the title compound, C(13)H(30)N(+)·Cl(-)·H(2)O, the C(13)H(27) alkyl chain is in an all-trans conformation. In the crystal, inter-molecular N-H⋯Cl, N-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds connect the components into layers parallel to (010), with the alkyl chains oriented approximately perpendicular to these layers.

n-Dodecyl-ammonium bromide monohydrate.

In the title compound, C(12)H(28)N(+)·Br(-)·H(2)O, the ionic pairs formed by n-dodecyl-ammonium cations and bromide anions are arranged into thick layers; these layers are linked in a nearly perpendicular fashion [the angle between the layers is 85.84 (5)°] by hydrogen-bonding inter-actions involving the water mol-ecules. The methyl-ene part of the alkyl chain in the cation adopts an all-trans conformation. In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular N-H⋯Br, O-H⋯Br and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

Microcalorimetric and spectrographic studies on the interaction of DNA with betaxolol.

The interaction of calf thymus deoxyribonucleic acid (ct-DNA) with betaxolol (BET) in aqueous buffer solution (pH 7.40) has been investigated using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), ultraviolet absorption (UV), fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) and circular dichroism (CD). Thermodynamic parameters, i.e., equilibrium constants, standard changes of enthalpy (DeltaH degrees ), Gibbs free energy (DeltaG degrees) and entropy (DeltaS degrees ), for the binding process of the drug to the bio-macromolecules have been derived from the calorimetric data. Analysis of the thermodynamic data indicates that there are two classes of binding sites on the DNA molecules being able to coordinate with BET molecules. One class of binding takes place at the sites formed by base pairs, which is synergistically driven by enthalpy and entropy, while the other one takes place on phosphate groups and shown as an entropy driven process. The thermodynamic behavior of the DNA-drug supramolecular system has been discussed in the light of the important weak interactions, hydrophobic force, hydrogen bond and electrostatic force, according to the UV, FS and CD spectra.

Poly[µ(2)-aqua-diaqua-(µ(8)-3-nitro-benzene-1,2-dicarboxylato)(µ(6)-3-nitro-benzene-1,2-dicarboxylato)tetra-sodium].

In the title layered coordination polymer, [Na(4)(C(8)H(3)NO(6))(2)(H(2)O)(3)](n), the doubly deprotonated 3-nitro-benzene-1,2-dicarboxyl-ate ligands exhibit µ(8)- and µ(6)-coordination modes to the sodium ions, generating sheets lying parallel to (001). The coordination environments of the sodium ions are distorted octa-hedral, distorted trigonal-bipyramidal and moncapped trigonal-prismatic. One of the nitro groups is disordered over two sets of sites with site-occupancy factors 0.580 (8):0.419 (2). A network of O-H⋯O and O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds helps to establish the packing.

Low Temperature Heat Capacities and Standard Molar Enthalpy of Formation of 2-Pyrazinecarboxylic Acid (C5H4N2O2)(s).

Low-temperature heat capacities of 2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid (C5H4N2O2)(s) were measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 400 K. A polynomial equation of heat capacities as a function of temperature was fitted by least squares method. Based on the fitted polynomial, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated and tabulated at 10 K intervals. The constant-volume energy of combustion of the compound at T = 298.15 K was measured by a precision rotating-bomb combustion calorimeter to be ΔcU = -(17839.40 ± 7.40) J g-1. The standard molar enthalpy of combustion of the compound was determined to be ΔcH0m = -(2211.39 ± 0.92) KJ mol-1, according to the definition of combustion enthalpy. Finally, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound was calculated to be ΔfH0m = -(327.82 ± 1.13) kJ mol-1 in accordance with Hess law.

Low-temperature Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of Crystalline 2-Aminopyridinium Benzoate (C12H12N2O2) (s).

2-Aminopyridinium benzoate was synthesized. Chemical analysis, elemental analysis, and X-ray crystallography were applied to characterize the composition and crystal structure of the compound. The lattice potential energy of the title compound was calculated to be UPOT = 284.297 kJ mol-1. Low-temperature heat capacities of the compound were measured by a precision automatic adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 K to 365 K. A polynomial equation of heat capacities against the temperature in the region of 78 K to 365 K was fitted by a least square method. Based on the fitted polynomial equation, the smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the compound relative to the standard reference temperature 298.15 K were calculated at intervals of 5 K. According to the synthesis reaction, the standard molar enthalpies of dissolution for the reactants and product in the selected solvent were measured by an isoperibol solution-reaction calorimeter, respectively. Accordingly, the enthalpy change of the synthesis reaction was calculated to be ΔrHom = -(20.016 ± 0.182) kJ mol-1. Finally, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of 2-aminopyridinium benzoate was determined to be ΔfHom = - (365.416 ± 0.961) kJ mol-1 in accordance with Hess law.