ABSTRACT
Diarrhea is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS. We conducted at the Fann National University Hospital in Dakar, a study of all patients living with HIV, hospitalized in the the Clinical service of Infectious Diseases from 1 January 2003 to December 31, 2006, with diarrhea and having received an bacteriological and / or a parasitological examination of stools. The aim of this study was to identify the various pathogens isolated in the laboratory and responsible for those diarrhea. In total, 351 patients were collected, their average age was 39.93 years and the extreme ages 15 and 72 years. HIV1 serological profile was found in 90.77% of patients; 34.42% of patients received a dosage of CD4 count, among them 21.09% had a rate <200/mm3. Fifteen stool cultures were positive with the following breakdown: - Shigella (10 strains): 7 strains of Shigella flexneri, 2 of Shigella sp, one of Shigella sonnei; antibiotics most active on the Shigella strains were third generation cephalosporins and quinolones. - Salmonella (5 strains) with Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis, strains sensitive to an association of amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, to cephalosporins and to ciprofloxacin. 289 patients received a parasitological examination of the stools (KOP) and the positive number of KOP was 90 a 30,14% rate. The parasites most frequently found were: Cryptosporidium parvum, representing 10.38% of positive KOP, Isospora belli 6.23%, and Entamoeba coli 5.19%. These parasites were found predominantly in patients infected with HIV1 (61 cases/90). Cases of cobacterial and parasitic co-infections were also found. Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of death among people living with HIV. The etiologies of diarrhea, multiple, are yet to be identified and this should go through an improvement of the technical capacity and quality of our laboratories.
