ABSTRACT
Given the often fragmentary nature of unidentified human remains, and the importance of using multiple criteria to estimate age at death, it is essential to have a variety of methods that use different anatomical sampling sites. In this study, osteon population densities (OPDs) were determined from transverse sections removed from an area immediately adjacent to the sternal ends of 60 autopsy rib samples. Regression analysis was performed using age at death as the dependent variable and OPD as the independent variable. The results of a "training set/test set" strategy to evaluate the performance of the histological age predicting model indicates that it provides reasonably reliable and accurate age estimates. A multiple regression model using both OPD and the mean age for a rib's morphological age according to the phase method of Iscan et al. [7,8] is also presented. This later age predicting model is recommended when both methods are applicable.
Subject(s)
Death , Forensic Medicine/methods , Ribs/anatomy & histology , Adult , Age Factors , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Regression AnalysisABSTRACT
A case report is given including endoscopic and morphological findings of a 19 year old female patient with colitis cystica profunda. Diagnosis could only be established by histological examination of material which had been taken from deep layers of the rectum wall. Lesions were so close to the anal region, that no surgical resection was done, because this would had impaired continence. A review of the literature is given in addition to the case report.
Subject(s)
Colitis/pathology , Intestinal Polyps/pathology , Rectal Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Biopsy , Cysts/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Epithelium/pathology , Humans , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Male , Rectum/pathologyABSTRACT
Blood samples from more than 1,000 patients with colorectal cancer were tested in the leukocyte migration test (LMT) and by a radioimmunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for evaluation of: 1) the correlation of LMT response to the status of disease and 2) the use of LMT and CEA determination in the monitoring of patients after surgical removal of the primary tumor. A total of 320 patients, which were tested repeatedly, constituted the key group of the investigation: Of these, 56 patients developed recurrences or metastases whereas 217 patients showed no sign of reactivated disease. The group of patients with persistent absence of disease showed test profiles of either persistent negativity (50%) or conversion of one or both parameters; persistently positive profiles were rarely encountered. Patients with recurrences and metastases showed either positive profiles or conversion of positivity; only 3 patients were negative in both tests. However, despite significant disease-related response of the LMT, the test is not recommended as an adjunct to postsurgical monitoring, because of its technical complexity.
Subject(s)
Colonic Neoplasms/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Colonic Neoplasms/immunology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test , Leukocytes/immunology , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Rectal Neoplasms/immunologyABSTRACT
Tumor extracts varying in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) content (0.4--2,280 ng/mg protein) did not affect the reactivity of cancer patients' leukocytes in the leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT). In addition, variations in the plasma CEA levels of tumor-bearing leukocyte donors did not influence the frequency of significant LMIT reactivity.
Subject(s)
Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Cell Migration Inhibition , Neoplasms/immunology , Adenocarcinoma/immunology , Carcinoma/immunology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology , Colonic Neoplasms/immunology , Fetus/immunology , Humans , Leukocytes/immunology , Lung Neoplasms/immunology , Stomach Neoplasms/immunologyABSTRACT
Six dogs were subjected to an acute stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The mean aortic pressure was fixed with a windkessel and an occluder on four different levels. A significant decrease of coronary blood flow and poststenotic coronary pressure was closely related to the level of mean aortic pressure. With lower aortic pressure the decrease occurred earlier than with higher aortic pressure. A 50% stenosis did not significantly influence coronary flow and poststenotic coronary pressure. A 90% stenosis resulted in decrease below 10% of control. In a range of aortic pressure between 60 and 140 mm Hg reactive hyperemia was significantly diminished at a 60% stenosis. Reactive hyperemia was completely abolished when coronary stenosis was 90%.
Subject(s)
Coronary Circulation , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Animals , Aorta , Blood Pressure , Dogs , HyperemiaABSTRACT
Irreversible shock is produced in 28 anaesthetized mongrel dogs by withdrawal of erythrocytes and substitution by dextran, gelatine or plasma to an average Hb of 4.5g%. In contrast to other shock models cardiac output and perfusion pressure are not decreased by this preparation. In order to maintain arterial blood pressue above 90 mm Hg significantly more gelatine than dextran or serum has to be infused. There is no difference in hemodynamic responses after treatment with dextran or gelatine respectively. Both groups treated with colloidal solutions have the same survival rate of 38%. In the serum substituted dogs, however,survival rate is significantly greater (83%). Very likely this is due to a greater buffer capacity preventing severe acidosis, which is observed in the animals treated with colloidal solutions.
Subject(s)
Plasma Substitutes/therapeutic use , Shock, Hemorrhagic/therapy , Anemia , Animals , Biological Transport , Blood Pressure , Cardiac Output , Dextrans/therapeutic use , Dogs , Female , Gelatin/therapeutic use , Heart Rate , Hematocrit , Hemoglobins , Male , Oxygen Consumption , PlasmaABSTRACT
The left anterior descending coronary artery was variably constricted mechanically in nine dogs. Blood flow in the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex coronary arteries (CCA), aortic pressure and peripheral, i.e. post-stenotic coronary pressure were measured. Myocardial perfusion was determined from the clearance of radioactive xenon injected at a depth of 7 mm into the underperfused area supplied by the LAD artery. The vasoactive drug 1-(pyrrolidinyl-1-carbonyl)-methyl-4-(3,4,5-tri-methoxycinnamoyl)piperazine-maleate (cinepazide) was given at doses of 5-10 mg/kg by i.v. route. 1. Blood flow in the LAD was decreased stepwise to 50% of its initial value. There was practically no more coronary reserve. After drug injection, diastolic aortic pressure, that normally falls, was kept constant by clamping. Heart rate, perfusion pressure, post-stenotic pressure, and blood flow and resistance in the LAD showed practically no change. In the CCA, blood flow increased significantly (p less than 0.005) and flow resistance decreased (p less than 0.001). 133Xe clearance showed an increased myocardial perfusion (p less than 0.02) in the territory supplied by the LAD artery. 2. The lumen of the LAD was narrowed by 53%, i.e., coronary reserve was decreased. This constriction was followed by no haemodynamic reaction. After injection of cinepazide, mean and diastolic aortic pressure (p less than 0.02) and post-stenotic coronary pressure (p less than 0.005) decreased. Blood flow increased by 41% in the CCA and by 31% in the LAD. Coronary resistance in these vessels decreased (p less than 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). Here, too, the 133Xe clearance curve showed an increase in myocardial perfusion in the territory supplied by the LAD artery (+78%).
Subject(s)
Coronary Circulation/drug effects , Piperazines/pharmacology , Pyrrolidines/pharmacology , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Cinnamates/pharmacology , Constriction , Coronary Vessels/physiology , Dogs , Female , Male , Vascular Resistance/drug effectsABSTRACT
In 7 mongrel dogs myocardial ischemia is produced by means of an ameroid constrictor placed on the left circumflex coronary artery (CCA). Myocardial blood flow (MBF) is diminished by 56% in an area of 25% of the anterior wall of the left ventricle. A decrease in dp/dtmax suggests a small depression of left ventricular function. After bypass operation the slight changes in EDP, dp/dtmax and Vmax indicate no significant improvement of total ventricular function. MBF increases from 42 +/- 10 ml/100 g/min to 67 +/- 21 ml/100 g/min (p smaller than 0.02) in the area supplied by the bypass. In this region intramyocardial pressure rises significantly suggesting improvement of regional myocardial function.
Subject(s)
Coronary Artery Bypass , Coronary Circulation , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Animals , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Calcium/pharmacology , Collateral Circulation , Coronary Circulation/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Dogs , Heart Rate , Heart Ventricles/physiopathologyABSTRACT
In 7 dogs a severe stenosis of the left circumflex coronary artery (CCA) is produced in the course of 18 days. The influence of myocardial revascularization on left ventricular function and on intramyocardial pressures in the areas supplied by the CCA and by the left anterior descending coronary artery is studied. Neither under control conditions nor during acute left ventricular pressure load does opening a bypass graft between the carotid artery and CCA induce a significant change in total ventricular function (dp/dtmax, Vmax, left ventricular enddiastolic pressure). However, immediately after opening the graft intramyocardial pressure rises in the CCA area indicating a regional improvement of myocardial function.
