Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/mortality , Ovarian Neoplasms/mortality , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Adult , Age Distribution , Age Factors , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Mortality/trends , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Russia/epidemiology , Survival AnalysisSubject(s)
Neoplasms/mortality , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Retrospective Studies , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Registries , History, 20th Century , Humans , Neoplasms/history , RussiaSubject(s)
Health Transition , Socioeconomic Factors , Female , Health Status Indicators , Humans , Male , Population Dynamics , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Incidence , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Russia/epidemiologySubject(s)
Neoplasms/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Neoplasms/therapy , Russia , USSRSubject(s)
Disease/classification , Population Dynamics , Social Support , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , RussiaSubject(s)
Neoplasms/mortality , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality/trends , Russia/epidemiology , Sex Distribution , Urban Population/statistics & numerical dataSubject(s)
Neoplasms/mortality , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Cause of Death , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Life Expectancy , Male , Middle Aged , Mortality/trends , Russia/epidemiology , Sex DistributionSubject(s)
Demography , Ecology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Neoplasms/mortality , Prevalence , Russia/epidemiology , Sex DistributionSubject(s)
Cancer Care Facilities/economics , Neoplasms/economics , Humans , Neoplasms/therapy , RussiaSubject(s)
Academies and Institutes/history , Neoplasms/history , Animals , History, 20th Century , Humans , Russia , USSRSubject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Age Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Neoplasms/mortality , Russia/epidemiology , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
Although an absolute difference of 10% (65,4 vs. 54,9%) in 5- and 9-year survival in breast cancer patients was recorded between the self-examination and control groups a large-scale randomized population-controlled study of 122,471 females has failed to provide significant differences (Log-rank - 0,774, p > 0.05). No significant decrease in mortality was observed in the self-examination group as compared with the untrained controls. As a result of providing more information to the population on risk factors. twice as many of the trained females consulted oncologists. Also, the number of early detection of breast tumor (T1-2NOMO) in both groups was 1,5-2,5 times that recorded elsewhere. Since 3,55 per 1,000 patients with breast tumors per year, aged 50-59, died of cardio-vascular disease, i.e. 3,1 times the expected 1,16 per 1,000, more attention should be focused on timely diagnosis and treatment of concomitant cardio-vascular pathology.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control , Breast Self-Examination , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/etiology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Program Evaluation , Risk Factors , Russia , Survival Analysis , World Health OrganizationSubject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Cause of Death , Female , Guidelines as Topic , Health Status , Humans , Male , Morbidity , Neoplasms/mortality , Russia/epidemiology , Sex DistributionABSTRACT
The functioning of the present-day system of public health is largely determined by the extent and effectiveness of the use of resources. The saving of resources is reflected in the costs. The research was concerned with development of methods of calculating the costs of clinical laboratory tests. Due account of costs offers means for evolving new patterns of self-reliance accounting and paid medical services.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/economics , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/economics , Costs and Cost Analysis , Efficiency, Organizational/economics , Hematologic Tests/economics , Humans , Laboratories, Hospital/economics , Russia , Salaries and Fringe Benefits/economics , WorkforceABSTRACT
A method for estimating the net cost of biochemical investigations has been developed as exemplified by the clinical laboratory of the N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology of the USSR Ministry of Health. A data bank including information on the wages fund, cost of material used, equipment wear, and other expenditures was created for these estimations. Labor consumption for each of the 27 types of biochemical investigations comprised the production time of physicians (79.3 percent) and laboratory assistants (87.3 percent). Net cost of physicians' productive minute has made up 0.04 roubles, that of laboratory assistants' minute, 0.02 roubles. Wastes unrelated to the time of investigation were also taken into consideration.
Subject(s)
Chemistry, Clinical/economics , Laboratories/economics , Costs and Cost Analysis , USSRABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to work out economic rationale for intensifying treatment at specialized oncological establishments. Modern modalities of cancer treatment require patients to be admitted to specialized hospitals. However, at present nearly half of them receive treatment in general medical establishments which, as a rule, do not have facilities for combined and complex treatment. It is estimated that shifting patient examination emphasis from hospital to outpatient clinic might increase the clinical bed turnover by 6.7% which, in turn, will allow to treat 43000 patients more in specialized hospitals every year. The introduction of such scheme will cost 6.8 times less than commission of new beds required for management of the equivalent number of cancer patients.