ABSTRACT
Low back pain (LBP) can be less disabling in those who are physically active. This study analyzed the association between physical activity (PA)- and LBP-related disability in older people with LBP, exploring if this association was mediated by depressive symptoms. The authors analyzed the relationship between PA levels and disability using the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, respectively, collected at baseline from the Brazilian Back Complaints in the Elders study. The authors investigated depressive symptoms as a mediator of this association using the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. PA was inversely associated with disability. This association was smaller when considering the indirect effect through depressive symptoms. Thus, depressive symptoms partially mediated the association between PA and disability in older adults with LBP, and higher levels of PA were associated with less depressive symptoms and disability.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Population ageing is a worldwide phenomenon that has recently challenged public healthcare systems. The knowledge of the burden of chronic musculoskeletal disorders in elders is still limited, particularly in the developing world. This systematic review aimed to investigate the prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal disorders in elderly Brazilians. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed in five electronic databases (from inception to January 2012) and completed by additional searches in reference lists. Two review authors independently selected the eligible studies and extracted data on participants' characteristics and rates of chronic musculoskeletal disorders. One review author extracted methodological quality data. We performed a critical synthesis of the results, which were grouped into the diagnoses "chronic musculoskeletal pain" or "specific musculoskeletal diagnoses". RESULTS: Twenty five studies reporting on a total of 116,091 elderly Brazilians were included. Eight studies (32%) were of high methodological quality. There was a large variation in the measure of prevalence used by individual studies and in their definition of chronic pain. Prevalence estimates reached 86% for chronic musculoskeletal pain in any location. Studies investigating multiple pain sites found the lower limb and the spine to be the most prevalent complaints (50% each). Arthritis and rheumatism (including osteoarthritis) were the most prevalent specific musculoskeletal diagnoses (9% to 40%), followed by herniated disc (6% to 27%). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the growth of the elderly population worldwide, high-quality research on the burden of chronic musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly is still scarce. Future healthcare research focusing on this age group should be a priority in developing countries since their public healthcare systems are not yet fully prepared to accommodate the needs of an aging population.
Subject(s)
Aging/pathology , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Databases, Bibliographic , Humans , Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnosis , Musculoskeletal Diseases/physiopathology , Prevalence , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente a literatura sobre intervenções fisioterapêuticas e seus efeitos em idosos frágeis da comunidade. MÉTODOS: Revisão sistemática de estudos publicados até junho de 2008 nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, PEDro, SciELO, LILACS e Biblioteca Cochrane. Foram excluídos os artigos cuja amostra era constituída de idosos não frágeis, institucionalizados e hospitalizados; aqueles cujas intervenções propostas não foram a fragilidade e não eram específicos de fisioterapia. RESULTADOS: De acordo com os critérios de exclusão, dos 152 artigos encontrados no Medline, apenas 15 foram incluídos para análise; dos 71 artigos encontrados na base de dados PEDro, apenas um, uma vez que os outros 10 artigos encontrados já haviam sido selecionados pelo MEDLINE, e dos 461 artigos encontrados na base de dados Embase, apenas dois que não haviam sido selecionados nas outras bases de dados foram incluídos neste estudo. Foi verificado um total de sete diferentes tipos de intervenções: 1) fortalecimento muscular; 2) exercícios de fortalecimento muscular, equilíbrio, coordenação, flexibilidade, tempo de reação e treinamento aeróbico; 3) treino funcional; 4) fisioterapia; 5) fisioterapia realizada no domicílio; 6) adaptação ambiental e prescrição de dispositivo e 7) exercício na água. Os resultados de alguns estudos foram contraditórios mesmo com intervenções semelhantes. Os estudos analisados utilizaram formas distintas para definir fragilidade, o que dificultou as comparações dos resultados. CONCLUSÃO: Existem poucas evidências dos efeitos da intervenção fisioterapêutica em idosos frágeis comunitários, dificultando estabelecer consenso ou conclusões sobre a eficácia das propostas terapêuticas nessa complexa síndrome.
Objective: To carry out a systematic review of the literature on physical therapy interventions and their effect on frail community-dwelling elders. METHODS: Systematic review of studies published until June 2008 in the databases Medline, Embase, PEDro, SciELO, LILACS and Cochrane Library. We excluded studies with samples composed of institutionalized, hospitalized and non-frail participants, studies not aimed at treating frailty, and studies that were not specifically related to physical therapy. RESULTS: In accordance with the exclusion criteria, out of the 152 Medline articles, only 15 were considered for analysis, out of the 71 PEDro articles only one was considered as the other ten had already been selected in Medline, and out of the 461 Embase articles only two that had not been selected in others databases were included in this study. A total of seven different types of interventions were verified: 1) muscle strengthening; 2) exercises for muscle strengthening, balance, coordination, flexibility, reaction time and aerobic training; 3) functional training; 4) physical therapy; 5) at-home physical therapy; 6) environment adaptation and prescription of assistive device; 7) water exercise. The results of some studies were contradictory even with similar interventions. The analyzed studies had different definitions for fragility, which made it difficult to compare the results. CONCLUSION: There is little evidence of the effect of physical therapy intervention on frail community-dwelling elders; thus, it is not possible to reach a consensus or conclusion on the effectiveness of the therapeutic regimens proposed for this complex syndrome.
