ABSTRACT
Dental tissues represent an alternative and promising source of post-natal Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering. Furthermore, dental stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) cells can be obtained from the wisdom tooth which is unnecessary for human masticatory function and frequently extracted for orthodontic reasons or dysodontiasis. More precisely, apical papilla is the immature, mostly uncalcified, precursor of the tooth root, therefore is composed of more undifferentiated cells than dental pulp. In addition, tooth extraction, especially by piezosurgery technique, can be considered less invasive in comparison to bone marrow or other tissues biopsy. Our work is aimed to investigate the safety of and predictable procedure on surgical immature third molar extraction and to provide new insight on SCAP research for future biomedical applications. The isolated cells were examined for stem cell properties by analyzing their colony-forming efficiency, differentiation characteristics and the expression of MSC markers.
Subject(s)
Dental Pulp/cytology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology , Osteogenesis/genetics , Tooth Root/cytology , Adolescent , Biomarkers/metabolism , Cell Differentiation , Cell Proliferation , Cell Separation , Child , Colony-Forming Units Assay , Dental Pulp/metabolism , Female , Gene Expression , Humans , Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/genetics , Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins/metabolism , Male , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Molar/surgery , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/genetics , Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2/metabolism , Tissue Engineering , Tooth Extraction , Tooth Root/metabolism , Transcription Factors/genetics , Transcription Factors/metabolismABSTRACT
The idea of incorporating a mouthrinse with normal tooth brushing could be a useful adjunct to oral hygiene. Despite the principle nature of the toothpaste vehicle, most alcohol-based chemical plaque-control agents have been evaluated and later formulated in the mouthrinse vehicle. The current study was aimed to investigate the persistence of antimicrobial action and plaque inhibitory properties of a new alcohol-free mouthrinse when compared with positive control, chlorhexidine 0.12% and placebo control, physiologic saline solution mouthrinses. The evaluation of the antimicrobial activity was performed by saliva samples collected during the 3 days of usage. The results of this study indicate that this new oral rinse has an equivalent plaque inhibitory action to chlorhexidine, and the plaque inhibitory action of the rinse appears to be derived from a persistence of antimicrobial action in the mouth. Furthermore, no side effects were reported during the study, and the additional benefit of no alcohol presence in the rinse solution.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/therapeutic use , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Mouthwashes/therapeutic use , Oral Hygiene/methods , Saliva/microbiology , Citric Acid/administration & dosage , Diphosphates/administration & dosage , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mouthwashes/chemistry , Polyphosphates/administration & dosage , Potassium Compounds/administration & dosage , Saliva/drug effects , Sodium Bicarbonate/administration & dosage , Sodium Fluoride/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Fractional shortening/end-systolic stress (FS/ESS) correlation by echocardiography is a reliable index of left ventricular function. Acetate infusion or preload reduction due to water compartment re-equilibrium may induce ventricular derangements during dialytic treatment. In 13 patients on lactate haemofiltration (LHF) (mean age 56.8 +/- 11.9 years on regular dialytic treatment (RDT) for 75.3 +/- 56.5 months) and in seven patients on acetate haemodialysis (AHD) (mean age 48 +/- 10.7 years; on RDT for 43.9 +/- 49.2 months) fractional shortening/end-systolic stress was evaluated before and after single dialytic session. The following biochemical parameters were also studied: haematocrit (Htc), plasmatic osmolarity, ionised Ca, Na, K, and blood gases. In both groups the mean fractional shortening/end-systolic stress correlation maintained the same correlation coefficient before and after treatment (r = -0.68, P less than 0.001). Lactate haemofiltration and acetate haemodialysis by reducing the volume expansion and preload (mean interdialytic body-weight increase 2.5 +/- 0.8 kg in our patients), may decrease left ventricular contractility (Starling's law). Furthermore, acetate was postulated as a myocardial depressant. Dialysis-induced myocardial contractility variations plotted against fractional shortening/end-systolic stress correlation allowed the division of our patients into four different groups: (1) patients with increased fractional shortening and reduced end-systolic stress; (2) patients with unchanged fractional shortening and reduced end-systolic stress; (3) patients with reduced fractional shortening and increased end-systolic stress; and (4) patients with reduced fractional shortening and unchanged or reduced end-systolic stress. These groups include patients treated with either lactate haemofiltration or acetate haemodialysis. Our data cannot confirm the postulated acetate myocardial depressant activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
