Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Insulin/analogs & derivatives , Insulin/therapeutic use , Animals , Blood Glucose/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus/blood , Dogs , Humans , Hyperglycemia/blood , Hyperglycemia/drug therapy , Hypoglycemia/blood , Hypoglycemia/drug therapy , Insulin/adverse effects , Insulin/blood , Insulin/pharmacokinetics , Insulin Aspart , Insulin Glargine , Insulin Lispro , Insulin, Isophane/adverse effects , Insulin, Isophane/pharmacokinetics , Insulin, Isophane/therapeutic use , Insulin, Long-Acting , Swine , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A recombinant infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) vector has been constructed to express bovine growth hormone signal sequence plus a foot-and-mouth disease virus [FMDV (O1K)] capsid protein (VP1) epitope as the N-terminal sequence of an IBRV glycoprotein gIII fusion protein on the surface of virus infected cells and on the surface of virus particles. Sequences encoding the first 38 amino acids of IBRV gIII were deleted from the recombinant to avoid redundant glycoprotein signal sequences, but IBRV gIII epitopes detected by anti-gIII monoclonal antibodies were retained. Phenotypes were confirmed by in situ immunostaining of virus plaques with anti-FMDV peptide sera, by immunogold staining of permeabilized- and non-permeabilized infected cells, and by virus neutralization experiments with anti-FMDV peptide sera. Vaccination with the IBRV-FMDV recombinant induced protective levels of anti-FMDV antibodies in calves and protected them from challenge with virulent IBRV.
