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1.
Nephron ; 90(4): 484-8, 2002 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11961409

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate changes in the glomerular cell balance between replication and apoptosis in experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) in relation to morphometric data. METHODS: Adult Sprague-Dowley rats with streptozotocin-induced DM and controls of the same age and strain were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks and 6 months after disease onset. Cell replication was demonstrated with MIB-5, and apoptosis with the terminal uridine nick end labeling technique. Glomerular size and glomerular cell population were estimated morphologically. RESULTS: Diabetic and control rats showed irrelevant MIB-5 positivity at all time points. Glomerular apoptosis was minimal in rats with 4 and 8 weeks of DM and in controls. Rats with 6 months of DM showed significantly higher glomerular apoptosis values than controls (2.49 +/- 0.25 vs. 0.65 +/- 0.16%; p < 0.001). The mean cell count per glomerular profile was significantly lower in these diabetic rats (64.02 +/- 1.93 vs. 78.27 +/- 0.99; p < 0.001), a change that correlated with that in apoptosis. The glomerular cell density was further decreased in diabetic rats because of the diabetic increase in mean glomerular volume (1.598 vs. 0.927 10(6) microm). CONCLUSIONS: Apoptosis is associated with loss of glomerular cells in rats with long-term, streptozotocin-induced DM and - to a considerably lower degree - in controls of the same age and strain. These changes could be relevant to glomerulosclerosis associated with long-term, streptozotocin-induced DM.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis , Cell Division , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Kidney Glomerulus/pathology , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology , In Situ Nick-End Labeling , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors
2.
Autoimmunity ; 35(7): 469-74, 2002 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12685875

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several experimental studies in rats have demonstrated that sulfonylurea treatment increases autoantigen expression in B-cells. This phenomenon may be deleterious for the preservation of residual beta cell function in patients with slowly progressing type 1 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes of adult (LADA). AIM/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the exclusion of glibenclamide in the treatment of ICA positive type 2 diabetic patients may diminish or halt the humoral autoimmune response against B-cells as well as improve metabolic control and insulin secretion. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fourteen type 2 diabetic patients with pancreatic autoimmunity (ICA+ and GABA+) and treated with insulin and glibenclamide (duration of disease 2.0 +/- 2.2, range 0.1-7 years and age 53 +/- 12.5, range 36-75 years) were studied. Patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups, Group 1: insulin monotherapy (n = 8, age 53 +/- 6.4 years) (Exclusion of glibenclamide) and, Group 2: insulin plus glibenclamide (n = 6, age 53.5 +/- 16.9) (Unmodified treatment). Both groups were investigated at the beginning of the study and after one year for the following parameters: ICA and anti-GAD65 antibodies, fasting glucose and fasting C-peptide. RESULTS: In group 1, six out of eight patients became ICA negative while all patients in group 2 remained ICA positive (p = 0.0097). Fasting glucose concentrations improved in group 1 (4.6 +/- 2.8) in relation to group 2 (11.5 +/- 5.5, p = 0.0023) after one year of treatment. No differences were found for anti-GAD antibodies and fasting C-Peptide between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data show that exclusion of glibenclamide in the treatment of ICA+ type 2 diabetic patients partially decreases specific autoimmunity against endocrine pancreatic cells and improves metabolic control. This may reflect decreased expression of B-cell autoantigens suggesting that insulin monotherapy is a better choice for the treatment of LADA.


Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Glyburide/pharmacology , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Islets of Langerhans/drug effects , Autoantibodies/immunology , Blood Glucose , Body Mass Index , C-Peptide/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology , Glutamate Decarboxylase/immunology , Humans , Islets of Langerhans/immunology , Isoenzymes/immunology
3.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 10(2): 85-97, mayo-ago. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-17673

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron las características de los sueros con anticuerpos antiislotes pancreáticos (ICA+) títulos, ICA sobre páncreas de ratón (ICA-NR), reactividad a extractos glucolipídicos pancreáticos (REGP) y asociación a anticuerpos anti-GAD65) en diferentes grupos de sujetos: diabetes autoinmune del adulto (LADA, n = 20), diabéticos tipo 1 de reciente diagnóstico (DMIDrd, n = 43), familiares de primer grado de diabéticos tipo 1 (FPG, n = 31) y mujeres con diabetes gestacional (DG, n = 10). Se detectaron ICA e ICA-NR por la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta y los anticuerpos anti-GAD65, por un método RIA de inmunoprecipitación. Se utilizó la fase superior de extractos pancreáticos humanos que contienen glucolípidos para medir REGP de los ICA. Se determinaron las características de los ICA en los diferentes grupos: LADA: alta frecuencia en sus títulos (ü 80 unidades JDF) (80 porciento), anticuerpos anti-GAD65 (100 porciento) y baja frecuencia de ICA-NR (15 porciento) y REGP (15 porciento); DMIDrd: alta frecuencia de anticuerpos anti-GAD65 (72 porciento), ICA-NR (81 porciento) y REGP (86 porciento); FPG: alta frecuencia de ICA-NR (93 porciento) y REGP (87 porciento); DG: Bajos títulos de ICA (< 20 unidades JDF) (60 porciento) y alta frecuencia de REGP (80 porciento), aunque la REGP fue generalmente parcial. Se comprobó que en los grupos estudiados, el proceo de pérdida de la tolerancia inmunológica es disímil porque los ICA reconocen a determinantes antigénicos diferentes. Estos resultados son también importantes para seleccionar el marcador inmunológico correcto para la predicción del proceso autoinmune en cada entidad (AU)


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology , Diabetes, Gestational/immunology , Antibodies/analysis , Islets of Langerhans/immunology
4.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 10(2): 85-97, mayo-ago. 1999. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-271256

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron las características de los sueros con anticuerpos antiislotes pancreáticos (ICA+) títulos, ICA sobre páncreas de ratón (ICA-NR), reactividad a extractos glucolipídicos pancreáticos (REGP) y asociación a anticuerpos anti-GAD65) en diferentes grupos de sujetos: diabetes autoinmune del adulto (LADA, n = 20), diabéticos tipo 1 de reciente diagnóstico (DMIDrd, n = 43), familiares de primer grado de diabéticos tipo 1 (FPG, n = 31) y mujeres con diabetes gestacional (DG, n = 10). Se detectaron ICA e ICA-NR por la técnica de inmunofluorescencia indirecta y los anticuerpos anti-GAD65, por un método RIA de inmunoprecipitación. Se utilizó la fase superior de extractos pancreáticos humanos que contienen glucolípidos para medir REGP de los ICA. Se determinaron las características de los ICA en los diferentes grupos: LADA: alta frecuencia en sus títulos (ü 80 unidades JDF) (80 porciento), anticuerpos anti-GAD65 (100 porciento) y baja frecuencia de ICA-NR (15 porciento) y REGP (15 porciento); DMIDrd: alta frecuencia de anticuerpos anti-GAD65 (72 porciento), ICA-NR (81 porciento) y REGP (86 porciento); FPG: alta frecuencia de ICA-NR (93 porciento) y REGP (87 porciento); DG: Bajos títulos de ICA (< 20 unidades JDF) (60 porciento) y alta frecuencia de REGP (80 porciento), aunque la REGP fue generalmente parcial. Se comprobó que en los grupos estudiados, el proceo de pérdida de la tolerancia inmunológica es disímil porque los ICA reconocen a determinantes antigénicos diferentes. Estos resultados son también importantes para seleccionar el marcador inmunológico correcto para la predicción del proceso autoinmune en cada entidad(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Islets of Langerhans/immunology , Diabetes, Gestational/immunology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology , Antibodies/analysis , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immune Tolerance
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