MicroRNA-34a inhibits bladder cancer cell migration and invasion, and upregulates PTEN expression.

MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a) serves as a tumor suppressor in a number of different types of cancer. The present study was performed to investigate the involvement of miR-34a in bladder cancer. In the present study, miR-34a was downregulated in patients with bladder cancer compared with the healthy controls in bladder biopsies and plasma. Downregulation of miR-34a distinguished between patients with bladder cancer and the healthy controls. miR-34a expression was associated with tumor metastasis; however, not with tumor size. Transfection of miR-34a mimics upregulated the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in bladder cancer cells, and decreased cell migration and invasion. miR-34a may inhibit bladder cancer cell migration and invasion by upregulating PTEN. miR-34a may additionally serve as a potential therapeutic target for bladder cancer.

[Evaluation and Comparison of SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.Nephrolithometry Scoring System,and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Nephrolithometry Nomogram for Predicting Stone Free Rate and Postoperative Outcomes after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy].

To compare the accuracy of SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.nephrolithometry scoring system,and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society(CROES)nephrolithometry nomogram in predicting percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)outcomes including stone free rate(SFR)and perioperative status. Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with nephrolithiasis undergoing PCNL in department of urology,China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The general data,stone characteristics,operation approaches,and perioperative variables were recorded.SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.score,and CROES nomogram were assigned according to the computed tomography(CT)findings before surgery.Stone free status was evaluated by kidney-ureter-bladder one month after PCNL.The relationships of SHA.LIN score,S.T.O.N.E.score,and CROES score with SFR,postoperative complications,operation time(OT),length of hospital stay(LOS),estimated blood loss(EBL),and decrease of hemoglobin was evaluated.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the predictive accuracy. Results The SFR was 72.2%(65/90)and postoperative complications occurred in 33 cases(36.7%).The mean OT was(103.1±39.6)min,the mean EBL was(46.1±53.0)ml,the mean LOS was(15.3±5.2)d,the mean postoperative LOS was(8.5±3.4)d,and the mean decrease of hemoglobin was(16.1±10.2)g/L.Stone-free patients had significantly lower SHA.LIN score(8.23 vs. 10.36,P=0.000)and S.T.O.N.E.score(7.05 vs.8.16,P=0.000)and significantly higher CROES score(188.50 vs. 143.89,P=0.000)compared to patients with residual fragments.All these scores were not significantly associated with complications(P>0.05).On the other hand,all these scores were significantly correlated with OT,EBL,and decrease of hemoglobin(SHA.LIN:POT=0.006,PEBL=0.028,Pdecrease of hemoglobin=0.014;S.T.O.N.E.:POT=0.012,PEBL=0.047,Pdecrease of hemoglobin=0.011;and CROES:POT=0.040,PEBL=0.045,Pdecrease of hemoglobin=0.013).SHA.LIN(P=0.001)and S.T.O.N.E.(P=0.005)scores were associated with LOS.Logistic regression analysis revealed that SHA.LIN(OR=2.491),S.T.O.N.E.(OR=3.030),and CROES(OR=0.973)scores were significantly associated with stone-free status.ROC curves in predicting SFR showed that there was significant difference in the areas under the curves(AUC)for the SHA.LIN vs. S.T.O.N.E.score [0.808(95% CI=0.711-0.905)vs. 0.748(95% CI=0.632-0.864),P=0.047].AUC for the CROES score [0.770(95% CI=0.664-0.877)] showed no significantly different for the SHA.LIN score or the S.T.O.N.E.score(P>0.05). Conclusions All these three scoring systems have good predictive accuracy for SFR.SHA.LIN is more precise than S.T.O.N.E.in predicting SFR.However,they can not predict postoperative complications.

One-shot dilation versus serial dilation technique for access in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the outcomes of the use of one-shot dilation (OSD) and serial tract dilation for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. The randomised controlled trials (RCTs) included in the study were identified from EMBASE, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The last search was performed on 30 April 2018. Summary effects were calculated as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs or mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. The endpoints included access time, fluoroscopy time, successful dilation rate, stone-free rate, postoperative decrease in haemoglobin levels, transfusion rate, complication rate and length of postoperative hospital stay. RESULTS: A total of seven RCTs were included in the study, with clinical data reported for 697 patients. The overall access time was approximately 110 s shorter in the OSD group than in the serial dilation group (MD, -110.14; 95% CI -161.99 to -58.30; p<0.0001). The fluoroscopy time was shorter with OSD in all RCTs. In addition, the decrease in postoperative haemoglobin levels was approximately 2.3g/L less in patients in the OSD group than in those in the serial dilation group (MD, -0.23; 95% CI-0.39 to -0.07; p=0.004). No relationship was found between the successful dilation rate, stone-free rate, transfusion rate, or complication rate and the method of tract dilation. CONCLUSION: OSD is a safe and efficacious tract dilation technique that can reduce the access time, fluoroscopy time and postoperative decrease in haemoglobin level. No difference was found in the successful dilation rate, stone-free rate, transfusion rate or rate of complications between the OSD and serial dilation groups. The difference in the length of postoperative hospital stay was uncertain. OSD may be a better method of tract creation for PCNL.

A novel messenger RNA and long noncoding RNA signature associated with the progression of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer.

AIM: To explore the molecular mechanism of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), matched normal, and cancer tissues of 10 NMIBC were examined for RNA sequencing. METHODS: We profiled the messenger RNA (mRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression of patients with NMIBC. Differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were screened between cancer and normal tissues and validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and lncRNA-mRNA-miRNA interaction network was constructed. RESULTS: A total of 91 upregulated and 190 downregulated genes and 34 upregulated and 58 downregulated lncRNAs were screened from the sequencing result. The differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in focal adhesion, rap1 signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, Ras signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinases signaling pathway, of which some pathways were involved in the cancer development. In the RNA sequencing, KIT and laminin subunitγ γ3 (LAMC3) were significantly downregulated in the NMIBC group compared with the normal group. The results of quantitative reverse transcription PCR showed that the expression of LAMC3 and KIT were significantly decreased in the NMIBC group compared with the normal group. The lncRNA-mRNA-miRNA interaction network was constructed by Cytoscape software to further investigate the interaction correlations. The results implied that KIT and LAMC3 might regulate the lncRNAs (such as ENST00000445707, ENST00000501122, ENST00000505254, ENST00000528986, ENST00000557661, ENST00000602964, ENST00000614517, ENST00000620864, and ENST00000623414) by the miRNAs (such as hsa-let-7f-2-3p, hsa-miR-125a-3p, hsa-miR-134-3p, hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-210-5p, hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-30d-5p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-92a-2-5p, and hsa-miR-95-3p), and finally played a role in the development of NMIBC cancer. CONCLUSION: Altogether, our study preliminarily indicated that KIT and LAMC3 might play a crucial role in the development of NMIBC cancer via a complex mRNA-lncRNA-miRNA regulatory network.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney Treated with Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: A Case Report.

We herein reported a 27-year-old woman with a right renal mass for two years. She underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor by revealing its positive staining for cluster of differentiation (CD)34, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and CD99 in the tumor cells. No adjuvant treatment was carried out. The patient was in good health without local recurrence or metastasis during 2 years of follow-up. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal solitary fibrous tumor is an alternative treatment to radical nephrectomy. It can provide a good outcome. However, further follow-up and more cases of renal solitary fibrous tumor treated with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy are necessary to compare the oncological outcome with radical nephrectomy.

Allium vegetables and risk of prostate cancer: evidence from 132,192 subjects.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between allium vegetable intake and risk of prostate cancer. METHODS: A systematic literature search up to May 2013 was carried out in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane register, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases, and the references of retrieved articles were also screened. The summary relative risks with 95% confidence interval for the highest versus the lowest intake of allium vegetables were calculated. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also evaluated. RESULTS: A total of nine epidemiological studies consisting of six case-control and three prospective cohort studies were included. We found a significantly decreased risk of prostate cancer for intake of allium vegetables (OR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.70, 0.97). Moreover, in the subgroup analysis stratified by allium vegetable types, significant associations were observed for garlic (OR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.91) but not onions (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.62-1.13). CONCLUSIONS: Allium vegetables, especially garlic intake, are related to decreased risk of prostate cancer. Because of the limited number of studies, further well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings of our study.

[Hereditary tendency of varicocele].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hereditary tendency of varicocele. METHODS: We included in this study 112 varicocele patients, 117 direct male relatives of the patients, and 100 healthy men as controls. We compared the incidence of varicocele tween the direct relative group and the control group. RESULTS: The direct male relatives of the varicocele patients had a significantly higher incidence of varicocele than the healthy controls (36.8% vs 17%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The increased incidence of varicocele in the direct male relatives of the patients indicated a hereditary tendency of the disease.

[Relationship of body mass index with cancer detection in prostate biopsy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of body mass index with cancer detection on prostate biopsy. METHODS: A total of 168 patients undergoing a prostate biopsy were divided into obese and non-obese groups by BMI ≥ 25 or < 25. Then the differences of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, prostate volume, prostate cancer detection rate and pathology result between two groups. RESULTS: The obese group had a higher rate of cancer detection than the non-obese group [67.1% (51/76) vs 48.9% (45/92), P < 0.05]. Logistics regression analysis showed that BMI ≥ 25 had a positive correlation with cancer detection on biopsy. CONCLUSION: Body mass index can raise the risk of prostate cancer on biopsy.