Acral persistent papular mucinosis: a rare child case report and literature review.

Background: Acral persistent papular mucinosis (APPM) is a rare idiopathic subtype of localized lichen myxedematosus. To date, there have been less than 41 APPM cases reported worldwide, however, almost all patients were older than 18 years of age. A 7-year-old child was first reported in this paper. Case Description: A 7-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with a solitary skin-colored papule on the radial side of the middle segment of his right index finger. The patient wanted to know the exact diagnosis and remove it because the flexion movement of the middle segment had been affected. Thus, a surgery was performed. Histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen obtained from the papule on the radial side of the middle segment of his right index finger showed a focal and well-circumscribed deposit of mucin in the papillary and middermis. The deposit never extended deeply into the reticular dermis. Mucin spared a subepidermal area in the papillary dermis. Alcian blue stains can highlight the mucin. The papule was histologically diagnosed as an APPM and excised surgically. The wound gradually healed after the operation, and no obvious recurrence, scar or other discomfort was observed during follow-up so far. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the rare case of a child APPM presenting as a solitary papule affecting the flexion movement of the middle segment. Since it is a rare disease, we report this case to contribute to future research on the diagnosis and pathogenesis of APPM.

A Rare Lipoma of Tongue in a 4-Year-Old Child: A Case Report With Literature Review.

Lipoma of the tongue is a rare benign tumor that accounts for approximately 1% to 5% of all oral cavity tumors while 0.3% of tumors are of the tongue. Notably, it is rarer in children. In this article, we report the case of a 4-year-old girl with lipomas of the tongue. The lipomas were found at age 1 year by her parents, located on the tip, ventro, and dorsum of the tongue, and presenting with a trend to increase gradually. At the time of presentation to the hospital at age 4 years, the articulatory function of the patient was partially affected, and surgical excision was performed. The surgery was uneventful, and no evidence of recurrence was noted at 3 month follow-up.

Development and post-Kasai procedure prognostic relevance of histological features for biliary atresia.

OBJECTIVES: To validate an appropriate evaluation method of liver fibrosis assessment based on the unique pathological features of biliary atresia (BA) that could well predict its prognosis. METHODS: A total of 68 patients with BA who underwent Kasai procedure (KP) and an intraoperative liver biopsy, followed up from January 2019 to December 2021, were recruited in a retrospective analysis. Ishak, Metavir, and BA-specific staging systems in relation to outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression, COX proportional hazard regression, Kaplan-Meier analysis, etc. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis determined a significant difference in native liver survival according to the BA-specific stage (p = 0.002). The ROC curve analysis for predicting prognosis showed that the AUC of BA-specific staging combined with iBALF and severe bile duct proliferation (BDP) (0.811, 95% CI: 0.710-0.913, p < 0.0001) was higher than BA-specific staging alone (0.755, 95% CI: 0.639-0.872, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The BA-specific staging system reflects the condition of the liver fibrosis, and its combination with iBALF and severe BDP helps to better evaluate the prognosis of patients with BA.

Transcriptome analysis of brassinolide under low temperature stress in winter wheat.

Low temperatures are the main abiotic factor affecting wheat growth. Brassinolide is a novel plant hormone that can improve the cold resistance of plants; however, the molecular mechanism of brassinolide in winter wheat at low temperatures remains unclear. In this study, winter wheat Dongnong dongmai 1 was sprayed with 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 mg·L-1 brassinolide (BR) at the three-leaf stage, and tillering nodes were sampled at different temperatures (5, -10 and -25 °C), and then physiological indexes were determined and the transcriptome was sequenced. The results showed that the optimum concentration of brassinolide for cold resistance is 0.1 mg·L-1. A total of 15 302 (8198 upregulated and 7104 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B1 vs D1 comparison (B1 represents 5 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D1 represents 5 °C control); 3386 (1930 upregulated and 1456 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B2 vs D2 comparison (B2 represents -10 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D2 represents -10 °C control); and 2684 (2102 upregulated and 582 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B3 vs D3 comparison (B3 represents -25 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D3 represents -25 °C control). Further studies showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organs, photosynthesis and plant-pathogen interactions, all of which were related to stress and energy metabolism. This indicates that brassinolide can produce substances that improve cold resistance in wheat seedlings. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the improvement of cold resistance in winter wheat by brassinolide.