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Nat Commun ; 15(1): 858, 2024 Jan 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38286996

ABSTRACT

Despite the potentially higher energy density and improved safety of solid-state batteries (SSBs) relative to Li-ion batteries, failure due to Li-filament penetration of the solid electrolyte and subsequent short circuit remains a critical issue. Herein, we show that Li-filament growth is suppressed in solid-electrolyte pellets with a relative density beyond ~95%. Below this threshold value, however, the battery shorts more easily as the density increases due to faster Li-filament growth within the percolating pores in the pellet. The microstructural properties (e.g., pore size, connectivity, porosity, and tortuosity) of [Formula: see text] with various relative densities are quantified using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy tomography and permeability tests. Furthermore, modeling results provide details on the Li-filament growth inside pores ranging from 0.2 to 2 µm in size. Our findings improve the understanding of the failure modes of SSBs and provide guidelines for the design of dendrite-free SSBs.

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