ABSTRACT
Tubal disease remains the most important factor in female infertility. Many investigators reported that patients with hydrosalpinx had a decreased clinical pregnancy rate and an increased miscarriage rate, resulting in a decreased ongoing pregnancy rate when compared to that of patients with other types of tubal disease. Different studies showed a deleterious effect of the presence of hydrosalpinx on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, because toxic agents flowing from the hydrosalpinx to the uterus impair the implantation rate. Operative laparoscopy is effective in the treatment of hydrosalpinges (Stage I or II). Fertility outcome is related to tubal damage. Patients with Stage III and IV disease should be managed from the beginning with in vitro fertilization. Excision of hydrosalpinx(-ges) improves the pregnancy potential after in vitro fertilization. We believe that assisted reproductive technology and reproductive surgery can be complementary. The development of laparoscopic surgery and in vitro fertilization improved the pregnancy rate in patients with tubal factor infertility.
