ABSTRACT
The Community Health Assessment Program-Philippines (CHAP-P) is an international collaboration of investigators whose aim is to adapt a previously proven Canadian community-based cardiovascular awareness and prevention intervention to the Philippines and other low-middle-income countries. Choosing a method of blood pressure measurement for the research program presents a challenge. There is increasing consensus globally that blood pressure measurement with automated devices is preferred. Recommendations from low-middle-income countries, including the Philippines, are less supportive of automated blood pressure devices. The value placed on factors including device accuracy, durability, cost, energy source, and complexity differ with local context. Our goal was to support the progress of local policy concerning blood pressure measurement while testing a comprehensive approach to community-based screening for cardiovascular risk. The authors describe the challenges in making a choice of blood pressure device and the approach to determine optimal method of measurement for our research program.
Subject(s)
Blood Pressure Determination/instrumentation , Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/diagnosis , Public Health/trends , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Awareness , Blood Pressure Determination/methods , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Planning Guidelines , Health Promotion/methods , Health Resources/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Hypertension/prevention & control , Mass Screening/methods , Philippines/epidemiology , Program EvaluationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: There is limited understanding about what treatment decision making (TDM) means to patients. The study objective was to identify any processes or stages of TDM as perceived by women with early stage breast cancer (ESBC). METHODS: Initial consultations with a surgeon or medical oncologist were videotaped. Subsequently, women viewed their consultation using a qualitative approach with video-stimulated recall (VSR) interviews. Interviews were taped, transcribed, and analyzed. RESULTS: There were 6 surgical and 15 medical oncology (MO) consultations. Most women described TDM as beginning soon after diagnosis and involving several processes including gathering information from informal and formal networks and identifying preferred treatment options before the specialist consultation. Many women wanted more information from their surgeon so they could engage in subsequent TDM with their medical oncologist. CONCLUSION: In this study, women with ESBC began TDM soon after diagnosis and used several iterative processes to arrive at a decision about their cancer treatment. VSR interviews can be useful to investigate TDM occurring during the consultation. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Women with ESBC rely on information provided by their surgeons and family physicians to make treatment decisions about surgery and also to prepare them for subsequent discussions with medical oncologists about chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Decision Making , Patient Participation/psychology , Women/psychology , Aged , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Cooperative Behavior , Female , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Mastectomy , Medical Oncology , Middle Aged , Ontario , Patient Education as Topic , Patient Participation/methods , Patient Selection , Physician's Role/psychology , Physician-Patient Relations , Qualitative Research , Risk Assessment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Videotape Recording , Women/educationABSTRACT
Different service models have emerged in Canada and the United States to address the issue of senior citizens' lack of access to comprehensive dental care. Over the past decade, one such model, the use of mobile dental service units, has emerged as a practical strategy. This article describes a mobile unit, operated as an adjunct to the general practitioner's office and relying mainly on existing office resources, both human and capital, to deliver services at long-term care institutions. The essential components of a profitable geriatric mobile unit are described, including education, equipment, marketing research and development, and human resource management. Issues related to patient consent and operating expenditures are also discussed. Data from one practitioner's mobile dental unit, in Hamilton, Ontario, are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and profitability of this approach.
