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Objective To examine the status and trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Shenzhen between 2013 and 2017.Methods Six primary schools,three junior high schools and three high schools were selected in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017,through stratified cluster sampling method.Height and weight of the selected students were measured.Results In total,94 868 students were monitored from 2013 to 2017.The average prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.31％ and 9.60％,respectively.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity appeared higher in boys (17.60％ and 12.43％) than those in girls (10.27％ and 5.93％).The prevalence of overweight was higher than obesity.Both prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were declining over the past five years.The maximal prevalence rates of overweight of boys and girls were from 10 to 12 and 13 to 15 years of age,while the obesity was from 6 to 9 years old,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were on the decline from 2013 to 2017,however,attention should be paid to the obesity problem in students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the relations between neck/shoulder or low back pain and their daily behavioral habits among middle school students in Shenzhen.Methods We randomly chose 3 952 students from 10 high schools in Shenzhen to complete the questionnaires.Data was gathered and analyzed,using the IBM SPSS 23.0.Results Of the 3 952 participants,20.3％ had neck/shoulder pain and 15.2％ had low back pain.Among students experienced neck/shoulder pain,female (25.3％),high school (24.5％) and boarding students (24.4％) experienced higher rates of neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Female students (17.9％) also had higher rate of low back pain (P＜0.05).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:gender,type of school,taking naps on the desk,staying up late,self-perceived stress from learning,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV,spending long time on computer etc.were related to the neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Factors as:gender,naps on the desk,stay up late,self-perceived stress,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV etc.,were related to low back pain (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain were both commonly seen while high self-perceived stress,sedentary behaviors and poor sleeping habits were associated with both neck/shoulder and low back pain in high school students in Shenzhen.
ABSTRACT
Objective To examine the status and trends of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Shenzhen between 2013 and 2017.Methods Six primary schools,three junior high schools and three high schools were selected in Shenzhen from 2013 to 2017,through stratified cluster sampling method.Height and weight of the selected students were measured.Results In total,94 868 students were monitored from 2013 to 2017.The average prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 13.31％ and 9.60％,respectively.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity appeared higher in boys (17.60％ and 12.43％) than those in girls (10.27％ and 5.93％).The prevalence of overweight was higher than obesity.Both prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were declining over the past five years.The maximal prevalence rates of overweight of boys and girls were from 10 to 12 and 13 to 15 years of age,while the obesity was from 6 to 9 years old,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were on the decline from 2013 to 2017,however,attention should be paid to the obesity problem in students.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the relations between neck/shoulder or low back pain and their daily behavioral habits among middle school students in Shenzhen.Methods We randomly chose 3 952 students from 10 high schools in Shenzhen to complete the questionnaires.Data was gathered and analyzed,using the IBM SPSS 23.0.Results Of the 3 952 participants,20.3％ had neck/shoulder pain and 15.2％ had low back pain.Among students experienced neck/shoulder pain,female (25.3％),high school (24.5％) and boarding students (24.4％) experienced higher rates of neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Female students (17.9％) also had higher rate of low back pain (P＜0.05).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:gender,type of school,taking naps on the desk,staying up late,self-perceived stress from learning,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV,spending long time on computer etc.were related to the neck/shoulder pain (P＜0.05).Factors as:gender,naps on the desk,stay up late,self-perceived stress,overloading homework,time spent on mobile phone and TV etc.,were related to low back pain (P＜0.05).Conclusion Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain were both commonly seen while high self-perceived stress,sedentary behaviors and poor sleeping habits were associated with both neck/shoulder and low back pain in high school students in Shenzhen.
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Protein solubility plays a major role and has strong implication in the proteomics. Predicting the propensity of a protein to be soluble or to form inclusion body is a fundamental and not fairly resolved problem. In order to predict the protein solubility, almost 10,000 protein sequences were downloaded from NCBI. Then the sequences were eliminated for the high homologous similarity by CD-HIT. Thus, there were 5692 sequences remained. Based on protein sequences, amino acid and dipeptide compositions were generally extracted to predict protein solubility. In this study, the entropy in information theory was introduced as another predictive factor in the model. Experiments involving nine different feature vector combinations, including the above-mentioned three kinds of factors, were conducted with support vector machines (SVMs) as prediction engine. Each combination was evaluated by re-substitution test and 10-fold cross-validation test. According to the evaluation results, the accuracies and Matthew's Correlation Coefficient (MCC) values were boosted by the introduction of the entropy. The best combination was the one with amino acid, dipeptide compositions and their entropies. Its accuracy reached 90.34% and Matthew's Correlation Coefficient (MCC) value was 0.7494 in re-substitution test, while 88.12% and 0.7945 respectively for 10-fold cross-validation. In conclusion, the introduction of the entropy significantly improved the performance of the predictive method.
Subject(s)
Databases, Protein , Models, Chemical , Models, Genetic , Proteins , Sequence Analysis, Protein/methods , Solubility , Amino Acid Sequence , Predictive Value of Tests , Proteins/chemistry , Proteins/geneticsABSTRACT
This study examined the effects of combined administration of tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on heroin withdrawal syndromes and mental symptoms in detoxified heroin addicts. In the cluster-randomized placebo-controlled trial, 83 detoxified heroin addicts were recruited from a detoxification treatment center in Wuhan, China. Patients in the intervention group (n=41) were given the combined treatment with tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and 5-HTP and those in the control group (n=42) were administered the placebo. The sleep status and the withdrawal symptoms were observed daily throughout the study, and the mood states were monitored pre- and post-intervention. The results showed that the insomnia and withdrawal scores were significantly improved over time in participants in the intervention group as compared with those in the control group. A greater reduction in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance, and a greater increase in their vigor-activity symptoms were found at day 6 in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05). It was concluded that the neurotransmitter-precursor-supplement intervention is effective in alleviating the withdrawal and mood symptoms and it may become a supplementary method for patients' recovery from heroin addiction.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Administration, Oral , Dietary Supplements , Drug Therapy, Combination , Methods , Heroin Dependence , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Neurotransmitter Agents , Placebo Effect , Single-Blind Method , Substance Withdrawal Syndrome , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Therapeutics , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study examined the effects of combined administration of tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) on heroin withdrawal syndromes and mental symptoms in detoxified heroin addicts. In the cluster-randomized placebo-controlled trial, 83 detoxified heroin addicts were recruited from a detoxification treatment center in Wuhan, China. Patients in the intervention group (n=41) were given the combined treatment with tyrosine, lecithin, L-glutamine and 5-HTP and those in the control group (n=42) were administered the placebo. The sleep status and the withdrawal symptoms were observed daily throughout the study, and the mood states were monitored pre- and post-intervention. The results showed that the insomnia and withdrawal scores were significantly improved over time in participants in the intervention group as compared with those in the control group. A greater reduction in tension-anxiety, depression-dejection, anger-hostility, fatigue-inertia and total mood disturbance, and a greater increase in their vigor-activity symptoms were found at day 6 in the intervention group than in the control group (all P<0.05). It was concluded that the neurotransmitter-precursor-supplement intervention is effective in alleviating the withdrawal and mood symptoms and it may become a supplementary method for patients' recovery from heroin addiction.
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This study examined the association of problem behavior with neurotransmitter deficiency in adolescents, which would provide new insights into behavioral problems. A total of 1259 students of the seventh grade from 4 middle schools in Wuhan city located in the central China were recruited. With the approval of school and parents, they were invited to complete the Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaire and Symptom Scale of Neurotransmitter Deficiency (SSND) questionnaire. Pearson's bivariate correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between each subscale of YSR and SSND ranged from 0.24 to 0.61 with all P<0.01. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that anxiety/depression was interrelated with insufficiency of GABA and 5-HT; aggressive behavior was associated with inadequate GABA; famine of DA influenced the attention problems. It was concluded that neurotransmitter deficiency may cause a series of behavioral and mental problems.
ABSTRACT
This study examined the association of problem behavior with neurotransmitter deficiency in adolescents, which would provide new insights into behavioral problems. A total of 1259 students of the seventh grade from 4 middle schools in Wuhan city located in the central China were recruited. With the approval of school and parents, they were invited to complete the Youth Self-Report (YSR) questionnaire and Symptom Scale of Neurotransmitter Deficiency (SSND) questionnaire. Pearson's bivariate correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between each subscale of YSR and SSND ranged from 0.24 to 0.61 with all P<0.01. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that anxiety/depression was interrelated with insufficiency of GABA and 5-HT; aggressive behavior was associated with inadequate GABA; famine of DA influenced the attention problems. It was concluded that neurotransmitter deficiency may cause a series of behavioral and mental problems.
