ABSTRACT
El acné fulminans (AF) es una forma rara y grave de acné inflamatorio. La intensidad de las lesiones cutáneas y las cicatrices secundarias impactan negativamente en la calidad de vida. Presentamos una revisión narrativa de casos de AF publicados en Medline. Se incluyeron artículos escritos en lengua castellana o inglesa, que reportasen casos aislados o series de casos de AF, de los que se recogieron variables clínico-demográficas. El objetivo principal de la revisión fue describir las características clínico-demográficas del AF. Secundariamente se pretendió determinar si la localización o la extensión lesional repercuten en la calidad de vida. Se revisaron 212 casos de AF incluidos en 91 artículos (edad media: 16,6 años, 91,94% varones). El 97,63% de los pacientes presentaron acné previo al brote de AF y el 54,90% contaba con antecedentes familiares de acné. En el 44,79% existió un factor desencadenante de AF (98,63% farmacológico: 65,28% isotretinoína). Las localizaciones más habitualmente afectas fueron cara (89,31%), tronco posterior (77,86%) y anterior (74,81%). El subtipo predominante fue el AF asociado a síntomas sistémicos (59,12%). Entre los síntomas sistémicos destacó la sintomatología general (97,06%). El tratamiento más prevalente fue la corticoterapia sistémica (81,03%). La repercusión del AF en la calidad de vida se reportó en 2 pacientes. Como conclusiones, el AF predomina en los varones adolescentes con antecedentes de acné vulgar, afectando fundamentalmente a la cara y el tronco. La forma más frecuente es el AF con síntomas sistémicos. Para su tratamiento, los corticoides sistémicos son los fármacos más frecuentemente empleados. La repercusión del AF en la calidad de vida está infrarreportada (AU)
Acne fulminans is a severe and rare form of inflammatory acne. Lesion severity and subsequent scarring has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on acne fulminans based on a search for relevant English- and Spanish-language articles published in Medline. We included case reports and case series. The main aim was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with acne fulminans. A secondary aim was to determine whether quality of life was affected by the site or extent of lesions. We reviewed 91 articles describing 212 cases of acne fulminans. The mean age of the patients (91.94% male) was 16.6 years. A personal and family history of acne vulgaris was reported for 97.63% and 54.90% of patients, respectively. A trigger was identified in 44.79% of cases. The main cause was pharmacologic (96.63%) and the main drug isotretinoin (65.28%). The sites most often affected were the face (89.31%), the posterior trunk (77.86%), and the anterior trunk (74.81%). The predominant disease subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms (59.12%), which were mostly general (97.06%). Systemic corticosteroids were the most widely used treatment (81.03%). The impact of the disease on quality of life was reported for 2 patients. In conclusion, acne fulminans mainly affects the face and trunk of male adolescents with a history of acne vulgaris. The main subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms, and most patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids. The effect of acne fulminans on quality of life is underreported (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Acne fulminans is a severe and rare form of inflammatory acne. Lesion severity and subsequent scarring has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on acne fulminans based on a search for relevant English- and Spanish-language articles published in Medline. We included case reports and case series. The main aim was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with acne fulminans. A secondary aim was to determine whether quality of life was affected by the site or extent of lesions. We reviewed 91 articles describing 212 cases of acne fulminans. The mean age of the patients (91.94% male) was 16.6 years. A personal and family history of acne vulgaris was reported for 97.63% and 54.90% of patients, respectively. A trigger was identified in 44.79% of cases. The main cause was pharmacologic (96.63%) and the main drug isotretinoin (65.28%). The sites most often affected were the face (89.31%), the posterior trunk (77.86%), and the anterior trunk (74.81%). The predominant disease subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms (59.12%), which were mostly general (97.06%). Systemic corticosteroids were the most widely used treatment (81.03%). The impact of the disease on quality of life was reported for 2 patients. In conclusion, acne fulminans mainly affects the face and trunk of male adolescents with a history of acne vulgaris. The main subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms, and most patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids. The effect of acne fulminans on quality of life is underreported (AU)
El acné fulminans (AF) es una forma rara y grave de acné inflamatorio. La intensidad de las lesiones cutáneas y las cicatrices secundarias impactan negativamente en la calidad de vida. Presentamos una revisión narrativa de casos de AF publicados en Medline. Se incluyeron artículos escritos en lengua castellana o inglesa, que reportasen casos aislados o series de casos de AF, de los que se recogieron variables clínico-demográficas. El objetivo principal de la revisión fue describir las características clínico-demográficas del AF. Secundariamente se pretendió determinar si la localización o la extensión lesional repercuten en la calidad de vida. Se revisaron 212 casos de AF incluidos en 91 artículos (edad media: 16,6 años, 91,94% varones). El 97,63% de los pacientes presentaron acné previo al brote de AF y el 54,90% contaba con antecedentes familiares de acné. En el 44,79% existió un factor desencadenante de AF (98,63% farmacológico: 65,28% isotretinoína). Las localizaciones más habitualmente afectas fueron cara (89,31%), tronco posterior (77,86%) y anterior (74,81%). El subtipo predominante fue el AF asociado a síntomas sistémicos (59,12%). Entre los síntomas sistémicos destacó la sintomatología general (97,06%). El tratamiento más prevalente fue la corticoterapia sistémica (81,03%). La repercusión del AF en la calidad de vida se reportó en 2 pacientes. Como conclusiones, el AF predomina en los varones adolescentes con antecedentes de acné vulgar, afectando fundamentalmente a la cara y el tronco. La forma más frecuente es el AF con síntomas sistémicos. Para su tratamiento, los corticoides sistémicos son los fármacos más frecuentemente empleados. La repercusión del AF en la calidad de vida está infrarreportada (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Acne fulminans is a severe and rare form of inflammatory acne. Lesion severity and subsequent scarring has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on acne fulminans based on a search for relevant English- and Spanish-language articles published in Medline. We included case reports and case series. The main aim was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with acne fulminans. A secondary aim was to determine whether quality of life was affected by the site or extent of lesions. We reviewed 91 articles describing 212 cases of acne fulminans. The mean age of the patients (91.94% male) was 16.6 years. A personal and family history of acne vulgaris was reported for 97.63% and 54.90% of patients, respectively. A trigger was identified in 44.79% of cases. The main cause was pharmacologic (96.63%) and the main drug isotretinoin (65.28%). The sites most often affected were the face (89.31%), the posterior trunk (77.86%), and the anterior trunk (74.81%). The predominant disease subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms (59.12%), which were mostly general (97.06%). Systemic corticosteroids were the most widely used treatment (81.03%). The impact of the disease on quality of life was reported for two patients. In conclusion, acne fulminans mainly affects the face and trunk of male adolescents with a history of acne vulgaris. The main subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms, and most patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids. The effect of acne fulminans on quality of life is under-reported.
ABSTRACT
Acne fulminans is a severe and rare form of inflammatory acne. Lesion severity and subsequent scarring has a negative impact on the patient's quality of life. We conducted a narrative review of the literature on acne fulminans based on a search for relevant English- and Spanish-language articles published in Medline. We included case reports and case series. The main aim was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with acne fulminans. A secondary aim was to determine whether quality of life was affected by the site or extent of lesions. We reviewed 91 articles describing 212 cases of acne fulminans. The mean age of the patients (91.94% male) was 16.6 years. A personal and family history of acne vulgaris was reported for 97.63% and 54.90% of patients, respectively. A trigger was identified in 44.79% of cases. The main cause was pharmacologic (96.63%) and the main drug isotretinoin (65.28%). The sites most often affected were the face (89.31%), the posterior trunk (77.86%), and the anterior trunk (74.81%). The predominant disease subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms (59.12%), which were mostly general (97.06%). Systemic corticosteroids were the most widely used treatment (81.03%). The impact of the disease on quality of life was reported for 2 patients. In conclusion, acne fulminans mainly affects the face and trunk of male adolescents with a history of acne vulgaris. The main subtype was acne fulminans with systemic symptoms, and most patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids. The effect of acne fulminans on quality of life is underreported.
Subject(s)
Acne Vulgaris , Quality of Life , Adolescent , Humans , Male , Female , Acne Vulgaris/drug therapy , Acne Vulgaris/epidemiology , Isotretinoin/therapeutic use , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Previous observations have noted that in some species of higher termites the soldier caste lacks pigmented particles in its gut and, instead, is fed worker saliva that imparts a whitish coloration to the abdomen. In order to investigate the occurrence of this trait more thoroughly, we surveyed a broad diversity of termite specimens and taxonomic descriptions from the Old World subfamilies Apicotermitinae, Cubitermitinae, Foraminitermitinae, Macrotermitinae, and Termitinae. We identified 38 genera that have this "white-gutted" soldier (WGS) trait. No termite soldiers from the New World were found to possess a WGS caste. Externally, the WGS is characterized by a uniformly pale abdomen, hyaline gut, and proportionally smaller body-to-head volume ratio compared with their "dark-gutted" soldier (DGS) counterparts found in most termitid genera. The WGS is a fully formed soldier that, unlike soldiers in other higher termite taxa, has a small, narrow, and decompartmentalized digestive tube that lacks particulate food contents. The presumed saliva-nourished WGS have various forms of simplified gut morphologies that have evolved at least six times within the higher termites.
ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dissection/instrumentation , Dissection/methods , Dissection , Methylene Blue/analysis , Cadaver , Intercostal Muscles/anatomy & histology , Intercostal Nerves/anatomy & histology , Subcutaneous Tissue/anatomy & histology , Pleura/anatomy & histology , Pectoralis Muscles/anatomy & histology , Brachial Plexus/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
La cirugía mamaria ha experimentado cambios en los últimos años motivando nuevas iniciativas para el manejo anestésico de estos pacientes, en aras de lograr la mayor calidad y una rápida recuperación. La herramienta fundamental que ha permitido una mejora significativa en los avances de la anestesia regional para enfermedad mamaria ha sido la ultrasonografía, impulsando la descripción e incorporación a la práctica clínica de los bloqueos interfasciales de la pared torácica, pese a que todavía el gold standard siga considerándose el bloqueo paravertebral. Es muy probable que estos bloqueos produzcan cambios en los protocolos de actuación en los próximos años. Se realiza una revisión de la anatomía de la región mamaria, descripción de los bloqueos y técnicas de realización, así como sus indicaciones, todo ello según los artículos disponibles y la opinión de los autores en función de su experiencia (AU)
The breast surgery has undergone changes in recent years, encouraging new initiatives for the anaesthetic management of these patients in order to achieve maximum quality and rapid recovery. The fundamental tool that has allowed a significant improvement in the progress of regional anaesthesia for breast disease has been ultrasound, boosting the description and introduction into clinical practice of interfascial chest wall blocks, although the reference standard is still the paravertebral block. It is very likely that these blocks will change the protocols in the coming years. A review is presented of the anatomy of the breast region, description of nerve blocks and techniques, as well as their indications, all according to published articles and the opinion of the authors based on their experience (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Nerve Block , Breast/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Mastectomy , Ultrasonography, MammaryABSTRACT
The breast surgery has undergone changes in recent years, encouraging new initiatives for the anaesthetic management of these patients in order to achieve maximum quality and rapid recovery. The fundamental tool that has allowed a significant improvement in the progress of regional anaesthesia for breast disease has been ultrasound, boosting the description and introduction into clinical practice of interfascial chest wall blocks, although the reference standard is still the paravertebral block. It is very likely that these blocks will change the protocols in the coming years. A review is presented of the anatomy of the breast region, description of nerve blocks and techniques, as well as their indications, all according to published articles and the opinion of the authors based on their experience.
Subject(s)
Nerve Block , Breast/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Humans , Mastectomy , Ultrasonography, MammaryABSTRACT
Introducción. El tumor desmoide es una neoplasia mesenquimal benigna rara en la edad pediátrica, originada principalmente en el tejido conectivo de músculos y aponeurosis. Con frecuencia, es mal diagnosticada como fibromas, procesos reactivos o fibrosarcomas de bajo grado. Se caracteriza por un crecimiento lento, localmente agresiva y con una alta tasa de recurrencia sin capacidad de metastatizar. Material y método. Niña de 7 años con tumoración para mandibular derecha de un año de evolución. Se caracterizaba por un crecimiento lento e indoloro, trismus y latero-desviación mandibular a la izquierda durante la apertura oral. Las pruebas de imagen mostraban tumor departes blandas en región maseterina con una reacción perióstica en el cuerpo mandibular. La biopsia informó de tumor desmoide. Resultados. Se realizó abordaje de Risdon para la exéresis tumoral más Split de cortical externa de cuerpo mandibular sin poder preservarla rama marginal del VII par craneal (PC). La anatomía patológica informó de fibromatosis agresiva sin afectación ósea. Actualmente presenta parálisis marginal y está libre de enfermedad. Conclusiones. Los tumores desmoides de cabeza y cuello son difíciles de tratar debido a la proximidad o implicación de estructuras vitales, su naturaleza infiltrativa y la tendencia a la recurrencia local. La cirugía primaria con márgenes quirúrgicos negativos es el tratamiento de elección. Sin embargo, en muchos casos esto implica cirugías (..) (AU)
Background. Desmoid tumor is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasmin children primarily originated in the muscle connective tissue, fascial sheaths, and musculoaponeurotic structures. It is often misdiagnosed as fibroids, reactive processes or low-grade fibro sarcomas. It is characterized by slow growth, locally aggressive nature, high recurrence rate without metastasize capacity. Material and methods. 7 year old girl with right (..) (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , Fibroma, Desmoplastic/surgery , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Desmoid tumor is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm in children primarily originated in the muscle connective tissue, fascial sheaths, and musculoaponeurotic structures. It is often misdiagnosed as fibroids, reactive processes or low-grade fibrosarcomas. It is characterized by slow growth, locally aggressive nature, high recurrence rate without metastasize capacity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 7 year old girl with right paramandibular tumor, a year of evolution. It was characterized by slow and painless growth, trismus and mandibular latero-deviation to the left during mouth opening. Imaging tests showed soft parts tumor in masseteric region with a periosteal reaction in the mandibular body. The biopsy reported a desmoid tumor. RESULTS: Risdon approach was performed for tumor resection and external cortical Split mandibular body, without preserving the marginal branch of CP VII. The pathology reports of aggressive fibromatosis without bone involvement. It currently presents marginal paralysis and free-disease. CONCLUSIONS: Desmoid tumors of head and neck are difficult to treat because of the proximity or involvement in vital structures, infiltrative nature and tendency to local recurrence. Primary surgery with negative surgical margins is the treatment of choice. However, in many cases this involves disfiguring surgery. Therefore, in these cases and in those surgical margins affections, the use of chemotherapy/non-cytotoxic drugs can be an alternative. Because they are low incidence tumors prospective multicenter studies are needed to clarify the role of adjuvant treatment in this tumor.
Subject(s)
Fibromatosis, Aggressive , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Child , Female , Fibromatosis, Aggressive/diagnosis , Fibromatosis, Aggressive/surgery , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery , HumansSubject(s)
Bone Cements/therapeutic use , Conscious Sedation , Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/instrumentation , Osteolysis/therapy , Spinal Diseases/therapy , Thoracic Vertebrae , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Aged , Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage , Anesthetics, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Humans , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use , Injections, Intralesional , Male , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Midazolam/therapeutic use , Osteolysis/etiology , Osteoporosis/chemically induced , Osteoporosis/complications , Premedication , Propofol/administration & dosage , Propofol/therapeutic use , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy , Spinal Diseases/chemically induced , Thoracic Vertebrae/pathologyABSTRACT
No disponible
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Positive-Pressure Respiration/methods , Spinal Diseases/surgery , Pulmonary Emphysema/complications , Respiratory Insufficiency/therapyABSTRACT
The efficacy and safety of famotidine (40 mg at night), a new potent H2-receptor antagonist, has been studied in 119 patients by four investigators in four Spanish hospitals in a randomized double-blind comparative study with cimetidine (800 mg at night). Antacid tablets were allowed as additional treatment, if needed for pain relief. There were no significant differences between the groups in baseline characteristics, including duodenal ulcer size. Efficacy parameters included daytime and nocturnal symptom relief and duodenal ulcer healing, documented by endoscopy, and defined as complete reepithelization of the ulcer crater. Endoscopy was performed at baseline and after 4 and 6 weeks of treatment. One hundred and five patients fulfilled the evaluation criteria (51 patients in the famotidine group and 54 in the cimetidine group). After 4 weeks, in 91.6% of the patients receiving famotidine and 82.3% of the patients receiving cimetidine ulcers were healed. After 6 weeks, healing rates were 96% (famotidine) and 85.1% (cimetidine) (p = 0.056). Pain relief was rapid in both treatment groups, with a tendency to better response during the day in the famotidine group. The intake of antacids, as well as the clinical and laboratory safety profile were similar for both groups.
Subject(s)
Cimetidine/therapeutic use , Duodenal Ulcer/drug therapy , Histamine H2 Antagonists/therapeutic use , Thiazoles/therapeutic use , Adult , Double-Blind Method , Drug Administration Schedule , Famotidine , Female , Humans , Male , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Random AllocationABSTRACT
Following the discovery and biochemical characterization of natural somatostatin its action profile has been thoroughly investigated. Although the name somatostatin was coined in virtue of its growth hormone release-inhibiting properties, a number of central and peripheral endocrine and paracrine actions have been ascribed to this peptide. Its inhibitory effect on a series of pituitary and gastrointestinal hormones has characterized somatostatin as a classical brain-gut hormone. Circulating and tissue levels of somatostatin and its possible physiological role are analyzed and clinical implications are drawn.
