ABSTRACT
Orellanic syndrome is caused by fungi of the Cortinarius orellanus and speciosissimus (Europe) species, Cortinarius fluorescens (South America), and Cortinarius rainierensis (North America). Orellanic syndrome is characterized by initially nonspecific symptoms such as muscle and abdominal pain, and a metallic taste sensation in the mouth. After a few days, more specific symptoms appear, such as intense thirst, headache, chills without fever, and anorexia, followed by a phase of polyuria and then of oligoanuria. Renal failure occurs in 70% of cases and is often irreversible. The clinical case involves a 52-year-old man who developed acute renal failure from Orellanic syndrome, necessitating hemodialysis.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , Mushroom Poisoning , Male , Humans , Middle Aged , Mushroom Poisoning/complications , Mushroom Poisoning/diagnosis , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Syndrome , EuropeABSTRACT
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent monogenic kidney disease. It causes hypertension and progressive renal failure, both strictly linked to oxidative stress (OxSt). Treatment with tolvaptan is a consolidate option which slows renal deterioration rate, although the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully clarified. We evaluated the OxSt state in tolvaptan-treated ADPKD patients, untreated patients and healthy subjects. OxSt was assessed in 9 patients for each group as mononuclear cell protein expression, MYPT-1 phosphorylation state (Western blot) and heme oxygenase (HO-1) (ELISA). p22 phox protein expression was lower in tolvaptan treated ADPKD and controls compared to untreated patients: 0.86 ±0.15 d.u. p=0.015; 0.53 ±0.11, p<0.001; 1.42 ±0.11 respectively. The same was observed for phosphorylated MYPT-1: 0.68 ±0.09, p=0.013 and vs 0.47 ±0.13, p<0.001, 0.96 ±0.28, while HO-1 of untreated patients was significantly lower compared to treated and controls: 5.33 ±3.34 ng/mL, 2.08 ±0.79, p=0.012, 1.97 ±1.22, p=0.012. Tolvaptan-treated ADPKD patients have reduced OxSt, which might contribute to slowing down the loss of renal function.
Subject(s)
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant , Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Kidney , Male , Oxidative Stress , Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant/drug therapy , Tolvaptan/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Autosomal dominant polycystic disease (ADPKD) is the most frequent monogenic kidney disease. It causes progressive renal failure, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension, all of which are strictly linked to oxidative stress (OxSt). Treatment with tolvaptan is known to slow the renal deterioration rate, but not all the molecular mechanisms involved in this effect are well-established. We evaluated the OxSt state in untreated ADPKD patients compared to that in tolvaptan-treated ADPKD patients and healthy subjects. OxSt was assessed in nine patients for each group in terms of mononuclear cell p22phox protein expression, NADPH oxidase key subunit, MYPT-1 phosphorylation state, marker of Rho kinase activity (Western blot) and heme oxygenase (HO)-1, induced and protective against OxSt (ELISA). p22phox protein expression was higher in untreated ADPKD patients compared to treated patients and controls: 1.42 ± 0.11 vs. 0.86 ± 0.15 d.u., p = 0.015, vs. 0.53 ± 0.11 d.u., p < 0.001, respectively. The same was observed for phosphorylated MYPT-1: 0.96 ± 0.28 vs. 0.68 ± 0.09 d.u., p = 0.013 and vs. 0.47 ± 0.13 d.u., p < 0.001, respectively, while the HO-1 expression of untreated patients was significantly lower compared to that of treated patients and controls: 5.33 ± 3.34 vs. 2.08 ± 0.79 ng/mL, p = 0.012, vs. 1.97 ± 1.22 ng/mL, p = 0.012, respectively. Tolvaptan-treated ADPKD patients have reduced OxSt levels compared to untreated patients. This effect may contribute to the slowing of renal function loss observed with tolvaptan treatment.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: A well-functioning peritoneal catheter is key to success of peritoneal dialysis (PD). The Vicenza "short" catheter is a modified Tenckhoff catheter with a shorter intraperitoneal segment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of catheter-related complications and catheter survival rate using the Vicenza "short" catheter, according to the goals suggested by the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) guidelines. Second, we compared insertion techniques used in our center. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort, single-center study analyzing incident PD patients undergoing Vicenza "short" peritoneal catheter placement between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019. As clinical outcomes, we evaluated catheter patency at 12 months, exit-site/tunnel infection and peritonitis within 30 days of catheter insertion, visceral injury, or significant hemorrhage during the procedure, in accordance with ISPD guidelines. RESULTS: The percentage of patency at 12 months for all catheter insertion methods was 88.91%, and the percentage for laparoscopic placement was 93.75%. The exit-site/tunnel infection and peritonitis occurring within 30 days of catheter insertion were, respectively, 0.75% and 2.2%; the visceral injury leading to intervention was 0.75%. We did not have any case of significant hemorrhage. All results were in line with ISPD guidelines. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the Vicenza "short" catheter is a suitable device for peritoneal access. The implantation procedure is safe and easy to perform, and both nephrologists and surgeons can do it. A confident use and a proper implantation of the Vicenza "short" catheter help achieve the clinical ISPD goals for the PD access procedure in terms of catheter survival and complication rates.
Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis , Peritonitis , Catheterization/adverse effects , Catheterization/methods , Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects , Humans , Peritoneal Dialysis/methods , Peritonitis/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak represents a global health emergency, and dialysis patients are a high-risk population. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in hemodialysis facilities require specific protocols to be planned and promptly executed for the management of suspected/confirmed cases of COVID-19 with respect to prevention, protection, screening, and isolation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in our Hemodialysis Unit, we adopted individual protection measures accompanied by measures to minimize contacts among hemodialysis patients with suspicious symptoms as well as other patients and medical staff. We provided our patients detailed instructions to be followed in the event of their having symptoms compatible with SARS-CoV-2 infection or having contacts with SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects. Ultimately, four possible scenarios and care paths were developed and implemented in collaboration with the Infectious Diseases and Emergency Units at the Padua University Hospital. RESULTS: The application of this strategy has resulted in the nearly 200 patients treated in our hemodialysis facilities while there were only 2 cases of COVID-19 (1% incidence rate) with no deaths. CONCLUSION: We attribute the low COVID-19 incidence noted so far for patients in our hemodialysis facilities to the early detection and prompt isolation of suspected patients per our specific plan along with the prompt application of preventive measures.
Subject(s)
COVID-19/prevention & control , Hemodialysis Units, Hospital , Infection Control/methods , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis/methods , Adult , COVID-19/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Italy/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Nephrology , Patient Education as Topic , Patient Isolation , Risk Factors , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Esta entrevista é parte da seção especial da 21ª edição da Revista Publicação CEAPIA - seção comemorativa aos 70 anos de vida de nossa entrevistada.
Subject(s)
Humans , Interviews as Topic , Child PsychiatryABSTRACT
Este trabalho trata de um tema bastante atual, que provoca inquietações e questionamentos em todos aqueles, profissionais ou leigos, pais ou educadores, que percebem as influências das novas formas de comunicação virtual sobre os jovens. Ao pesquisar na literatura psicanalítica referências teóricas que pudessem embasar esta reflexão, pouco encontramos de específico. No entanto, deparamo-nos com inquietações indênticas por parte de autores comtemporâneos que se dedicaram ao tema e ofereceram valiosas contribuições para a elaboração deste escrito. Assim, examinamos alguns aspectos psicodinâmicos da adolescência na atualidade e suas intersecções com as formas de comunicação virtual. O comportamento do adolescente frente às vicissitudes da vida pós-moderna e sau relação com a virtualidade são questões que o presente artigo se propõe a discutir
ABSTRACT
Os transtornos de ansiedade são os transtornos psiquiátricos mais comuns na infância e adolescência, com uma prevalência entre 10 a 20
. Diferentes fatores de risco, fatores genéticos, temperamento, tipo de apego e influências parentais estão implicados nestes transtornos. Os aspectos relevantes dos diferentes transtornos de ansiedade, manifestações somáticas de ansiedade,bem como os tratamentos preconizados: psicoeducação, psicoterápico, cognitivo-comportamental, familiar e a psicofarmacoterapia foram revisados (AU)
Subject(s)
Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis , Adolescent , Risk Factors , Anxiety Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Os transtornos de ansiedade são os transtornos psiquiátricos mais comuns na infância e adolescência, com uma prevalência entre 10 a 20.
