ABSTRACT
Background: The Salmonella Enteritidis is one of the most isolated pathogens in outbreaks of foodborne illness, whichcan occur due to various factors such as cooking temperature, inadequate storage and cross-contamination. The choice ofthe appropriate disinfectant in food industries is essential to prevent the spread of contamination and control of biofilmson surfaces. It is also extremely important the concern with resistance to antimicrobials used both as growth promotersand in human and animal treatments, which may generate a selective pressure favoring the emergence of resistant bacteria.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty samples of Salmonella Enteritidis were tested, 10 from outbreaks of foodbornediseases and 10 of poultry origin, as for the formation of biofilms, antibiotic resistance and sanitizers. The samples werestored frozen in BHI with 20% glycerol. For reactivation were incubated in BHI broth, plated on XLD agar and subsequentlyperformed biochemical tests to check purity. Firstly were evaluated for biofilm formation on polystyrene at temperature of36 ± 1ºC. We tested the sanitizing resistance to biguanide concentrations 0.6%, 1.0% and 1.5%, peracetic acid at concentrations 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0%, and quaternary ammonia at concentrations of 0.3%, 1.0% and 2.0%. For tests of antimicrobialresistance the cultures were evaluated front 10 μg ampicillin, 30 μg cephalexin, 30 μg chloramphenicol, 5 μg enrofloxacin,15 μg erythromycin, 30 μg neomycin, 25 μg sulphazotrim, 300 μg sulfonamides. According to the results, 25% of sampleswere strongly biofilm formers, 35% moderately formers, 35% weakly formers and 10% not biofilm formers. In sanitizers, quaternary ammonia and peracetic acid were effective at all concentrations and at all times, but tests with biguanide...
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents , Biofilms , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Salmonella enteritidisABSTRACT
Background: Salmonella spp. is recognized as being one of the most common bacterial causes of food-borne illness spreadon poultry production due to easy adaptation to environment and diffi cult to eradicate. In poultry production system antimicrobials are added in feed as growth promoters in continuous and sub-therapeutic doses, inducing a selective pressure andconsequent antimicrobial resistance. This management causes public health problems to disseminate resistant pathogensthrough food chain and reduce the options of treatment of bacterial infections.Materials, Methods & Results: The samples were isolated in a poultry slaughterhouse under Federal Inspection in amonitoring, research and quantifi cation project of Salmonella spp in critical control points in slaughterhouse. Adaptedmethodology was used for quantifi cation of Salmonella as follows: swabs and cages were placed in 50 mL of peptonewater buffered 1% (PW 1%) and incubated at 37ºC for 12 h; for the analysis of water 100 mL were inoculated in 50 mL ofpeptone water buffered in triple concentration and incubated at 37ºC for 12 h; the chickens and carcasses were packed insterile bags with a capacity of 4000 mL, added 150 mL of peptone water buffered 1%, agitated manually for one minuteand the rinsing broth incubated by 12 h at 37ºC. After hatching were made decimal dilutions Rapapport Vassiliadis broth(RV), inoculated 1 mL in 9 mL of RV broth until 10-3 dilution and incubation for 12 h at 41°C in a water bath with agitation. After this period 100 µL of RV broth were seeded in Agar Rambach and Agar XLD and the plates incubated at 37ºCfor 12 h. Salmonella-like growth were placed in Agar Rambach and confi rmed as Salmonella to biochemical tests (TSI,LIA, urea broth) and assayed for polyvalent antiserum to Salmonella. The fi nal identifi cation of the samples was carriedout by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR, Premi® Test Salmonella DSM). Were selected 20 samples of Salmonella...
Subject(s)
Animals , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Poultry/microbiology , Chickens/microbiology , AbattoirsABSTRACT
Background: The Salmonella Enteritidis is one of the most isolated pathogens in outbreaks of foodborne illness, whichcan occur due to various factors such as cooking temperature, inadequate storage and cross-contamination. The choice ofthe appropriate disinfectant in food industries is essential to prevent the spread of contamination and control of biofilmson surfaces. It is also extremely important the concern with resistance to antimicrobials used both as growth promotersand in human and animal treatments, which may generate a selective pressure favoring the emergence of resistant bacteria.Materials, Methods & Results: Twenty samples of Salmonella Enteritidis were tested, 10 from outbreaks of foodbornediseases and 10 of poultry origin, as for the formation of biofilms, antibiotic resistance and sanitizers. The samples werestored frozen in BHI with 20% glycerol. For reactivation were incubated in BHI broth, plated on XLD agar and subsequentlyperformed biochemical tests to check purity. Firstly were evaluated for biofilm formation on polystyrene at temperature of36 ± 1ºC. We tested the sanitizing resistance to biguanide concentrations 0.6%, 1.0% and 1.5%, peracetic acid at concentrations 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0%, and quaternary ammonia at concentrations of 0.3%, 1.0% and 2.0%. For tests of antimicrobialresistance the cultures were evaluated front 10 μg ampicillin, 30 μg cephalexin, 30 μg chloramphenicol, 5 μg enrofloxacin,15 μg erythromycin, 30 μg neomycin, 25 μg sulphazotrim, 300 μg sulfonamides. According to the results, 25% of sampleswere strongly biofilm formers, 35% moderately formers, 35% weakly formers and 10% not biofilm formers. In sanitizers, quaternary ammonia and peracetic acid were effective at all concentrations and at all times, but tests with biguanide...(AU)
Subject(s)
Salmonella enteritidis , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Biofilms , Anti-Infective AgentsABSTRACT
Background: Salmonella spp. is recognized as being one of the most common bacterial causes of food-borne illness spreadon poultry production due to easy adaptation to environment and diffi cult to eradicate. In poultry production system antimicrobials are added in feed as growth promoters in continuous and sub-therapeutic doses, inducing a selective pressure andconsequent antimicrobial resistance. This management causes public health problems to disseminate resistant pathogensthrough food chain and reduce the options of treatment of bacterial infections.Materials, Methods & Results: The samples were isolated in a poultry slaughterhouse under Federal Inspection in amonitoring, research and quantifi cation project of Salmonella spp in critical control points in slaughterhouse. Adaptedmethodology was used for quantifi cation of Salmonella as follows: swabs and cages were placed in 50 mL of peptonewater buffered 1% (PW 1%) and incubated at 37ºC for 12 h; for the analysis of water 100 mL were inoculated in 50 mL ofpeptone water buffered in triple concentration and incubated at 37ºC for 12 h; the chickens and carcasses were packed insterile bags with a capacity of 4000 mL, added 150 mL of peptone water buffered 1%, agitated manually for one minuteand the rinsing broth incubated by 12 h at 37ºC. After hatching were made decimal dilutions Rapapport Vassiliadis broth(RV), inoculated 1 mL in 9 mL of RV broth until 10-3 dilution and incubation for 12 h at 41°C in a water bath with agitation. After this period 100 µL of RV broth were seeded in Agar Rambach and Agar XLD and the plates incubated at 37ºCfor 12 h. Salmonella-like growth were placed in Agar Rambach and confi rmed as Salmonella to biochemical tests (TSI,LIA, urea broth) and assayed for polyvalent antiserum to Salmonella. The fi nal identifi cation of the samples was carriedout by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR, Premi® Test Salmonella DSM). Were selected 20 samples of Salmonella...(AU)