[Occupational injury incidence due to biological material in a tertiary referral public hospital in Santa Fe province]. / Incidencia de accidentes laborales como potencial riesgo biológico en un hospital publico de tercer nivel de atención de la provincia de Santa Fe.

UNLABELLED: Occupational accidents due to biological materials cause significant harm to workers and institutions. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of accidents in doctors and nurses at the Hospital Provincial del Centenario (HPC) and particularly in Emergency Medical Service (EMS) between 2009 and 2013. METHODS: retrospective cohort study from the survey information of injuries by accidents with biohazard in doctors and nurses workers from HPC. RESULTS: medical workers reported 45.7% (95% CI 37.2 to 54.3%) of accidents and nurses 38.4% (from 30.3 to 47.1%). The incidence rate ratio (IRR) (doctors / nurses) (2009-2013) = 0.953 (0.661-1.373). EMS workers ages and seniority were significantly lower than those of other care areas taken together. Reports of accidents from the EMS were 34.1% (95% CI: 26.2 to 42.6%) of the total. EMS workers had age and seniority average significantly less than workers in other services. In EMS, the IRR (doctors / nurses) (2009-2013) = 6.337 (2.264 -17.733). SGM medical workers ages and seniority were significantly lower than those of nurses working in this service. CONCLUSION: The EMS was particularly vulnerable to occupational injuries, medical workers have a higher risk of accidents compared to nursing workers. The younger age and lower seniority of medical workers could be related at least partly to these findings.

Factores de riesgo sexual y parenteral en los encuestados durante la campaña contra hepatitis virales 2013, Rosario, Argentina / Sexual and parenteral risk factors in subjects surveyed during a campaign against viral hepatitis (2013), Rosario, Argentina

La enfermedad hepática viral constituye un problema y un desafío para los médicos y sus pacientes. En agosto de 2013 en la ciudad de Rosario se efectuó la Campaña de Detección y Vacunación de Hepatitis Virales. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar los principales factores de riesgo sexual (FRS) y parenteral (FRP) de los voluntarios asistentes a dicha campaña. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal utilizando como instrumento un cuestionario validado. Se encontró que el 37,1%(IC 95%: 32,8-41,6%) de los encuestados refería al menos un FRS, siendo el más prevalente la presencia de relaciones sexuales inseguras con el 68,9% (61,6-75,6%). El 35,7% (31,4-40,1%) presentó al menos un FRP, destacándose aquí la utilización de piercings y tatuajes con el 74,6% (67,4-80,9%) y el 48% (40,3-55,7%) respectivamente. En los individuos mayores de 60 años,los hombres hicieron referencia a mayor exposición a FRS que las mujeres (37,2% vs 16,2%; p= 0,019); mientras que para los menores de 40 años las mujeres presentaron mayor exposición a FRP (64,5% vs 45,0%; p= 0,016). La prevalencia de factores de riesgo aumentó al disminuir la edad de los respondedores. Los jóvenes entre 18 y 30 años mostraron además, asociación entre los FRS y FRP (p= 0,01). Los factores de riesgo estudiados resultan diferenciarse según grupos etarios y género. Es necesario contemplar una educación dirigida a distintos grupos poblacionales, focalizando en las debilidades propias de cada uno

Viral liver disease is a problem and a challenge for physicians and their patients. A campaign for the detection and vaccination againstviral hepatitis was performed in August 2013 in the city of Rosario, Argentina. This work aims to characterize the main sexual (SRF)and parenteral (PRF) risk factors among those volunteers attending the campaign. A cross-sectional study was conducted using avalidated questionnaire. It was found that 37.1% (95% CI: 32.8-41.6%) of the respondents mentioned at least one SRF; the mostprevalent factor was the presence of unsafe sex with 68.9% (61.6-75.6%). On the other hand, 35.7% (31.4-40.1%) referred atleast one PRF, of which the most frequent were the use of piercings and tattoos with 74.6% (67.4-80.9%) and 48% (40,3-55.7%)respectively. Men reported higher exposure to SRF than women (37.2% vs 16.2%, p= 0.019) among individuals older than 60 years;while for those under 40 years, women were more likely to show PRF (64.5% vs 45.0%, p= 0.016). The prevalence of risk factorswas increased while decreasing age of respondents. Young people between 18 and 30 also showed association between SRF and PRF(p = 0,01). Risk factors studied varied according to age groups and genders. It is necessary to provide education targeted to differentpopulation groups, focusing on their particular characteristics and weaknesses of each of them

Factores de riesgo sexual y parenteral en los encuestados durante la campaña contra hepatitis virales 2013, Rosario, Argentina / Sexual and parenteral risk factors in subjects surveyed during a campaign against viral hepatitis (2013), Rosario, Argentina

La enfermedad hepática viral constituye un problema y un desafío para los médicos y sus pacientes. En agosto de 2013 en la ciudad de Rosario se efectuó la Campaña de Detección y Vacunación de Hepatitis Virales. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo caracterizar los principales factores de riesgo sexual (FRS) y parenteral (FRP) de los voluntarios asistentes a dicha campaña. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal utilizando como instrumento un cuestionario validado. Se encontró que el 37,1%(IC 95%: 32,8-41,6%) de los encuestados refería al menos un FRS, siendo el más prevalente la presencia de relaciones sexuales inseguras con el 68,9% (61,6-75,6%). El 35,7% (31,4-40,1%) presentó al menos un FRP, destacándose aquí la utilización de piercings y tatuajes con el 74,6% (67,4-80,9%) y el 48% (40,3-55,7%) respectivamente. En los individuos mayores de 60 años,los hombres hicieron referencia a mayor exposición a FRS que las mujeres (37,2% vs 16,2%; p= 0,019); mientras que para los menores de 40 años las mujeres presentaron mayor exposición a FRP (64,5% vs 45,0%; p= 0,016). La prevalencia de factores de riesgo aumentó al disminuir la edad de los respondedores. Los jóvenes entre 18 y 30 años mostraron además, asociación entre los FRS y FRP (p= 0,01). Los factores de riesgo estudiados resultan diferenciarse según grupos etarios y género. Es necesario contemplar una educación dirigida a distintos grupos poblacionales, focalizando en las debilidades propias de cada uno(AU)

Viral liver disease is a problem and a challenge for physicians and their patients. A campaign for the detection and vaccination againstviral hepatitis was performed in August 2013 in the city of Rosario, Argentina. This work aims to characterize the main sexual (SRF)and parenteral (PRF) risk factors among those volunteers attending the campaign. A cross-sectional study was conducted using avalidated questionnaire. It was found that 37.1% (95% CI: 32.8-41.6%) of the respondents mentioned at least one SRF; the mostprevalent factor was the presence of unsafe sex with 68.9% (61.6-75.6%). On the other hand, 35.7% (31.4-40.1%) referred atleast one PRF, of which the most frequent were the use of piercings and tattoos with 74.6% (67.4-80.9%) and 48% (40,3-55.7%)respectively. Men reported higher exposure to SRF than women (37.2% vs 16.2%, p= 0.019) among individuals older than 60 years;while for those under 40 years, women were more likely to show PRF (64.5% vs 45.0%, p= 0.016). The prevalence of risk factorswas increased while decreasing age of respondents. Young people between 18 and 30 also showed association between SRF and PRF(p = 0,01). Risk factors studied varied according to age groups and genders. It is necessary to provide education targeted to differentpopulation groups, focusing on their particular characteristics and weaknesses of each of them(AU)

Expression of cytochromes P450 and glutathione S-transferases in human prostate, and the potential for activation of heterocyclic amine carcinogens via acetyl-coA-, PAPS- and ATP-dependent pathways.

Dietary factors appear to be involved in the high incidence of prostate cancer in "Westernized" countries, implicating dietary carcinogens such as heterocyclic amines (HAs) in the initiation of prostate carcinogenesis. We examined 24 human prostate samples with respect to their potential for activation and detoxification of HAs and the presence of DNA adducts formed in vivo. Cytochromes P450 1B1, 3A4 and 3A5 were expressed at low levels (<0.1-6.2 pmol/mg microsomal protein). N-Acetyltransferase (NAT) activities, using p-aminobenzoic acid (NAT1) and sulfamethazine (NAT2) as substrates, were <5-5,500 and <5-43 pmol/min/mg cytosolic protein, respectively. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) P1, M2 and M3 were expressed at 0.038-1.284, 0.005-0.126 and 0.010-0.270 microg/mg cytosolic protein, respectively; GSTM1 was expressed in all GSTM1-positive samples (0.012-0.291 microg/mg cytosolic protein); and GSTA1 was expressed at low levels (<0.01-0.11 microg/mg cytosolic protein). Binding of N-hydroxy-PhIP to DNA in vitro occurred primarily by an AcCoA-dependent process (<1-54 pmol/mg/DNA), PAPS- and ATP-dependent binding being <1-7 pmol/mg DNA. In vivo, putative PhIP- or 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts were found in 4 samples (0.4-0.8 adducts/10(8) bases); putative hydrophobic adducts were found in 6 samples (8-64 adducts/10(8) bases). Thus, the prostate appears to have low potential for N-hydroxylation of HAs but greater potential for activation of N-hydroxy HAs to genotoxic N-acetoxy esters. The prostate has potential for GSTP1-dependent detoxification of ATP-activated N-hydroxy-PhIP but little potential for detoxification of N-acetoxy-PhIP by GSTA1. However, there were no significant correlations between expression/activities and DNA adducts formed in vitro or in vivo, DNA adducts in vivo possibly reflecting carcinogen exposure.